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Introduction
Tropical and subtropical plants grow in tropical jungles
around the world. These plants often produce stunning
blooms in a range of colors, and bring a unique and exotic
feel to their growing environment. Although they hail from
moist areas, many tropical and subtropical plants require
warmth more than moisture. Some species of tropical plants
are therefore quite easy to grow in warm, non tropical areas.
One of the great characteristics of tropical plants is that they
keep growing all season. There are thousands of tropical and
subtropical fruits and flowers. The tropics have the capacity
to produce large quantities of fruit and international trade is
adding new kinds as rapid shipment possibilities increase.
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Some tropical fruits such as the banana, mango and
pineapple are now as familiar as the apple and pear in
temperate regions. Other examples of tropical fruits are
grape, papaya, litchi, guava, coconut etc. In comparison with
fruits of temperate regions, many tropical species have been
much neglected in international markets. Citrus cultivation
is carried out on a large scale. Citrus is grown worldwide
although they are tropical plants so that most of the
commercial groves are in subtropical regions. It is usually
grown at sea level where sufficient moisture is readily
available, or under irrigation. Any well drained soil, except an
extremely sandy one, is suitable. The fruits ripen at different
times of the year depending on the species and variety.
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There are various kind of tropical flowers; Aster
(Callistephus chinensis), Jasmine (Jasminum sp.),
Calendula (Calendula officinalis), Carnation (Dianthus
caryophyllus), Lily (Lilium spp.), Narcissus (Narcissus spp.),
Orchids and many more. Flowers require sincere, patient,
soft, affectionate as well as expert handling. Most
houseplants are tropical plants. That’s why they do so well
indoors, at temperature levels humans find comfortable in
their homes, around 60 F to 90 F. More technically,
tropical plants are defined as all vegetation growing in a wide
band around the equator between the Tropic of Cancer and
the Tropic of Capricorn. Just north and south of that band
are the subtropical areas, also rich in plants of interest to
our group.
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Market Outlook
India is the second largest producer of fruits in the world with
an annual production of 81.2 million tonnes contributing
12.6% of world fruit production next only to China (21.2%).
Of late, with growing population and realization of
commercial and nutritional values, the demand and
requirement for fruits has increased manifold globally and so
is in India. Since then, India has managed a steady growth in
area expansion and production of fruits.
Global tropical fruit imports for the past decade and a half
have netted more than US$2.2 billion.
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Production Share of Major Fruit Crops in India
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Mango (Mangifera indica Linn) is the most important fruit
of India and is known as “King of fruits”. The fruit is
cultivated in the largest area i.e. 2,312 thousand ha and
the production is around 15.03 million tons, contributing
40.48% of the total world production of mango.
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This book basically deals with seed propagation extraction
and handling, effect of seed treatment and temperature on
germination, vegetative propagation, effect of rootstocks on
mineral composition, type of cutting, growth substances and
season, postharvest management of fruits and vegetables,
factors affecting postharvest life of flowers, postharvest
management of flowers, postharvest management of spices,
postharvest management of plantation crops, control of
ripening process, pelletization,
transportation, storage etc.
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Plant propagation is an important aspect of agriculture in
general and horticulture in particular. This book contains
new methods for cultivation of tropical, subtropical fruits
and flowers. The book is very useful for agriculture
universities library, consultants, new entrepreneurs,
plantation companies, farmers who wants to update their
knowledge and adopt new cultivation techniques.
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Table of Contents
1. CITRUS
• Seed Propagation
• Extraction and handling
• Viability
• Storage
• Effect of Seed Treatment and Temperature on
Germination
• Seed treatment to control Fungal diseases
• Polyembryony
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Air-Layering
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• Budding
• Methods of Budding
• Selection, Preparation and Storage of Budwood
• Time of Budding
• Age of Rootstock and Height of Budding
• Wrapping Material and Lopping
• Decline of Dudded Tree
• Rootstocks
• Suitability of Rootstocks
• Effect of Rootstocks on Tree-size, Yield and
• Quality of Fruits
• Incompatibility
• Disease and Pest Resistant Rootstocks
• Frost-resistant Rootstocks
• Effect of Rootstocks on Mineral Composition
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• Dwarfing Rootstocks
• Rootstock in Relation to Soil
• Salt Tolerant Rootstock
• Drought Tolent Rootstock
• Interstock
• Micropropagation
• Shoot-tip Grafting
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2. GRAPE
• Seed Propagation
• Germination
• Effect of Temperature
• Effect of Growth Substances and Other Chemicals
• Effect of Irradiation
• Biochemical Changes
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Type of Shoot and Length of Cutting
• Effect of Season and Temperature
• Effect of Water Treatment
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Mist and Media
• Other Treatments Influencing Root Formation
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• Storage of Cutting
• Biochemical Changes During Root Formation
• Anatomy of Root Formation
• Single-Bud Cutting
• Layering
• Grafting
• Methods
• Effect of Rootstock on Graft Union
• Effect of Season
• Effect of Growth Substances and Other Chemicals
• Stratification
• Use of Paraffin
• Other Factors Influencing Graft Union
• Storage of Graft
• Biochemical changes
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• Top Working
• Budding
• Methods
• Effect of Season
• Effect of Rootstock
• Storage of Bud
• Effect of Methods of Propagation
• Source of Scion
• Rootstock
• Adaptability of Soil and Climate
• Disease and Nematode Resistant Rootstock
• Effect of Rootstock on Growth, Yield and Quality
• Effect of Rootstock on Mineral Composition
• Incompatibility
• Micropropagation
• Anther Culture
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• Ovule and Embryo Culture
• Protoplast Culture
• Microcutting
• Growth Variation
3. BANANA
• Seed Propagation
• Vegetative Propagation
• Suckers, Peepers and Corms
• Micropropagation
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4. MANGO
• Seed Propagation
• Polyembryony
• Storage
• Germination
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Part and Age of Plant
• Effect of Forcing, Ringing and Etiolation
• Effect of Bottom Heat
• Effect of Growth Substances and Other Chemicals
• Effect of Age of Cutting, Bottom Head and
• Growth Substance
• Life of Cutting
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• Biochemical Changes
• Layering
• Air-Layering
• Etiolation
• Media
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Biochemical Changes
• Stooling
• Grafting
• Method
• Effect or Stock and Scion on Graft Union
• Effect of Season
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Anatomy of Graft Union
• Budding
• Methods
• Budding in Situ
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• Effect of Stock and Scion
• Season
• Growth Substance
• Storage of Budwood
• Anatomy of Bud-Union
• Effect of Different Methods of Propagation
• Rootstock
• Effect of Rootstock on Growth and Yield
• Salt Tolerance
• Anatomical Screening
• Micropopagation
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5. PINEAPPLE
• Seed Propagation
• Germination
• Vegetative Propagation
• Type of Planting Material
• Size and Weight of Planting Material
• Storage of Planting Material
• Micropropagation
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6. PAPAYA
• Seed Propagation
• Storage
• Germination
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Grafting
• Micropropagation
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7. LITCHI
• Seed Propagation
• Germination
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Humidity
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Layering
• Air-Layering
• Media
• Season
• Growth Substances
• Wrapping Material
• Biochemical Changes
• Stooling
• Grafting
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8. GUAVA
• Seed Propagation
• Germination
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Type of Cutting
• Season
• Humidity
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Growth Substances and Media
• Type of Cutting and Growth Substances
• Biochemical Changes
• Root Cutting
• Layering
• Air-Layering
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• Methods
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Stooling
• Grafting
• Type of Scion
• Season
• Budding
• Methods
• Season
• Rootstock
• Effect of Rootstock on Growth and Yield
• Disease and Pest Resistant Rootstocks
• Micropropagation
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9. COCONUT
• Seed Propagation
• Germination
• Time of Seed-Nut Harvest
• Storage of Nut
• Selection of Nuts
• Seed Treatment
• Raising of Seedlings
• Time of Planting
• Method of Planting
• Watering
• Seedling Growth
• Vegetative Propagation
• Layering
• Micropropagation
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10. CASHEWNUT
• Seed Propagation
• Germination
• Seedling Growth
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Effect of Ringing and Growth Substances
• Layering
• Air-Layering
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• Effect of Growth Substances
• Stooling
• Grafting
• Methods
• Season
• Age of Stock and Season
• Budding
• Top Working
• Micropropagation
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11. AVOCADO
• Seed Propagation
• Storage and Viability
• Germination
• Seedling Growth
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Type of Cutting
• Etiolation and Ringing
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Clonal Variation
• Type of Cuttings and Humidity
• Growth Substances and Temperature
• Type of Cutting and Temperature
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• Type of Cutting Temperature and Media
• Type of cutting, Growth Substances and Humidity
• Type of Cutting Etiolation and Growth Substances
• Endogenous Growth Substances
• Leaf Cutting
• Layering
• Air-Layering
• Grafting
• Methods
• Storage of Scion
• Anatomy of Graft Union
• Top Working
• Budding
• Methods
• Comparison between Grafting and Budding
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• Rootstock
• Success
• Effect of Vigour and Yield
• Salt Tolerance
• Resistance to Chlorosis
• Resistance to Diseases
• Interstock
• Control of Sprout from Rootstock
• Micropropagation
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12. OLIVE
• Seed Propagation
• Germination
• Stage of Maturity
• Storage
• Seed Development and Growth Substances
• Temperature
• Seed Treatment
• Vegetative Propagation
• Ovuli
• Sucker
• Cutting
• Type of Cutting
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Media
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• Type of Cutting and Growth Substances
• Effect of Growth Substance and Fungicide
• Effect of Growth Substances and Nutrients
• Growth Substances and Media
• Growth Substances and Cultivars
• Growth Substances and Season
• Growth Substance and Humidity
• Season
• Season and Temperature
• Season and Media
• Cultivar and Temperature
• Media and Humidity
• Type of Cutting, Growth Substances and Season
• Type of Cutting, Growth Substances and Media
• Type of Cutting, Growth Substances and Humidity
• Cultivar, Growth Substances, Media and Season
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• Media, Temperature and Humidity
• Growth Substance, Temperature and Humidity
• Layering
• Grafting
• Methods
• Rootstock for Grafting
• Anatomy of Graft Union
• Budding
• Budding and Grafting
• Rootstock
• Micropropagation
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13. SAPOTA
• Seed Propagation
• Vegetative Propagation
• Layering
• Etiolation and Girdling
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Metabolic Changes
• Grafting
• Rootstock
• Micro Propagation
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14. BER
• Seed Propagation
• Development of Seed
• Germination
• Factors Affecting seed Germination
• Seed Treatment
• Media
• Seedling Performance
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Effect of Temperature
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• Layering
• Air-Layering
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Stooling
• Budding
• Top Working
• Grafting
• Rootstock
• Micropropagation
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15. FIG
• Seed Propagation
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Type of Cutting
• Type of Cutting and Season
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Type of Cutting and Fungicide
• Microprogation
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16. JAMUN
• Seed Propagation
• Germination
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Type of Cutting
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Layering
• Grafting
• Budding
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17. JACKFRUIT
• Seed Propagation
• Germination
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Layering
• Air-Layering
• Stooling
• Grafting
• Budding
• Rootstock
• Micropropagation
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18. DATEPALM
• Seed Propagation
• Germination
• Temperature and Chemicals
• Histochemical Changes
• Vegetative Propagation
• Offshoot
• Micropropagation
19. ANONA• Seed Propagation
• Dormancy
• Germination
• Vegetative Propagation
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• Cutting
• Grafting
• Budding
• Rootstock
• Micropropagation
20. POMEGRANATE
• Vegetative Propagation
• Suckers
• Cuttings
• Type of Cutting
• Effect of Growth Substances
• Air-Layering
• Top-Working
• Micro Propagation
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21. PERSIMMON
• Seed Propagation
• Storage and Viability
• Germination
• Seedling Growth
• Vegetative Propagation
• Sucker
• Root Cutting
• Grafting
• Method
• Season
• Storage of Scion
• Budding
• Rootstock
• Micro Propagation
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22. PHALSA
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Type of Cutting
• Effect of Growth Substance and Fungicides
• Anatomy of Root Formation
• Layering
• Grafting
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23. MULBERRY
• Seed Propagation
• Viability
• Germination
• Vegetative Propagation
• Cutting
• Species
• Effect of Growth Substances and Nutrients
• Anatomy of Root Formation
• Layering
• Budding
• Micropropagation
• Ornamental Plants
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24. ANNUAL FLOWERS
• Classification
• Winter Season Annuals
• Summer Season Annuals
• Rainy Season Annuals
• Climate and Soil
• Varieties
• Acroclinium
• Ageratum
• Amaranthus
• Anchusa
• Antirrhinum
• Arctotis
• Balsam
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• Calendula
• Candytuft
• Carnation (annual)
• Celosia
• China Aster
• Chrysanthemum (annual)
• Cineraria
• Clarkia
• Coreopsis
• Cornflower
• Cosmos
• Daisy
• Dianthus
• Dimorphotheca
• Eschscholzia
• Gaillardia
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• Garden Poppy
• Gazania
• Godetia
• Gomphrena
• Gypsophila
• Helichrysum
• Hollyhock
• Larkspur
• Limonium
• Linaria
• Lupin
• Marigold
• Matricaria
• Mignonette
• Myosotis
• Nasturtium
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• Nemesia
• Nicotiana
• Nigella
• Pansy
• Petunia
• Phlox
• Portulaca
• Primula
• Rudbeckia
• Salvia
• Scabiosa
• Schizanthus
• Stock
• Sunflower
• Sweet Alyssum
• Sweet Pea
• Sweet Sultan
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• Sweet William
• Venidium
• Viola
• Wall Flower
• Zinnia
• Propagation
• Cultivation
• Planting
• Manuring and Fertilization
• Growth and Flowering
• Aftercare
• Irrigation
• Harvesting and Postharvest Management
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25. ANTHURIUM
• Climate and Soil
• Varieties
• Red
• Orange
• White
• Pink
• Obake Types
• Propagation
• Cultivation
• Planting
• Manuring and Fertilization
• Aftercare
• Irrigation
• Harvesting and Postharvest Management
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26. CARNATION
• Climate and Soil
• Varieties
• Propagation
• Growing Structures
• Cultivation
• Planting
• Pinching
• Flower Regulation
• Supplementary Lighting
• Growth Regulators
• Nutrition
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• Aftercare
• Irrigation
• Harvesting and Postharvest Management
• Harvesting Stage
• Grading
• Conditioning of Flowers
• Packaging and Transportation
• Physiological Disorders
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27.CHRYSANTHEMUM
• Climate and Soil
• Varieties
• Garland Purpose
• Cut Spray
• Propagation
• Seeds
• Suckers
• Cuttings
• Cultivation
• Training
• Manuring and Fertilization
• Aftercare
• Irrigation
• Harvesting and Postharvest Management
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28. GLADIOLUS
• Climate and Soil
• Varieties
• Propagation
• Seeds
• Tissue Culture
• Corm Dormancy
• Cultivation
• Land Preparation
• Planting
• Manuring and Fertilization
• Interculture
• Irrigation
• Harvesting and Postharvest Management
• Physiological Disorder
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29. JASMINE
• Climate and Soil
• Varieties
• J. sambac
• J. grandiflorum
• J. auriculatum
• J. multiflorum
• J. arborescens
• J. calophyllum
• J. flexile
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• J. humile
• Propagation
• Cultivation
• Planting
• Pruning
• Manuring and Fertilization
• Aftercare
• Irrigation
• Harvesting and Postharvest Management
• Physiological Disorders
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30. ORCHIDS
• Climate and Soil
• Varieties
• Propagation
• Cultivation
• Planting
• Manuring and Fertilization
• Aftercare
• Irrigation
• Harvesting and Postharvest Management
• Physiological Disorders
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31. ROSE
• Climate and Soil
• Varieties
• Propagation
• Cultivation
• Planting
• Pruning
• Manuring and Fertilization
• Irrigation
• Weeding
• Mulching
• Disbudding and Pinching
• Suckers
• Harvesting and Postharvest Management
• Management of Diseases
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32. DISEASES OF FRUITS
33. MANAGEMENT OF PESTS
• Biological Control
• Mechanical Control
• Physical Control
• Cultural Control
• Chemical Control
• Inorganic Insecticides
• Organic Insecticides
• Naturally Occurring
• Uses of Some Common Insecticides
• Specific Control Measure to Important Pests of
• Some Common Crops
• Fruits
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34. POSTHARVEST MANAGEMENT OF
PLANTATION CROPS
• Coconut
• Dry Processing of Coconut
• Copra Production
• Oil extraction
• Copra Moisture Meter
• Copra Storage
• Extraction of Oil from Copra
• Coconut Oil
• Edible Copra
• Wet Processiing of Coconut
• Desiccated Coconut
• Coconut Cream
• Coconut Milk Powder
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• Virgin Oil
• Medium/low-fat, Desiccated Coconut
• Coconut Cheese
• Coconut Syrup
• Coconut Honey
• Tender coconut water
• Coconut Byproducts
• Coconut Water
• Husk
• Natural Fibre Extraction
• Mechanical Extraction
• Arecanut
• Chali
• Kalipak
• Scented Supari
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• Other Uses of Arecanut
• Oil Palm
• Sterilization
• Stripping
• Digestion
• Pressing
• Clarification
• Purification
• Nut Recovery
• Cashew
• Cashew Nut Processing
• Shelling
• Kernel Drying
• Peeling
• Grading and Conditioning
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• Packaging of Kernels
• Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL)
• Value-added Products of Cashew Apple
• Cocoa
• Primary Processing
• Storage of Dried Beans
• Final Processing
• Press System
• Expeller System
• Chocolate Processing
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35. POSTHARVEST MANAGEMENT OF
SPICES
• Black Pepper
• Despiking
• Drying
• Drying Surface
• Dry Recovery
• Value-added Products
• Cardamom
• Curing
• Value-added Products
• Turmeric
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• Ginger
• Value-added Products
• Clove
• Value-added Products
• Cinnamon
• Value-added Products
• Nutmeg and Mace
• Value-added Products
• Allspice
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36. POSTHARVEST MANAGEMENT OF
FLOWERS
• Causes of Deterioration of Harvested Flowers
• Growing Condition
• Mechanical Injury
• Bacterial and Fungal Infections
• Plugging of Xylem Vessels of cut Flowers
• Moisture Content
• Water Quality
• Ethylene Gas
• Heat Damage
• Factors Affecting Postharvest Life of Flowers
• Stage of Harvesting
• Water Relations
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• Respiration
• Relative Humidity
• Growth Regulators
• Preservative Solutions
• Precooling and Storage
• Packing and Transporting
• Home Care of Cut Flowers
• Care And Management of Different Types of
• Flowers Loose Flowers
• Aster (Callistephus chinensis)
• Crossandra (Crossandra undulaefolia)
• Jasmine (Jasminum sp.)
• Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa)
• Cut Flowers
• Alstroemeria spp.
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• Amaryllis and Hippeastrum
• Anthurium (Anthurium andreanum and
• A. scherzerianum)
• Antirrhinum or Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus)
• Bird-of-paradise (Strelitzia reginae)
• Calendula (Calendula officinalis)
• Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus)
• Freesia (Freesia refrecta)
• Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii)
• Gladiolus (Gladiolus spp.)
• Gypsophila (Gypsophila paniculata)
• Lily (Lilium spp.)
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• Narcissus (Narcissus spp.)
• Orchids (Arachnis, Aranda, Aranthera, Ascocendra and
Epidendrum)
• Cattleya
• Cymbidium
• Dendrobium
• Odontoglossum and Oncidium
• Paphiopedilum
• Phalaenopais
• Rose (Rosa hybrida)
• Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa)
• Zinnia (Zinnia elegans)
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37. POSTHARVEST MANAGEMENT OF
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
• Preharvest Factors
• Selection of Varieties
• Cultural Operations
• Preharvest Treatments
• Maturity
• Harvesting
• Postharvest Factors
• Curing
• Degreening
• Pre-cooling
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• Washing and Drying
• Sorting and Grading
• Disinfestation
• Postharvest Treatments
• Waxing
• Control of Ripening Process
• Ripening of fruits
• Pre-packaging in Plastic Films
• Packaging
• Pelletization
• Transportation
• Storage
• Irradiation
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Niir Project Consultancy Services (NPCS) can provide Process Technology Book on
Cultivation of Fruits & Flowers(Citrus, Grape, Banana, Mango, Pineapple, Papaya,
Litchi, Guava, Coconut, Cashewnut, Avocado, Olive,
Ber, Fig, Jamun, Sweet W illiam, Wall Flower, Rudbeckia,
Marigold, Limonium, Garden Poppy, Godetia, Rose)
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Take a look at
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Locate us on
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Our inexhaustible Client list includes public-
sector companies, Corporate Houses,
Government undertaking, individual
entrepreneurs, NRI, Foreign investors, non-profit
organizations and educational institutions from
all parts of the World. The list is just a glimpse of
our esteemed & satisfied Clients.
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OUR CLIENTS
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Free Instant Online Project Identification & Selection Search Facility
Selection process starts with the generation of a product idea. In order
to select the most promising project, the entrepreneur needs to
generate a few ideas about the possible projects.
Here’s we offer a best and easiest way for every entrepreneur to
searching criteria of projects on our website
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NPCS Team has simplified the process for you by
providing a "Free Instant Online Project Identification &
Selection" search facility to identify projects based on
multiple search parameters related to project costs
namely: Plant & Machinery Cost, Total Capital Investment,
Cost of the project, Rate of Return% (ROR) and Break Even
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Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: [email protected] , [email protected]
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website : www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Take a look at NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES on
#StreetView
https://goo.gl/VstWkd
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o One of the leading reliable names in industrial world for
providing the most comprehensive technical consulting services
o We adopt a systematic approach to provide the strong
fundamental support needed for the effective delivery of services
to our Clients’ in India & abroad
Who are we?
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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We at NPCS want to grow with you by providing solutions scale
to suit your new operations and help you reduce risk and give a
high return on application investments. We have successfully
achieved top-notch quality standards with a high level of
customer appreciation resulting in long lasting relation and
large amount of referral work through technological
breakthrough and innovative concepts. A large number of our
Indian, Overseas and NRI Clients have appreciated our
expertise for excellence which speaks volumes about our
commitment and dedication to every client's success.
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We bring deep, functional expertise, but are known for
our holistic perspective: we capture value across
boundaries and between the silos of any organization.
We have proven a multiplier effect from optimizing the
sum of the parts, not just the individual pieces. We
actively encourage a culture of innovation, which
facilitates the development of new technologies and
ensures a high quality product.
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o Project Identification
o Detailed Project Reports/Pre-feasibility Reports
o Business Plan
o Industry Trends
o Market Research Reports
o Technology Books and Directory
o Databases on CD-ROM
o Laboratory Testing Services
o Turnkey Project Consultancy/Solutions
o Entrepreneur India (An Industrial Monthly Journal)
What do we offer?
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o We have two decades long experience in project consultancy and
market research field
o We empower our customers with the prerequisite know-how to
take sound business decisions
o We help catalyze business growth by providing distinctive and
profound market analysis
o We serve a wide array of customers , from individual
entrepreneurs to Corporations and Foreign Investors
o We use authentic & reliable sources to ensure business precision
How are we different ?
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Our Approach
Requirement collection
Thorough analysis of the project
Economic feasibility study of the Project
Market potential survey/research
Report Compilation
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Who do we serve?
o Public-sector Companies
o Corporates
o Government Undertakings
o Individual Entrepreneurs
o NRI’s
o Foreign Investors
o Non-profit Organizations, NBFC’s
o Educational Institutions
o Embassies & Consulates
o Consultancies
o Industry / trade associations
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Sectors We Cover
o Ayurvedic And Herbal Medicines, Herbal Cosmetics
o Alcoholic And Non Alcoholic Beverages, Drinks
o Adhesives, Industrial Adhesive, Sealants, Glues, Gum & Resin
o Activated Carbon & Activated Charcoal
o Aluminium And Aluminium Extrusion Profiles & Sections,
o Bio-fertilizers And Biotechnology
o Breakfast Snacks And Cereal Food
o Bicycle Tyres & Tubes, Bicycle Parts, Bicycle Assembling
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Sectors We Cover Cont…
o Bamboo And Cane Based Projects
o Building Materials And Construction Projects
o Biodegradable & Bioplastic Based Projects
o Chemicals (Organic And Inorganic)
o Confectionery, Bakery/Baking And Other Food
o Cereal Processing
o Coconut And Coconut Based Products
o Cold Storage For Fruits & Vegetables
o Coal & Coal Byproduct
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Sectors We Cover Cont…
o Copper & Copper Based Projects
o Dairy/Milk Processing
o Disinfectants, Pesticides, Insecticides, Mosquito Repellents,
o Electrical, Electronic And Computer based Projects
o Essential Oils, Oils & Fats And Allied
o Engineering Goods
o Fibre Glass & Float Glass
o Fast Moving Consumer Goods
o Food, Bakery, Agro Processing
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Sectors We Cover Cont…
o Fruits & Vegetables Processing
o Ferro Alloys Based Projects
o Fertilizers & Biofertilizers
o Ginger & Ginger Based Projects
o Herbs And Medicinal Cultivation And Jatropha (Biofuel)
o Hotel & Hospitability Projects
o Hospital Based Projects
o Herbal Based Projects
o Inks, Stationery And Export Industries
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Sectors We Cover Cont…
o Infrastructure Projects
o Jute & Jute Based Products
o Leather And Leather Based Projects
o Leisure & Entertainment Based Projects
o Livestock Farming Of Birds & Animals
o Minerals And Minerals
o Maize Processing(Wet Milling) & Maize Based Projects
o Medical Plastics, Disposables Plastic Syringe, Blood Bags
o Organic Farming, Neem Products Etc.
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Sectors We Cover Cont…
o Paints, Pigments, Varnish & Lacquer
o Paper And Paper Board, Paper Recycling Projects
o Printing Inks
o Packaging Based Projects
o Perfumes, Cosmetics And Flavours
o Power Generation Based Projects & Renewable Energy Based Projects
o Pharmaceuticals And Drugs
o Plantations, Farming And Cultivations
o Plastic Film, Plastic Waste And Plastic Compounds
o Plastic, PVC, PET, HDPE, LDPE Etc.
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Sectors We Cover Cont…
o Potato And Potato Based Projects
o Printing And Packaging
o Real Estate, Leisure And Hospitality
o Rubber And Rubber Products
o Soaps And Detergents
o Stationary Products
o Spices And Snacks Food
o Steel & Steel Products
o Textile Auxiliary And Chemicals
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Sectors We Cover Cont…
o Township & Residential Complex
o Textiles And Readymade Garments
o Waste Management & Recycling
o Wood & Wood Products
o Water Industry(Packaged Drinking Water & Mineral
Water)
o Wire & Cable
www.entrepreneurindia.co
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Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: [email protected] , [email protected]
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website : www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Take a look at NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES on
#StreetView
https://goo.gl/VstWkd
![Page 102: Cultivation of Fruits & Flowers (Citrus, Grape, Banana, Mango, … · 2017-04-26 · fruits of temperate regions, many tropical species have been much neglected in international markets](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042521/5f4e652bb6f9633f2c3bbfa9/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
www.niir.org
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