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Data ONTAP 7-ModeAdministration
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NETAPP UNIVERSITY
Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration Student Guide
Course Number: STRSW-ILT-D7ADM Catalog Number: STRSW-ILT-D7ADM-SG Content Version: 2.0
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2 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Welcome
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
ATTENTION
The information contained in this guide is intended for training use only. This guide contains information and activities that, while beneficial for the purposes of training in a closed, non-production environment, can result in downtime or other severe consequences and therefore are not intended as a reference guide. This guide is not a technical reference and should not, under any circumstances, be used in production environments. To obtain reference materials, please refer to the NetApp product documentation located at http://now.netapp.com/ for product information.
COPYRIGHT
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. Specifications subject to change without notice.
No part of this book covered by copyright may be reproduced in any form or by any meansgraphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or storage in an electronic retrieval systemwithout prior written permission of the copyright owner.
NetApp reserves the right to change any products described herein at any time and without notice. NetApp assumes no responsibility or liability arising from the use of products or materials described herein, except as expressly agreed to in writing by NetApp. The use or purchase of this product or materials does not convey a license under any patent rights, trademark rights, or any other intellectual property rights of NetApp.
The product described in this manual may be protected by one or more U.S. patents, foreign patents, or pending applications.
RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND
NetApp Documentation is protected by Copyright and is provided to U.S. Government Agencies with LIMITED RIGHTS as defined at FAR 52.227-14(a). Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to the restrictions as set forth therein. In the event of use by a DOD agency, the Government's rights in Documentation are governed by the restrictions in the Technical Data Commercial Items clause at DFARS 252.227-7015 and the Commercial Computer Software and Commercial Computer Software Documentation clause at DFARS 252.227-7202.
TRADEMARK INFORMATION
NetApp, the NetApp logo, Go Further, Faster, Data ONTAP, Appliance Watch, ASUP, AutoSupport, Bolt Design, Center-to-Edge, ComplianceClock, ComplianceJournal, ContentDirector, Cryptainer, Data Motion, DataFabric, DataFort, Decru, Decru DataFort, Evolution of Storage, Exec-Vault, FAServer, FilerView, FlexCache, FlexClone, FlexShare, FlexVol, FPolicy, Get Successful, gFiler, LockVault, Manage ONTAP, MultiStore, NearStore, NetApp Availability Assurance, NetApp IT As A Service, NetApp ProTech Expert, NetCache, NOW, NOW (NetApp on the Web), ONTAPI, Raid-DP, Replicator-X, SANscreen, SecureAdmin, SecureShare, Shadow Tape, Simulate ONTAP, SmartClone, SnapCache, SnapCopy, SnapDrive, SnapLock, SnapManager, SnapMirror, SnapMover, SnapRestore, Snapshot, SnapStore, SnapSuite, SnapValidator, SnapVault, Spinnaker Networks, Spinnaker Networks logo, SpinCluster, SpinFlex, SpinFS, SpinHA, SpinMove, SpinServer, SpinStor, StoreVault, SyncMirror, Tech OnTap, Topio, vFiler, VFM, VFM (Virtual File Manager), WAFL, and Web Filer are either trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of NetApp, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries.
Not all common law marks used by NetApp are listed on this page. Failure of a common law mark to appear on this page does not mean that NetApp does not use the mark nor does it mean that the product is not actively marketed or is not significant within its relevant market.
Apple and QuickTime are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries.
Microsoft and Windows Media are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
RealAudio, RealNetworks, RealPlayer, RealSystem, RealText, RealVideo, RealMedia, RealProxy, and SureStream are either trademarks or registered trademarks of RealNetworks, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries.
All other brands or products are either trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders and should be treated as such.
NetApp is a licensee of the CompactFlash and CF Logo trademarks.
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3 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Welcome
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
WELCOME......................................................................................................................................................... 1
MODULE 1: NETAPP STORAGE ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................... 1-1
MODULE 2: BASIC ADMINISTRATION ....................................................................................................... 2-1
MODULE 3: PHYSICAL STORAGE ............................................................................................................. 3-1
MODULE 4: LOGICAL STORAGE ............................................................................................................... 4-1
MODULE 5: WAFL SIMPLIFIED ................................................................................................................... 5-1
MODULE 6: ADMINISTRATION SECURITY ................................................................................................ 6-1
MODULE 7: NETWORKING ......................................................................................................................... 7-1
MODULE 8: NFS ........................................................................................................................................... 8-1
MODULE 9: CIFS .......................................................................................................................................... 9-1
MODULE 10: NAS MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................... 10-1
MODULE 11: SAN ....................................................................................................................................... 11-1
MODULE 12: SNAPSHOT COPIES ............................................................................................................ 12-1
MODULE 13: SPACE MANAGEMENT ....................................................................................................... 13-1
MODULE 14: HIGH AVAILABILITY ........................................................................................................... 14-1
MODULE 15: VIRTUALIZATION SOLUTIONS .......................................................................................... 15-1
MODULE 16: BACKUP AND RECOVERY METHODS .............................................................................. 16-1
MODULE 17: DATA COLLECTION TOOLS .............................................................................................. 17-1
MODULE 18: DATA ONTAP UPGRADES ................................................................................................. 18-1
MODULE 19: FINAL WORDS ...................................................................................................................... 19-1
APPENDIX A: WAFL INTERNALS .............................................................................................................. A-1
APPENDIX B: SHELLS ................................................................................................................................ B-1
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4 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Welcome
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
DATA ONTAP 7-MODE ADMINISTRATION
Data ONTAP
7-Mode
Administration
Part Number: STRSW-ILT-D7ADM
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5 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Welcome
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
LOGISTICS AND SAFETY
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Logistics and Safety
Logistics Introductions Schedule (start time,
breaks, lunch, close) Telephones and
messages Food and drinks Restrooms
Safety Alarm signal Evacuation route Assembly area Electrical safety
2
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6 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Welcome
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Course Objectives
By the end of this course, you should be able to: Identify the components that are included within a
NetApp storage environment Upgrade and administer the Data ONTAP operating
system Configure physical and logical storage Configure client protocols Explain how to manage virtualization solutions Create, manage, and use Snapshot copies Explain and manage space consumption using Data
ONTAP List back up and recover data methods available
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7 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Welcome
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
COURSE AGENDA: DAYS 1 AND 2
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Course Agenda: Days 1 and 2
Day 1 NetApp Storage Environment Basic Administration Physical Storage
Day 2 Logical Storage WAFL Simplified Administrative Security Networking
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8 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Welcome
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
COURSE AGENDA: DAYS 3, 4 AND 5
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Course Agenda: Days 3, 4 and 5
Day 3 Network File System Common Internet File System NAS Management Storage Area Networks
Day 4 Snapshot Copies Space Management High Availability Solutions Virtualization Solutions
Day 5 Backup and Recovery Methods Data Collection Tools Data ONTAP Upgrade Final Words
5
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9 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Welcome
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP UNIVERSITY INFORMATION SOURCES
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp University Information Sources
NOW (NetApp on the Web) http://now.netapp.com
NetApp University http://www.netapp.com/us/services/university/
NetApp University Support http://netappusupport.custhelp.com
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10 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Welcome
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
FONT STYLES
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Font Styles
7
Convention Type of Information
Italic Font
Book titles.Words or characters that require special attention.Variable names or placeholders for information that must be supplied, for example:
An ifstat command looks like this:ifstat -z -a
The name of the interface for which you want to view statistics is interface.
Monospaced font
Command names, daemon names, and option names.Information displayed on the system console or other computer monitors.The contents of files.
Bold monospaced font
Words or characters that are typed, for example:Enter the following command:options httpd.enable on
license add
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1 - 1 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
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NETAPP STORAGE ENVIRONMENT
Module 1Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration
NetApp Storage
Environment
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1 - 2 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
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MODULE OBJECTIVES
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Module Objectives
By the end of this module, you should be able to: Identify the key features and functions of
NetApp storage systems Describe the advantages that a NetApp
storage system provides Distinguish between network-attached storage
(NAS) and storage area network (SAN) topologies
Describe NetApp unified storage architecture Access the NetApp Support site to obtain
software and hardware documentation2
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1 - 3 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
TERMS AND ACRONYMS USED IN THIS COURSE
This table lists terms and concepts that are used frequently in this course. Many of the terms relate to specific
areas of NetApp technology, such as SAN, network-attached storage (NAS), the Data ONTAP operating
system, and protocols.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Terms and Acronyms Used in This Course
ACL Access control list
CIFS Common Internet File System
CLI Command-line interface
Data ONTAP The operating system for NetApp storage systems
FC Fibre Channel
GID Group ID
HBA Host bus adapter (FC)
HA High availability (formerly active-active controller configuration)
NAS Network-attached storage
NFS Network File System
NIS Network Information Service
RLM Remote LAN Module
SAN Storage area network
SD Security descriptor
SID Secure ID
SP Service processor
Storage controller Storage engines, heads, or CPU modules
Storage system Controller or storage appliance
UID User ID
VTL Virtual Tape Library
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1 - 4 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP AND THE STORAGE INDUSTRY
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved. 4
NetApp and the
Storage Industry
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1 - 5 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
STORAGE INDUSTRY
As IT departments throughout the world attempt to reduce costs and increase flexibility, the storage industry
is expanding rapidly. Established trends continue, and new trends arise
Data lifecycle: controlling data through its various stages of life, meeting the needs of each stage in the cycle
Virtualization: consolidating servers and hosting multiple machines on one physical platform Storage efficiency: using techniques, such as thin provisioning and deduplication, that maximize storage
resources
Security: securing data (an ever-increasing problem for many IT departments) Data in motion: moving data to the optimal storage storage location Cloud storage: providing or using storage as a service
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Storage Industry
Data storagean industry worth US $27 billion Centralized storage
Reduced IT costs Increased flexibility Maximum efficiency of processes and services
Trends in the marketplace Data lifecycle Virtualization Storage efficiency
Security Data in motion Cloud storage
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP: LEADER IN THE STORAGE INDUSTRY
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp: Leader in the Storage Industry
NetApp firsts: First in the industry to support
unified storage (NAS and SAN) on one platform
First in the industry with Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) support and Unified Connect
First storage vendor to decouple physical storage from logical storage (flexible volumes)
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1 - 7 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP: LEADER IN INNOVATION AND QUALITY
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp: Leader in Innovation and Quality
NetApp provides: State-of-the-art hardware solutions Award-winning OS platforms Software management products
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1 - 8 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP HARDWARE SOLUTION: FAS
NetApp storage systems offer unmatched business agility, superior application uptime, simplicity of
management, and breakthrough value.
FAS6200 series: Rely on the versatility, scalability, and reliability of the FAS6200 series for your largest
enterprise applications and your most demanding technical workloads. Achieve lower acquisition and
operation costscompared to traditional, large-scale storage.
FAS3200 series: Do more for your business than you thought possible with a storage system. Choose the
FAS3200 for its flexibility, performance, availability, and the responsiveness to growth that a high-bandwidth
64-bit architecture provides.
FAS2000 series: With the FAS2000 series, you can manage your growing, complex data in dispersed
departments or remote locations and add functionality easily and cost effectively.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp Hardware Solution: FAS
NetApp provides FAS solutions (also called storage controllers): FAS6200 seriesenterprise storage FAS3200 seriesperformance storage FAS2000 seriesdepartmental storage
8
FAS6280FAS6280
FAS3270FAS3270
FAS2050
A
B
FAS6200 seriesFAS3200 series FAS2000 series
NOTE: Data ONTAP 8.0 not supported on FAS2020 or FAS2050
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1 - 9 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP FAS STORAGE SYSTEMS
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp FAS Storage Systems
9
Old Models
Max Capacity Replaces
New Models*
Max Capacity
64-Bit Aggregate
Limit*FAS2020 68 TB -
FAS2040 272 TB 30 TB
FAS2050 104 TB FAS3210 420 TB 50 TB
FAS3140 840 TB FAS3240 1200 TB 50 TB
FAS3160 1344 TB FAS3270 1920 TB 70 TB
FAS3170 1680 TB FAS6210 2400 TB 70 TB
FAS6040 1680 TB FAS6240 3840 TB 100 TB
FAS6080 2352 TB FAS6280 5760 TB 100 TB
* Based on the Data ONTAP 8.0.1 7-Mode operating system
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1 - 10 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP FAS6200 SERIES
The FAS6200 family is a platform of high-end storage systems that are supported on the Data ONTAP 8.0.1
7-Mode operating system and the Data ONTAP 8.0.1 Cluster-Mode operating system. The family includes
three models, each with a unique configuration. Each FAS6200 model has the following characteristics:
6U chassis Embedded SAS, FC, Gigabit Ethernet (GbE), 10 GbE Minimum of four Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) slots per controller Embedded Service Processor (integrated platform management device) USB flash support for OS boot media Depending on the model, the chassis can accommodate one controller, one controller and an I/O expansion
module (IOXM), or two controllers. The IOXM provides additional PCIe slots to the system. When two
controllers are installed in a chassis, they form an HA pair through a nonvolatile RAM 8 (NVRAM8)
backplane connection. In addition, two FAS6200 systems, each with a controller and an IOXM, can form an
HA pair through external cabling.
The following FAS6200 system configurations are supported:
System | Single chassis, 1 controller, 1 empty bay | Single chassis, 2 controllers | Two chassis,
1 controller, 1 IOXM
6210 | Yes | Yes | No
6240 | No | No | Yes
6280 | No | No | Yes
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
FAS6210 model in a dual-controller configuration
NetApp FAS6200 Series
FAS6210 model in a single-controller configuration
FAS6280 model in a single-controller configuration withan I/O expansion module (IOXM)
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NETAPP HARDWARE SOLUTION: V-SERIES
V-Series open-storage controllers enable you to manage disk arrays from EMC, IBM, Hewlett-Packard
Company, Hitachi Data Systems, and other storage vendors as easily as you can manage NetApp storage.
V6200 series: The open-storage controllers of the NetApp V6200 series can handle your largest enterprise
and technical applications in multiprotocol, multivendor storage environments.
V3200 series: The open-storage controllers of the V3200 series give you advanced data-management and
storage-efficiency capabilities in multiprotocol, multivendor environments.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp provides V-Series solutions for virtualization of heterogeneous storage: V6200 seriesenterprise storage V3200performance storage
NetApp Hardware Solution: V-Series
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FAS6280FAS6280
V6200 series
FAS3270FAS3270
V3200 series
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1 - 12 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP COMPATIBLE DISK SHELVES
NetApp storage supports a variety of disk shelves, from high-performance FC shelves to inexpensive ATA
shelves. With the DS4243 shelf and the new 2.5-inch disk form-factor DS2246, shelf NetApp storage
supports SAS drives with both speed and cost efficiency. The DS4243 is named for its 4U rack size with 24
disk and 3 Gb line rate while the DS2246 is named for its 2U rack size with 24 disk and 6 Gb line rate.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp provides compatible disk shelves: FC DS14 Mark FC
ATA DS14Mark 2AT
SASDS4243
DS2246
NetApp Compatible Disk Shelves
Shelf ID
System
Loop B
Loop A
Fault
Power
DS14
FC
MK4
450F 450F 450F 450F 450F 450F 450F 450F 450F 450F 450F 450F 450F 450F
Shelf ID
System
Module B
Module A
Fault
Power
DS14
AT
MK2
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
450GB
DS4243
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4 5 6 70 1 2 3 12 13 14 158 9 10 11 20 21 22 2316 17 18 19
DS2246
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
600GB
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
SSDS IN A NETAPP DISK SHELF
Solid-state disks (SSDs) are best suited for random read-intensive workloads that require consistently fast
response times. Currently, SSDs are available in the DS4243 shelf, which houses 24 drives in 3.5-inch form factor carriers. Each shelf gives you approximately 2 TB of raw capacity. For best results, use SSDs with a
high-performance storage controller.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
SSDs in a NetApp Disk Shelf
13
Solid-state disks (SSDs): Can provide consistently fast response times for your
mission-critical applications Are supported in the highly reliable DS4243 disk shelf Use 24 x 100 GB SSDs per shelf Are available with higher performance NetApp FAS
and V-Series storage controllers, which run the Data ONTAP 8.0.1 or later system
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP HARDWARE SOLUTION: FLASH CACHE
Use Flash Cache, formerly the Performance Acceleration Module II (PAM II), to optimize the performance of
random read-intensive workloadssuch as file services, messaging, virtual infrastructure, and OLTP databaseswithout using additional high-performance disk drives. This intelligent read cache speeds access to your data, reducing latency by a factor of 10 or morecompared to disk drives. Faster response times can translate into higher throughput for random I/O workloads.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Flash Cache (PAM II): Was formerly named Performance
Acceleration Module (PAM) Eliminates up to 75% of the high-performance
disk drives in a storage system while providing better response time across the I/O throughput
NetApp Hardware Solution: Flash Cache
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
USE CASES FOR FLASH CACHE AND SSDS
Both intelligent caching and persistent storage are effective ways to improve performance for random read-
intensive workloads.
When both Flash Cache and SSDs are part of a storage system configuration, the data from SSD volumes is
not placed in Flash Cache. Instead, SSD data is placed in the first-level read cache, which resides in the
controllers dynamic RAM (DRAM) main memory. Only data from rotating media (disk drives) is placed in Flash Cache. In this case, Flash Cache functions as a second-level read cache.
It is often said that SSDs improve write performance, not just read performance. Because the WAFL (Write
Anywhere File Layout) file system in combination with the use of NVRAM as a write journal enables
NetApp storage to handle random writes very efficiently, this statement applies more to traditional FC-SAN
storage than to NetApp storage. Nevertheless, SSDs can improve the write performance of a NetApp
controller for workloads that are very write intensive.
Currently, promotion of autotiering software is at its peak, so the gap between expectations and reality is
large. Autotiering software works better for moving data downhill, to a lower tier, than for moving data
uphill, to a higher tier. When data on a lower tier (such as on SATA disk drives) suddenly becomes hot, it is
typically moved to an upper tier (such as SSDs) only after several hours, perhaps only after several days.
As a factor in the delay, chunk sizes range from 512 KB for Compellent to 1 GB for EMC CLARiiON
Fully Automated Storage Tiering (FAST). As chunk size increases, so does the likelihood that cold data will
be moved with hot data. As a consequence, larger chunk sizes increase the burden on the storage controller.
In contrast to autotiering software, NetApp intelligent caching moves newly hot data into cache in small 4-KB
chunks and in real time. The data chunk is initially placed in the first level of read cache, which is in
controller memory (DRAM). Eventually, the data chunk flows into the much larger, second-level Flash
Cache.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Use Cases for Flash Cache and SSDs
15
Intelligent cachingNetApp Flash Cache (PAM II)
Persistent storageSSDs in NetApp DS4243 shelf
Good fit when Workload is random read-intensive Hot data is dynamic or unknown Administration-free approach is
desired
Good fit when Workload is random read-intensive Consistently fast response times
are required
Example workloads Server and desktop virtualization File services, e-mail, databases Technical applications
Example workloadDatabases for mission-critical applications
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1 - 16 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP: LEADER IN INNOVATION AND QUALITY
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp: Leader in Innovation and Quality
NetApp provides: State-of-the-art hardware solutions Award-winning OS platforms Software management products
16
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP OS PLATFORMS: DATA ONTAP
Achieve new levels of scalability and storage flexibility, resulting in decreased TCO, maximum business
agility, and 24x7 business continuity.
Accelerate your move to a service-oriented architecture with the Data ONTAP 8.0 operating system, which
enables service levels across a diverse set of applications and extends data center virtualization. The Data
ONTAP 8.0 operating system provides a unified, scalable platform that addresses your NAS, SAN, multitier,
multiprotocol, and multitenant virtualized environments.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp OS Platforms: Data ONTAP
Data ONTAP
GX
7-Mode Cluster-Mode
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
DATA ONTAP 8.0.X OPERATING SYSTEM
The Data ONTAP 8.0 7-Mode operating system is both scalable and flexible. It provides:
More efficient storage High availability Business continuance Quality of service Reduced complexity, greater simplicity To achieve high performance and high capacity, deploy the Data ONTAP 8.0 Cluster-Mode operating system.
The Data ONTAP 8.0 Cluster-Mode operating system helps you achieve results and get to market faster by
providing the massive throughput and scalability that you need to meet the demanding requirements of your
high-performance computing and digital media content applications. Achieve high levels of performance,
manageability, and reliability for your large Linux, UNIX, or Microsoft Windows clusters with the
Data ONTAP 8.0 Cluster-Mode operating system. The Data ONTAP 8.0 Cluster-Mode operating system
includes:
Multinode scaling, using a global namespace NetApp FlexVol technology storage virtualization Clustered file system Snapshot technology replication and mirroring
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data ONTAP 8.0.x Operating System
7-Mode Simple transition from
Data ONTAP 7G Scale-up technology that
enables aggregates to be 100 TB (higher in the future)
Simple configuration for NAS or SAN
Cluster-Mode Simple transition from
Data ONTAP GX Scale-out technology that
enables a pool of storage controllers to manage the storage cluster
One NAS namespace shared across the cluster
Storage PoolStorage Pool
7-Mode Cluster-Mode
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
UPGRADING TO DATA ONTAP 8.0.X
Upgrading Data ONTAP or Data ONTAP GX is easy when you upgrade within the same mode, such as Data ONTAP 7.3.x to Data ONTAP 8.0.x 7-Mode. In a high-availability configuration, you can upgrade from
Data ONTAP 7.3.x to Data ONTAP 8.0.x 7-Mode with a nondisruptive upgrade (NDU), maintaining data
access during the upgrade. In a single-node configuration, you can upgrade from Data ONTAP 7.3.x to Data
ONTAP 8.0.x 7-Mode without disturbing the data on the shelves (called Data in Place). Although upgrades from Data ONTAP GX to Data ONTAP 8.0 Cluster-Mode require a reboot, all data can be maintained. All
other upgrades are conversions, requiring disks and systems to be wiped clean.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Upgrading to Data ONTAP 8.0.x
Data ONTAP
7.3.x
Data ONTAP GX
Data ONTAP 8.0.x
7-Mode
Data ONTAP 8.0.xCluster-Mode
Nondisruptive Upgrade(NDU) or Data in Place Data in Place
Conversion
Conversion
Conversion = Disks and system wiped clean
Conversion
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
DATA ONTAP-V
The Data ONTAP operating system in a virtual machine (Data ONTAP-v) delivers the Data ONTAP storage
stack, data management, and caching features within a virtual machine. Currently, Data ONTAP-v is based
upon Data ONTAP 8.0.1 7-Mode. The virtual machine is on physical servers that use direct-attached storage
or are part of an external storage system. The Data ONTAP-v product is included within the virtual storage
appliance category.
Data ONTAP-v (in a virtual environment) and Data ONTAP (in a physical environment) provide the same
capabilities. The capabilities of Data ONTAP-v can be configured for multiple usage scenarios. When used
with the Fujitsu BX400, Data ONTAP-v enables storage stack management of local Fujitsu disks and
provides IP-based (CIFS, iSCSI, and NFS) data access for home directories, e-mail, and business applications
for small-sized and medium-sized firms.
NetApp offers Data ONTAP-v to Fujitsu as an OEM product. Data ONTAP-v will be incorporated into the
Fujitsu SX960 storage blade for the PRIMERGY BX400 blade server. As of January 2011, the Data
ONTAP-v system embedded with the SX960 storage blade is sold exclusively by Fujitsu and its worldwide
authorized resellers.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Storage BladeStorage Blade
Data ONTAP-v
Configures Data ONTAP as a virtual machine (VM) Runs in VMware vSphere 4.1 with a Fujitsu
PRIMERGY BX400 blade server
20
Infrastructure Blade Server Blade Server Blade
Storage Blade
VendorVM
ESX
ESX
NFS Client
CIFS Client
Async MirrorTarget
WAN
Virtual machine storage provisioned and managed by Data ONTAPVolume mounted directly from Data ONTAP (NFS, CIFS, iSCSI)Storage managed by Data ONTAP storage stackV-NVRAM backing store provisioned by ESXPhysical Disk
VMFSiSCSI
Initiator
Vswitch
Network Backplane
iSCSIInitiator
Network Stack
RAID 5
Data ONTAP VSA
VMFSiSCSI
Initiator
VM Services
CF Card
NVRAM
WAFLRAID 0
SAS SCSI
NFSCIFSSCSITarget
Vswitch
vmdkvmdkvmdk
parityvmdk vmdk
vmdkvmdk
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1 - 21 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
NETAPP: LEADER IN INNOVATION AND QUALITY
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp provides: State-of-the-art hardware solutions Award-winning OS platforms Software management products
NetApp: Leader in Innovation and Quality
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NETAPP SOFTWARE MANAGEMENT PRODUCTS
The NetApp manageability software family consists of four suites that provide software tools for effective
data management.
With the NetApp storage suite of productsincluding Operations Manager, File Storage Resource Manager, SAN Manager, and Command Central Storageyou can do more with less. Instead of managing physical storage systems individually, you can view and manage multiple devices from a central console.
The NetApp server suite includes the SnapDrive data management software and ApplianceWatch Performance and Resource Optimization (PRO) Management Pack product families. SnapDrive products
provide a server-aware alternative to maintaining manual host connections to underlying NetApp storage
systems. ApplianceWatch products integrate with third-party system-management tools from HP, IBM, and
Microsoft. With ApplianceWatch products, you can view, monitor, and manage NetApp storage systems from
within their respective system-management environments.
The NetApp application suite delivers increased productivity and flexibility across the entire enterprise. The
various NetApp SnapManager management software products enable you to improve data availability,
reduce unexpected data loss, and increase storage management flexibility by leveraging the power of
integrated NetApp storage systems.
NetApp SANscreen storage management software provides effective tools for managing SAN
environments.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Storage suite Operations Manager Protection Manager Provisioning Manager File Storage Resource Manager
Server suite SnapDrive for UNIX SnapDrive for Windows
Application suite SnapManager for Exchange SnapManager for SharePoint SnapManager for SAP SnapManager for Oracle SnapManager for SQL Server
Data center: SANscreen
NetApp Software Management Products
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NETAPP STORAGEGRID OBJECT-BASED STORAGE SOLUTION
NetApp StorageGRID object-based storage solution:
Is a proven tool for managing petabyte-scale, globally distributed repositories of images, video, and records for enterprises and service providers.
Provides tremendous scalability by eliminating the typical constraints of mapping data into predefined data containers as blocks and files. It supports billions of files or objects and multiple petabytes of
capacity in one global namespace.
Enables intelligent data management and secure content retention. It optimizes data placement, metadata management, and efficiency through a global policy engine with built-in security that manages how data
is stored, placed, protected, and retrieved. Technologies such as digital fingerprints and encryption protect
the content from corruption and tampering.
Helps provide data availability any time, anywhere, to facilitate nonstop operations. Because the solution is designed to allow flexible deployment configurations, it can meet the varying needs of global, multisite
organizations.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp StorageGRID
Object-Based Storage Solution
23
StorageGRID object-based storage solution
NA
SI/O
Nat
ive
Obj
ect
Acc
ess
Pol
icy
AP
I
NASProtocols
Namespace
HTTP RESTProtocol Policy-
drivenauto-
managementMetadatatagging and search
Object-level data management
Location-transparent distributed object store
Data ONTAP 8.0.X
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STORAGE ARCHITECTURES
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved. 24
Storage
Architectures
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1 - 25 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
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NAS AND SAN TOPOLOGIES
SAN is a block-based storage system that makes data available over the network, using FC, FCoE, and iSCSI
protocols.
NAS is a file-based storage system that makes data available over the network, using NFS and CIFS
protocols. Within the Data ONTAP 8.0.1 7-Mode operating system, NetApp provides Unified Connect, which
allows a single 10-Gb adapter on the storage system, called a Unified Target Adapter (UTA), and a single 10-
Gb adapter on a client host, called a Converged Network Adapter (CNA), to be used as an Ethernet path for
both NAS and SAN.
NetApp SAN and Unified Storage Architecture provide an outstanding level of investment protection and
flexibility. The FAS system on the slide implies one box. However, the actual storage environment includes small and large FAS systems.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NAS and SAN Topology
SAN(block-level
access)
NAS(file-level access)
NFSCIFSCorporate
LAN
iSCSI
FCoEFC
25
NetApp FAS
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PROTOCOLS SUPPORTED BY DATA ONTAP
NFS: The NFS protocol allows UNIX and PC NFS clients to mount file systems to local mount points. The
storage appliance supports NFS v2, NFS v3, NFS v4, and NFS over User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
CIFS: The CIFS protocol supports Windows Server 2000, Windows Server 2003, and Windows Server
2008.
FTP: The FTP enables UNIX clients to remotely transfer files to and from the storage appliance.
HTTP: The HTTP enables Web browsers to display files that are stored on the storage appliance.
WebDAV: Web-based Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) enables certain applications to
create, modify, and access files by using extensions to HTTP.
FC, iSCSI, or FCoE: The FC, iSCSI, and FCoE protocols enable a storage device to communicate with one
or more hosts that are running operating systems such as Solaris or Windows in a SAN environment.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Protocols Supported by Data ONTAP
NetApp storage systems support SAN and NAS protocols simultaneously: NAS
NFS CIFS FTP HTTP WebDAV
SAN FC iSCSI FCoE Data
ONTAP
LAN (Ethernet)
FC Network
iSCSI
CIFS
NFS
FC
FCoE
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DATA ONTAP 7.3.X ARCHITECTURE
The Data ONTAP 7.3 operating system architecture consists of these elements:
Network interface: The point of interconnection between a user terminal and the network. The network layer delivers data to RAM through the simple kernel and through some libraries.
Protocol stack: Enables the processing of the data that is placed into RAM by the network layer. Processing is based on protocols (CIFS, NFS, FC, iSCSI, FTP, or HTTP).
WAFL (Write Anywhere File Layout): An intelligent file system that actively optimizes write performance by identifying the most effective way to lay out data.
RAID Layer: Provides RAID 4 and RAID-DP protection by taking the data that is processed by the WAFL file system. The RAID layer creates stripes that are used to calculate parity. The RAID layer also
protects data by performing RAID scrubs and assists in the reconstruction of failed disks.
Storage: Manages data transfer to and from disks. The storage layer is responsible for writing to the disks. According to the data that is delivered by the WAFL file system and RAID, it optimizes the write
process to the disks.
Nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM): Logs all transactions that change the state of the file system. Because writes are processed in system RAM, NVRAM provides battery-backed protection against data loss only
in emergency situations. After an improper shutdown, NVRAM is read only.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data ONTAP 7.3.x Architecture
DiskArray
Clients
27
StorageRAIDProtocolsNetwork
NVRAM
WAFL
Physical Memory
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1 - 28 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
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DATA ONTAP 8.0.X 7-MODE ARCHITECTURE
M-Host
Within FreeBSD, the M-host management component provides an API to the Data ONTAP 8.0 operating
system. M-host has a swap space on the root volume of the D-blade.
D-Blade
The D-blade is a kernel module within FreeBSD that provides Data ONTAP 7G compatibilities. The D-blade
consists of these elements:
Network interface Protocol stack WAFL file system RAID layer Storage NVRAM
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data ONTAP 8.0.x 7-Mode Architecture
StorageRAIDProtocolsNetwork
D-Blade
NVRAM
WAFL
Physical Memory
FreeBSDDiskArray
Clients
M-H
ost
Clie
nt P
roto
col
Acce
ss
28
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1 - 29 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
SUPPORT OPTIONS
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved. 29
Support Options
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1 - 30 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: NetApp Storage Environment
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NETAPP TECHNICAL SUPPORT
The NetApp architecture eliminates single points of failure and helps you achieve high availability, but there
are factors that no design can eliminate.
NetApp technical support can help. The NetApp global team of experts is ready to respond to your problems.
NetApp provides cost-effective technical support that is scaled and priced for your needs, whether you are a
large enterprise, classified government installation, or small business.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp Technical Support
Assisted-service products SupportEdge Premium SupportEdge Standard SupportEdge Secure for Government Storage Availability Audits Rapid Deployment Services
Self-service products NetApp Support siteformerly NOW
(NetApp on the Web) AutoSupport and My AutoSupport
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NETAPP SUPPORT SITE
The NetApp Support knowledge database provides support, information, and documentation. The NetApp
Support site is a NetApp customer-driven and employee-driven knowledgebase that is accessible at either of
these locations:
http://support.netapp.com http://now.netapp.com When you log in to the NetApp Support site, the Home page is displayed. From this page, you can access the
following kinds of administrative support:
Request technical assistance Submit or review the status of a technical assistance case Submit or review the status of a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) Find bug reports Locate documentation Find downloads Find information about your product Locate troubleshooting solutions
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp Support Site
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STORAGE EFFICIENCY IN MY AUTOSUPPORT
My Autosupport (formerly called Premium AutoSupport) is based upon AutoSupport data and is designed to
tell you:
How much storage you are using and what storage efficiency features are enabled How much storage savings you are realizingcompared to traditional storage What additional storage savings you can realize by enabling more storage efficiency components
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Storage Efficiency in My AutoSupport
Statistics on system efficiency and effective utilization of NetApp
Overview of physical and effective capacity
Calculation of storage efficiency savings from: Deduplication Snapshot technology RAID-DP technology FlexClone technology Thin provisioning
Available on the NetApp Support site
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MODULE SUMMARY
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Module Summary
In this module, you should have learned to: Identify the key features and functions of
NetApp storage systems Describe the advantages of a NetApp storage
system Distinguish between NAS and SAN topologies Describe NetApp Unified Storage Architecture Access the NetApp Support site to obtain
software and hardware documentation
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
EXERCISE
Please refer to your Exercise Guide for more instructions.
Exercise
Module 1: NetApp Storage EnvironmentEstimated Time: 15 minutes
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Check Your Understanding
What are the NetApp hardware solutions?
What is the primary function of the WAFL file system?
What storage topologies are supported by NetApp and the Data ONTAP operating system?
How is SAN different from NAS?
Where can you find support for the Data ONTAP operating system?
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
BASIC ADMINISTRATION
Basic
Administration
Module 2Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration
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2 - 2 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Basic Administration
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MODULE OBJECTIVES
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Module Objectives
By the end of this module, you should be able to: Connect remotely to a FAS system by using
the console and a remote host Access NetApp System Manager to
administer a storage system Execute commands by using the console, a
remote host, and NetApp System Manager Use commands to analyze a FAS system Configure and manage the NetApp
AutoSupport support tool for a FAS system
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ADMINISTRATIVE INTERFACES
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved. 3
Administrative
Interfaces
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2 - 4 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Basic Administration
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CLI AND GUI
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
CLI and GUI
A storage system can be managed from: The command-line interface (CLI)
Accessed directly through a serial connection to the console
Accessed remotely through Secure Shell (SSH) or Telnet
A graphic user interface (GUI): accessed remotely through a variety of protocols
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COMMAND-LINE INTERFACE
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved. 5
Command-Line
Interface
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2 - 6 Data ONTAP 7-Mode Administration: Basic Administration
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COMMAND-LINE INTERFACE
To enable two sessions, use the following command: system> options telnet.distinct.enable on
NOTE: If two sessions are not created, administrators must share the one session.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Command-Line Interface
CLI is accessed through the console or through Ethernet:system> Wed Apr 7 20:53:01 ...
logged in from console
system>
Maximum of 2 sessions: 1 from console 1 from Ethernet (SSH or telnet)
By default, a storage system allows: One session, one user at a time Two sessions, up to two users at a time
Creating additional sessions generates an error:Too many users logged in! Please try again later.
Connection closed.
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CONSOLE CONNECTIONS: SERIAL PORT
For console access, you can connect a terminal (or terminal server) to the storage system console port through
a standard RS232 connection, such as a DB9-to-DB9 serial cable (null modem). You use with the following
settings for the serial communication port:
Bits per second: 9600 Data bits: 8 Parity: none Stop bits: 1 Flow control: hardware or none Console access can be password protected. On newer systems with a Service , administrator may access a
Service Processor (SP) through the serial port by type the Control-G keystroke combination.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
13
14
15
16
7
8
9
10
3
4
5
6
LINK LINKLINK LINK
0a 0b 0c 0de0be0a0
e0e e0fe0c e0d
LINK LINKLINK LINK
Console Connections: Serial Port
The console allows a physical connection through the: Serial port RLM or SP BMC
Serial Port
Storage systems have an RJ45 port marked IOIOI (on the rear panel).
You connect the DB9 end to a serial port on a host computer.
Properties: Speed: 9600 bits per second Data bits: 8 Stop bits: 1 Parity: none Flow control: hardware or none
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CONSOLE CONNECTIONS: RLM OR SP
The Remote LAN Module (RLM) or the new Service Processor (SP is a remote management card that
provides remote platform management capabilities, including remote access, monitoring, troubleshooting,
logging, and alerting features.
These connections stays operational regardless of the operating state of the storage system. They are powered
by standby voltage, which are available as long as the storage system has input power to at least one of the
storage systems power supplies.
The RLM and the SP has a single temperature sensor to detect ambient temperature around the module board.
Data that is generated by this sensor is not used for any system or RLM environmental policies. It is only used
as a reference point that might help you troubleshoot storage system issues. For example, it might help a
remote system administrator determine if a system was shut down due to an extreme temperature change in
the system.
The FAS30xx series and FAS6000 series storage systems provide an Ethernet interface for connecting to the
RLM.
The FAS32xx series and FAS62xx series storage system provide two separate Ethernet interfaces (e0M and
e0P) for connecting to the SP.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
The console allows a physical connection through the: Serial port Remote LAN Manager (RLM) or
Service Processor (SP) BMC
Console Connections: RLM or SP
Remote access to your storage system regardless of the system state
Continuous power and secure access
An rlm command or spcommand used for configuration
The naroot account used to log in as root
8
13
14
15
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7
8
9
10
3
4
5
6
LINK LINKLINK LINK
0a 0b 0c 0de0be0a0
e0e e0fe0c e0d
LINK LINKLINK LINK
SP Ports
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CONSOLE CONNECTIONS: BMC
The Baseboard Management Controller (BMC) is a remote management device that is built into the
motherboard of the FAS2000 series storage systems. It provides remote platform management capabilities,
including remote access, monitoring, troubleshooting, logging, and alerting features.
The BMC stays operational regardless of the operating state of the storage system. Both the BMC and its
dedicated Ethernet network interface card (NIC) use standby voltage for high availability. The BMC is
available as long as the storage system has input power to at least one of the storage systems power supplies.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Console Connections: BMC
The console allows a physical connection through the: Serial port RLM or SP On the FAS2000 series, Baseboard
Management Controller (BMC)
1 2AB
1 2
REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL2
REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL2REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN 2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL
0a 0bLNKLNK
e0be0a
FAS2050
REPLACE THIS ITEM WITHIN 2 MINUTES OF REMOVAL
0a 0bLNKLNK
e0be0a
FAS2050
BMC Port Remote access to your
storage system regardless of the system state
Continuous power and secure access
A bmc command used for configuration
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SHELL ACCESS: E0M AND E0P
Some storage system models include an interface named e0M and e0P. These interfaces are dedicated to Data
ONTAP management activities with e0M for standard management functionality and e0P for private
management traffic. They enable you to separate management traffic from data traffic on your storage system
for security and throughput benefits. On a storage system that includes the e0M interface, the Ethernet port
that is indicated by a wrench icon on the rear of the chassis connects to an internal Ethernet switch. On a
storage system that includes the e0P interface, the Ethernet port that is indicated by a wrench icon with a
padlock on the rear of the chassis connects to an internal Ethernet switch.
When you set up a system that includes the e0M or e0P interface, the Data ONTAP setup script informs you
that, for environments that use dedicated LANs to isolate management traffic from data traffic, e0M and e0P
are the preferred interfaces for the management LAN. The setup script prompts you to configure e0M and
e0P. The e0M and e0P configurations are separate from the RLM or SP configuration. Both configurations
require unique IP and MAC addresses to allow the Ethernet switch to direct traffic to either the management
interfaces or the RLM or SP.
Although the e0M interface and the RLM both connect to the internal Ethernet switch by means of the
Ethernet port that is indicated by a wrench icon on the rear of the chassis, the e0M interface and the RLM
serve different functions. The e0M interface serves as the dedicated interface for environments that have
dedicated LANs for management traffic. You use the e0M interface for Data ONTAP administrative tasks.
The RLM, conversely, can be used for managing the Data ONTAP operating system and for providing remote
management capabilities for the storage system, including remote access to the console, monitoring,
troubleshooting, logging, and alerting features. Also, the RLM stays operational regardless of the operating
state of the storage system and regardless of whether the Data ONTAP operating system is running or not.
After e0M is configured, you can open a Telnet, RSH, or SSH session on a client.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data ONTAP 8.0
Shell Access: e0M and e0P
In addition to direct console access, administrators can access a storage system through the: e0M and e0P (if available) Ethernet
Management LAN
RLMor SP
e0M e0a e0b
DataLAN
10
e0P
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2011 NetApp, Inc. This material is intended for training use only. Not authorized for reproduction purposes.
SHELL ACCESS: ETHERNET
If your system is not configured with an e0M or e0P interface, use a standard Ethernet port for administrative
communication. NetApp recommends using a dedicated interface (such as e0a) for administrative access.
Using a secure shell protocol is also recommended.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Shell Access: Ethernet
In addition to using direct console access, administrators can access a storage system through: e0M and e0P (if available) Ethernet
Communication protocols: Defaults to secure protocols Defaults to insecure protocols
Secure protocols like SSH and SSL are recommended The following insecure protocols are not
recommended: RSH Telnet
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SECURE SHELL
Although the Data ONTAP 7.3.x and Data ONTAP 8.0.x operating systems support SSH 1.x, the use of SSH
1.x is not recommended because SSH 1.x contains known vulnerabilities.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Secure Shell
Secure shell (SSH): Allows for secure administrative access to the storage system Requires no license; set on by default in Data ONTAP 8.0.x Is supported by the Data ONTAP 7.3.x and Data ONTAP 8.0.x
operating systems
To configure SSH 2.0:system> secureadmin setup ssh
Follow the wizard and enter a host key of 768 bits. Wait for a syslog message that indicates that SSH is set up.system> secureadmin enable ssh2
Host keys are found where indicated: RSA key: /etc/sshd/ssh_host_rsa_key DSA key: /etc/sshd/ssh_host_dsa_key
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SECURE SOCKETS LAYER
Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is an industry-accepted method to encrypt communication between an adminhost
and a storage system.
SSL uses a certificate to provide a secure connection between the storage system and a Web browser. Two
types of certificates are used: a self-signed certificate and a certificate-authority-signed certificate.
Self-signed certificate: A certificate that is generated by the Data ONTAP operating system. Self-signed certificates can be used as is, but they are less secure than certificate-authority-signed certificates because
the browser has no way of verifying the signer of the certificate. This means that the system could be
spoofed by an unauthorized server.
Certificate-authority-signed certificate: A certificate-authority-signed certificate is a self-signed certificate that is sent to a certificate authority to be signed. The advantage of a certificate-authority-
signed certificate is that it verifies to the browser that the system is the system to which the client
intended to connect.
The Data ONTAP 8.0 operating system comes with SSL enabled by default. However, if you upgrade,
NetApp strongly recommends that you configure the protocol.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Secure Sockets Layer
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL): Uses a certificate to provide a secure connection between the
storage system and a Web browser Can use either of two types of certificates Self-signed certificate Certificate-authority-signed certificate
To configure a self-signed certificate SSL:system> secureadmin setup ssl
Enter country, state, locality, organization, unit, common, e-mail, days until expiration, and key length.
The certificate is created in the /etc/keymgr directory. A self-signed certificate is called secureadmin.der.
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SECURE SOCKETS LAYER CONFIGURATION
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Secure Sockets Layer Configuration
To configure a certificate-authority-signed certificate SSL:system> secureadmin addcert ssl directory_path
For directory_path enter the full path: /etc/tempdir/secureadmin.pem /
The certificate is created in the /etc/keymgr directory/ A certificate-authority-signed certificate is called
secureadmin.pem/
To enable SSL:system> secureadmin enable ssl
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WORKING WITH THE CLI
The Data ONTAP operating system provides shortcuts that make it easier for you to work with the CLI.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Working with the CLI
Move the cursor right one position
Move the cursor left one position
Move the cursor to the beginning of the line
Delete all characters from the cursor to the end
Delete the character to the left of the cursor
Delete the line
Delete a word
Reprint the line
Ctrl-F or the Right arrow key
Ctrl-B or the Left arrow key
Ctrl-A
Ctrl-K
Ctrl-H
Ctrl-U
Ctrl-W
Ctrl-R
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COMMAND-LINE PRIVILEGES
The Data ONTAP operating system provides two sets of commands that are based on privilege level:
administrative and advanced. Use the priv command to set the privilege level.
The administrative level provides access to commands that are sufficient for managing your storage system.
The advanced level provides access to these same administrative commands, plus additional troubleshooting
commands.
Advanced-level commands should only be used with the guidance of NetApp technical support. When you
use advanced-level commands, the following warning is displayed:
Warning: These advanced commands are potentially dangerous; use them only when directed to do so by NetApp personnel.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Command-Line Privileges
The CLI has two modes: Administrative priv set or priv set admin Represented by system>
Advanced priv set advanced
Represented by system*>
Use advanced commands only under the direction of NetApp personnel.
system> priv set advanced
Warning: These advanced commands are potentially
dangerous; use them only when directed to do so
by NetApp personnel.
system*>
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BASIC ADMINISTRATION COMMANDS
At the normal administration privilege level, entering a question mark at the command line displays the
commands that are available to the system administrator for disk management, networking and system
management, physical and virtual interface configuration, and related tasks.
Some commands are simple, some use arguments, and some perform an obvious function, such as backup,
ping, or help.
Type help command_name on the command line to display a brief description of the command. Type only
command_name on the command line to display the full syntax of the command and any arguments that it
takes.
Data ONTAP 8.0.1 7-Mode example is shown.
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Basic Administration Commands
system> ?
? fpolicy nfsstat smtape
acpadmin fsecurity nis snap
aggr ftp options snaplock
arp halt orouted snapmirror
backup help partner snapvault
bmc hostname passwd snmp
cdpd httpstat ping software
cf ide_savecore ping6 source
charmap ifconfig pktt sp
cifs ifgrp portset stats
clone ifstat priority storage
config igroup priv sysconfig
date ipsec qtree sysstat
dcb ipspace quota timezone
df iscsi radius traceroute
disk key_manager rdate traceroute6
disk_fw_update keymgr rdfile ups
dns license reallocate uptime
download lock reboot useradmin
du logger restore version
dump logout rlm vfiler
echo lun route vlan
ems man routed vmservices
environment maxfiles rshstat vol
exportfs mt sasadmin vscan
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ADVANCED PRIVILEGE COMMANDS
In privileged mode, you can use advanced commands that provide more control and access to the storage
system. In some cases, more arguments or options are available for a given command when you are in
privileged mode. These commands are potentially dangerous and should be used only by knowledgeable
personnel.
To access the advanced commands, enter priv set advanced. Typing this command enables advanced
privileges and changes the command line prompt by appending an asterisk (*).
To return to basic administration mode, enter priv set admin. Some administration commands that are
considered advanced are also available in the basic administration mode, but they are hidden and do not
appear when you enter the help command from the basic administration mode.
Data ONTAP 8.0.1 7-Mode example is shown.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
system*> ?
/etc/rmt hostname nv8 showfh
? httpstat ontapi showfh4
acorn ic options sis
acpadmin ide_savecore orouted sldiag
aggr ifconfig panic sm_mon
arp ifgrp partner sm_mon_old
availtime ifinfo passwd sm_not
backup ifstat perf smb_hist
blink_off igroup ping smtape
blink_on incpy_cmd ping6 snap
bmc inodepath pktt snaplock
bootfs ipsec portset snapmirror
bringhome ipspace priority snapvault
cdpd iscsi priv snmp
cf java ps software
charmap key_manager qtree source
cifs keymgr quota sp
clone led_off radius statit
com led_off_all rc_loop stats
config led_on rc_loop_check storage
date led_on_all rdate stty
dcb led_on_off rdfile sysconfig
dd led_reset_all reallocate syslog
df led_test reboot sysstat
disk led_test_one registry systemshell
Advanced Privilege Commands
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GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACES
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Graphical
User Interfaces
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GUIS USED TO MANAGE STORAGE SYSTEMS
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GUIs Used to Manage Storage Systems
A storage system can be managed throughvarious GUIs: NetApp System Manager NetApp Operations Manager (formerly
DataFabric Manager) Microsoft Windows interfaces, such as
Computer Management for certain CIFS functionality
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NETAPP SYSTEM MANAGER 1.1
NetApp System Manager provides comprehensive management and the ability to manage one or more arrays
through a simple, easy-to-use, intuitive UI.
NetApp System Manager is a Microsoft Management Console (MMC) 3.0 Windows application that supports
discovery, set up, Fibre Channel (FC), iSCSI, CIFS, NFS, deduplication, provisioning, thin provisioning,
Snapshot technology, and configuration management of multiple NetApp storage systems from a single UI.
To learn more, go to the NetApp Support site.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp System Manager 1.1
Enables: Quick setup Easy management of NetApp storage
Requires: Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows Server
2003, or Windows Server 2008 Microsoft Management Console (MMC) 3.0 Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0
Supports: The Data ONTAP 7.2.3 and later operating systems Current storage systems
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NetApp System
Manager 1.1
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NETAPP SYSTEM MANAGER FEATURES
NetApp System Manager 1.1 is the first release of this product to support the Data ONTAP 8.0 7-Mode
operating system. NetApp System Manager includes these features:
Seamless Windows integration: Integrates seamlessly into your management environment through the MMC.
Discovery and setup of storage systems: Enables you to quickly discover a storage system or a high-availability (HA) configuration on a network subnet. You can easily set up a new system and configure it
for storage.
iSCSI and FC: Manages iSCSI and FC protocol services for exporting data to host systems. SAN provisioning: Provides a workflow for LUN provisioning, as well as simple aggregate and
FlexVol creation.
Network-attached storage (NAS) provisioning: Provides a unified workflow for CIFS and NFS provisioning, as well as management of shares and exports.
Management of storage systems: Provides ongoing management of your storage system or HA configuration.
Streamlined HA configuration management: Provides combined setup for HA configuration of NetApp systems, logical grouping and management of such a configuration in the console or navigation
tree, and common configuration changes for both systems in an HA configuration.
Systray (Windows notification area): Provides real-time monitoring and notification of key health-related events for a NetApp system.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp System Manager Features
Windows integration Discovery and setup
of storage systems NAS provisioning LUN provisioning CIFS and NFS configuration ISCSI and Fibre Channel (FC) configuration Management of storage systems Streamlined HA pair configuration Windows system tray notification
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ASSIGNING A SYSTEM TO BE MANAGED
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Assigning a System to Be Managed
After installation, administrators can either discover or manually assign storage systems to be managed.
Discovery requires DHCP.
Add host name or IPand click here.
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NETAPP SYSTEM MANAGER: STORAGE SYSTEMS
Use the Setup wizard to configure storage systems. If you are not authenticated, the NetApp System Manager
prompts you for your credentials.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp System Manager: Storage Systems
Edit allows host name changes.
Setup allows authenticatedusers to configure
the selected storage.
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NETAPP SYSTEM MANAGER: SETUP WIZARD
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp System Manager: Setup Wizard
If previously configured, check OKand then click Next
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SETUP WIZARD NETWORK CONFIGURATION
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Setup Wizard Network Configuration
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SETUP WIZARD CONFIGURATION SUMMARY
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Setup Wizard Configuration Summary
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SETUP WIZARD SETUP COMPLETION
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Setup Wizard Setup Completion
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NETAPP SYSTEM MANAGER: CONFIGURATION
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NetApp System Manager: Configuration
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NETAPP SYSTEM MANAGER: DASHBOARD
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp System Manager: Dashboard
Select a storagesystem to
view details.
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NETAPP SYSTEM MANAGER: SECURITY
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
NetApp System Manager: Security
Configure SSH and SSL.
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NETAPP SYSTEM MANAGER: SSH KEYS
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NetApp System Manager: SSH Keys
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NETAPP SYSTEM MANAGER: SSL CERTIFICATE
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NetApp System Manager: SSL Certificate
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OPERATIONS MANAGER
NetApp Operations Manager delivers comprehensive monitoring and management for NetApp enterprise
storage and content caching environments. From a central point of control, Operations Manager provides
alerts, reports, and configuration tools to keep your storage infrastructure in line with your business
requirements, for maximum availability and reduced TCO.
Operations Manager is a simple, centralized administration tool that enables comprehensive management of
enterprise storage and content delivery infrastructures. No other single management application provides the
same level of NetApp monitoring and management for NetApp FAS systems storage. The detailed
performance and health monitoring of Operation Manager gives administrators proactive information to help
resolve potential problems before they occur and troubleshoot problems faster if they do occur.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Operations Manager
Discovers, monitors, and manages NetApp storage Provides maximum availability, reduces TCO, and
ensures business policy compliance
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ALTERNATIVE GUIS
Microsoft Windows Server 2000 and later, and client operating systems such as Microsoft Windows XP and
later, have a management console called Computer Management that can connect to a storage system.
Alternatively, MMCs can be used to administrate a storage system remotely.
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Alternative GUIs
MMC and its snap-ins Computer Management Server Manager (in Windows Server 2008 and later)
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CONFIGURING YOUR SYSTEM
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Configuring
Your System
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CONFIGURING YOUR SYSTEM
2011 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved.
Configuring Your System
To change the configuration of a storage system, use one of the following methods: CLI Configuration files NetApp System Manager
Steps in setting up a new storage system: Verify the date, time, and time zone configuration Set up SNMP variables to be monitored, if any Review the System Log (Syslog) Configure the AutoSupport support tool
Verify configuration: AutoSupport tool to report configurations
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CLI COMMANDS
The options command implementation is unique in the Data ONTAP operating system. If you enter just
the command, the system displays all of the visible options and their values. If you enter the options
command along with a feature name (such as cifs or raid), the system displays all of the visible options
settings for that featu