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Day 12: Solutions: Powers
Daniel J. Mallinson
Political ScienceStockton University
POLS 2190
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Road map
Finish discussing rights
Discuss powers as a policy change
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Solutions
Incentives
Rules
Facts
Rights
Powers
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How are rights claimed?
1 Official statement of the right
2 Establishment of a grievance process
3 Selection of a remedy and enforcement
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Official statement
Modes:
Statutory law
Administrative law
Common law
Constitutional amendment
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Grievance adjudication
Litigation in the courts andbureaucracy
Two sides and a “neutral”third party
“Judges are like umpires. Umpires don’t make the rules, they applythem. ... And I will remember that it’s my job to call balls andstrikes and not to pitch or bat.” (John Roberts)
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Remedy and Enforcement
Responsibility of rights-holder to claim harm
Needs backing by threat of force
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The Basis for Legal Rights
Normative
Claims need moral weight
Sociological
Right justified by moralchange
Political
Power and resource disparitiesbetween the sides
“Repeat players” vs.“One-shotters”
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Do Rights Work?
Rights are about playing the long-game. May not appearto work right away, but can have profound change onsociety.
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Powers
Working Definition
Policy about the structure of decision-making institutions
Two Components
1 Authority to act
2 Capacity to act
Changing institutions changes the balance of power indecision-making
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5 Strategies
1 Changing membership
2 Changing leadership requirements
3 Centralizing or decentralizing authority
4 Changing mechanisms of accountability
5 Shifting authority to the private sector
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Membership
What happens when membership changes? How doespower shift?
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Leadership Requirements
Discussion: Who is qualified to be President of the UnitedStates?
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Centralization of Authority
Welfare reform: State or federal program?
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Mechanisms of Accountability
Paradox: Election rules decided by elected officials
How do we change election rules to ensureaccountability?
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Privatization
How does contracting out a government service alter thedistribution of power? Pros and Cons?
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Key Point
Proposals to alter government institutions often cite thegoal of efficiency. Altering institutions, however, alsoalters the distribution of political power.
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