Download - Current Approaches to the Search for Life Dan Werthimer, UC Berkeley ://seti.berkeley.edu http:
Current Approaches to the Search for Life
Dan Werthimer, UC Berkeley Dan Werthimer, UC Berkeley
http://seti.berkeley.eduhttp://seti.berkeley.edu
Berkeley SETI GroupBerkeley SETI Group
David Anderson, Bob Bankay, Jeff Cobb, Charlie David Anderson, Bob Bankay, Jeff Cobb, Charlie Fenton,Fenton,
Andrew Howard, Terry Filiba, Josh Von Korff, Eric Andrew Howard, Terry Filiba, Josh Von Korff, Eric Korpela, Korpela,
Matt Lebofsky, Arielle Little, Geoff Marcy, Matt Lebofsky, Arielle Little, Geoff Marcy, Andrew Siemion, Mark Wagner, Shelley Wright, Andrew Siemion, Mark Wagner, Shelley Wright,
Dan WerthimerDan Werthimer
Frank Drake, Seti InstituteFrank Drake, Seti InstituteRem Stone, UC Santa CruzRem Stone, UC Santa Cruz
Jim Cordes, Laura Spitler, Cornell Jim Cordes, Laura Spitler, Cornell
NSF , NASA, Individual DonorsNSF , NASA, Individual Donors Xilinx, Sun/Oracle, Fujitsu Xilinx, Sun/Oracle, Fujitsu
Agilent, HP, Intel Agilent, HP, Intel
UC Berkeley SETI UC Berkeley SETI ProgramsPrograms
NameName Time ScaleTime Scale Search TypeSearch Type
SERENDIPSERENDIP secondsseconds radio sky radio sky surveysurvey
SETI@homeSETI@home mS - secondsmS - seconds radio sky radio sky surveysurvey
AstropulseAstropulse nS – uSnS – uS radio sky radio sky surveysurvey
Fly’s EyeFly’s Eye mSmS radio sky radio sky surveysurvey
SEVENDIPSEVENDIP nSnS visible visible targettedtargetted
SPOCKSPOCK 1000 seconds1000 seconds visible visible targettedtargetted
DYSONDYSON IR targettedIR targetted
Lick and Keck Telescopes – Geoff MarcyLick and Keck Telescopes – Geoff MarcyOptical SETI Survey: 650 starsOptical SETI Survey: 650 stars
Green Bank 300 foot Green Bank 300 foot telescopetelescope
SERENDIP IVSERENDIP IV
• 168M channels
• 100 MHz Band centered on 1420 MHz
Photos Courtesy NAIC Arecibo Observatory, a facility of the NSFPhotos Courtesy NAIC Arecibo Observatory, a facility of the NSF
Commensal Sky Survey at Commensal Sky Survey at Arecibo Arecibo
Data storage: NERSC HPSSData storage: NERSC HPSS
(Naional Energy Research Scientific Computing (Naional Energy Research Scientific Computing Center)Center)
The SETI@home ClientThe SETI@home Client
Volunteer Computing Volunteer Computing ProjectsProjects• AstronomyAstronomy
– SETI@home (Berkeley) SETI@home (Berkeley)
– Astropulse (Berkeley)Astropulse (Berkeley)
– Einstein@home: gravitational pulsar search (Caltech,…)Einstein@home: gravitational pulsar search (Caltech,…)
– PlanetQuest (SETI Institute)PlanetQuest (SETI Institute)
– Stardust@home (Berkeley, Univ. Washinton,…)Stardust@home (Berkeley, Univ. Washinton,…)
• Earth scienceEarth science
– Climateprediction.net (Oxford)Climateprediction.net (Oxford)
• Biology/MedicineBiology/Medicine
– Folding@home, Predictor@home (Stanford, Scripts)Folding@home, Predictor@home (Stanford, Scripts)
– FightAIDSathome: virtual drug discoveryFightAIDSathome: virtual drug discovery
• PhysicsPhysics
– LHC@home (Cern)LHC@home (Cern)
• OtherOther
– Web indexing/searchWeb indexing/search
– Internet Resource mapping (UC Berkeley)Internet Resource mapping (UC Berkeley)
Rosetta ScreensaverRosetta Screensaver
Citizen Science Projects Citizen Science Projects Thinking@home Thinking@home
• Stardust@home (UC Berkeley)Stardust@home (UC Berkeley)
• SetiQuest (Seti Institute)SetiQuest (Seti Institute)
• Galaxy Zoo (Galaxy Classification)Galaxy Zoo (Galaxy Classification)
• Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count (1900)Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count (1900)
• Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow Monitor Network Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow Monitor Network
• Clickworkers (mars crater identficiation - NASA)Clickworkers (mars crater identficiation - NASA)
• Ebird, NestWatch, FeederWatch, Urban Birds (Cornell Univ.)Ebird, NestWatch, FeederWatch, Urban Birds (Cornell Univ.)
• ParkScan (monitor San Francisco Parks)ParkScan (monitor San Francisco Parks)
• ScienceForCitizens.netScienceForCitizens.net
Stardust January 200919
Stardust (NASA)
CASPERCASPER Collaboration for Radio Astronomy Collaboration for Radio Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Signal Processing and Electronics
ResearchResearch
Collaborators Xilinx, Fujitsu, HP, Sun Microsystems, NSF, NASA, NRAO, NAIC, CFA (Havard/Smithsonian), Haystack (MIT), Caltech, Cornell,
CSIRO/ATNF,
JPL/DSN, South Africa KAT, Manchester/Jodrell Bank, GMRT (India),Oxford, Bologna, Metsahovi Observatory/Helsinki University,
University of California, Berkeley; Swinburne University (Australia), Seti Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara;
University of California, Los Angeles; CNRS (France), University of Maryland
Nancay Observatory, Univerity of Cape Town (South Africa), ASTRON (Netherlands), Academica Sinica (Taiwan), Cambridge,
Brigham Young University, Rhodes University (South Africa)
24
The Search for microsecond pulses at Arecibo and the Allen Telescope Array
Geoff Bower, Griffin Foster, Eric Korpela, Peter Geoff Bower, Griffin Foster, Eric Korpela, Peter McMahon,McMahon,
Andrew Siemion, Joeri van Leeuwen, Josh Von Korff, Andrew Siemion, Joeri van Leeuwen, Josh Von Korff, Mark Wagner, Dan Werthimer, and the ATA staff Mark Wagner, Dan Werthimer, and the ATA staff
Crab Giant Pulse DetectionCrab Giant Pulse Detection
Astropulse Volunteer Computing
uSec Dispersed Pulse Search
Did We Miss Something?
Dan Werthimer Dan Werthimer University of California, BerkeleyUniversity of California, Berkeley
http://seti.berkeley.eduhttp://seti.berkeley.edu
Likely Likely YESYES – Examine – Examine history: history:
SETI ideas SETI ideas morphing over morphing over
200 years200 years
It’s naïve to think we know It’s naïve to think we know how best to search today, how best to search today, given our history of changing given our history of changing SETI fashion. SETI fashion.
• Multiple strategy is bestMultiple strategy is best
(IR, Vis, Radio, pulse, continuous, targetted(IR, Vis, Radio, pulse, continuous, targetted
sky survey…)sky survey…)
• Half of astronomy discoveries are serendipitous Half of astronomy discoveries are serendipitous
• Examine glitches in data Examine glitches in data
• Data Mining Experiments (Virtual Observatory)Data Mining Experiments (Virtual Observatory)
OPTICAL SETI - OPTICAL SETI - Example of anthropomorphic SETI Example of anthropomorphic SETI
1961 Charlie Townes Paper 1961 Charlie Townes Paper
largely ingored until 1999largely ingored until 1999
1971 Cyclops report calculates radio >> 1971 Cyclops report calculates radio >> opticaloptical
Today’s lasers can communicate across Today’s lasers can communicate across galaxygalaxy
Traditional SETI dogma: Traditional SETI dogma:
ultra narrow band sine wavesultra narrow band sine waves
barycentric, beacons, FGK starsbarycentric, beacons, FGK stars
21 cm21 cm
Future dogma: Future dogma:
many bandwidths, frequencies,many bandwidths, frequencies,
drifting signals, pulses, IR, Visible, Radiodrifting signals, pulses, IR, Visible, Radio
M stars, galaxies, data mining searchesM stars, galaxies, data mining searches
leakage and beacon searches leakage and beacon searches
Dyson Sphere, Lagrange Point Searches.. Dyson Sphere, Lagrange Point Searches..
Geoff Bower, et al.
Pulsed Communication – Wide-open Parameter Space
Moores Law – Instruments using FPGA’s: 2X per year(1,000,000 over 20 years)
Future SpectrometersFuture Spectrometers
2015 4 THz 400 beams 10 GHz each
2020 128 THz 12,800 beams
2025 4000 THz 40,000 beams
2030 128,000 THz 1M beams
Future TechnologiesFuture Technologies• RFI mitigation (no need to go to the moon)RFI mitigation (no need to go to the moon)
• All sky - wide bandwidth telescopesAll sky - wide bandwidth telescopes
• Pulsed high QE Vis/IR detectors Pulsed high QE Vis/IR detectors
(APD’s, SSPM’s…)(APD’s, SSPM’s…)
• New Algorithms (PCA/KLT/Hoteling)New Algorithms (PCA/KLT/Hoteling)
• New Computing TechnologiesNew Computing Technologies
FPGA’s, GPU’s, Quantum Computing?FPGA’s, GPU’s, Quantum Computing?
Use Sun As Gravitational Use Sun As Gravitational LensLens• Focus at 1000 AUFocus at 1000 AU
• Read License Plates on Extrasolar Read License Plates on Extrasolar PlanetPlanet
When will Earthlings find ET?When will Earthlings find ET?
• Equal probability per logarithmic time Equal probability per logarithmic time intervalinterval
• 10% chance in 10 years, 10% in 100 years,10% chance in 10 years, 10% in 100 years,
• 10% in 1000 years, 10% in 10,000 years,10% in 1000 years, 10% in 10,000 years,
• 10% in 100,000 years, 10% in 1M years,10% in 100,000 years, 10% in 1M years,
• 10% in 10M years, 10% in 100M, 10% in 1E910% in 10M years, 10% in 100M, 10% in 1E9
• 10% never10% never
SETI HAIKUSETI HAIKU
Searching for lifeSearching for lifeAnswers are revealedAnswers are revealedAbout ourselvesAbout ourselves
Paula Cook, Duke UniversityPaula Cook, Duke University
One million earthlingsOne million earthlingsBounded by optimismBounded by optimismLeave their PC’s onLeave their PC’s on
Dan SeidnerDan Seidner
To Learn More about SETITo Learn More about SETI
or Participate in SETI@homeor Participate in SETI@home
or Vote for Who Won or Vote for Who Won
““the Great Debate – the Great Debate –
Are We Alone?” Are We Alone?”
Dan Werthimer vs. Prof. Geoff MarcyDan Werthimer vs. Prof. Geoff Marcy
SETI.berkeley.edSETI.berkeley.eduu
Future SETI – whats neededFuture SETI – whats needed
• Public InterestPublic Interest
• Scientific Literacy Scientific Literacy
• Funding - Private, Industry, GovernmentFunding - Private, Industry, Government
• SETI experts (student SETI researchers)SETI experts (student SETI researchers)
• New Instruments New Instruments
(telescopes, signal processing)(telescopes, signal processing)
Gaussian CandidatesGaussian Candidates
Web site: 2 million hits/dayWeb site: 2 million hits/day 200,000 visitors/day 200,000 visitors/day
(stats & games popular; science less (stats & games popular; science less
popular)popular)
100,000 children, families100,000 children, families (including congress members and their kids)(including congress members and their kids)
> 7,000 schools> 7,000 schools
Desired SKA ParametersDesired SKA Parameters
• Wide bandwidthWide bandwidth
• 1 M beams1 M beams
• fat beamsfat beams
• short dwell times (~ 100 seconds)short dwell times (~ 100 seconds)
Search for Optical/Radio Signals from Dyson Sphere Candidates|
Charlie Conroy
• Looked for IR excess from >500 stars
• All stars had age > 1 Gigayear
• 33 stars found with 12m excess
• Searched for anomalous radio detection using SETI@home and SERENDIP IV databases
• Searched for optical pulse emission using OSETI experiment
• Thus far, none of the 33 sources have shown anomalous optical or radio emission
Color excess using 2MASS K band data and 12, 25, 60, & 100 micron IRAS data. An excess at K-[12] is clearly visible and disappears by K-[25]. Dotted lines are Gaussian fits to the distributions. The 33 IR excess candidates have K-[12] > 3 above the mean.