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Culinary Technology and Reinvention of Food Recipes
Daniel Lee danieleewww.yolasite.com
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http://impossiblefoods.com/
Recalls: Plant based hamburger
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One of the best haute cuisines in the world.
http://financesonline.com/10-most-expensive-meals-from-michelin-starred-restaurants/
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Chefs of ICE. + IBM’s Chef Watson
Computational creativity assisted innovation
http://www.fastcodesign.com/1672444/try-a-recipe-devised-by-ibms-supercomputer-chef
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Ecuadorian Strawberry Dessert (recipe created by IBM’s Chef Watson)
http://www.fastcodesign.com/1672444/try-a-recipe-devised-by-ibms-supercomputer-chef
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Indian Turmeric Paella
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This is how the system presents the recipe for Indian Turmeric Paella. You’ll see that all the big steps are there, but cook times/temperatures are fairly open for human interpretation.
Systematic View
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Food and Cooking
• An Art? • Human Cognition • Science and Engineering • Massive amount of chemical under neural
science – which cognitive computing system may play a big role here.
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Science and Cooking (How/Why/What)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ik1gpTp8OXw (Diffusion)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ix2oG-AGESU (Emulsion)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9RIS4PZ7EY (Heat)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqYNVp469HM (Fermentation)
• https://courses.edx.org/courses/HarvardX/SPU27x/2013_Oct/courseware/50464c966b36415eae961b2b244ae20f/
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Chemistry of Cookies (How/Why/What)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6wpNhyreDE&noredirect=1
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Decode the Science of Food and Then…..
• Decode and Establish Database: human flavor preferences, regional recipes, and about the chemistry behind these recipes.
• Then: (computational creativity) – Step 1: Define the problem – Step 2: Learn everything you can about the
problem – Step 3: Generate ideas to solve the problem – Step 4: Select the best ideas – Step 5: Implement your idea
http://www.wired.com/2013/11/a-new-kind-of-food-science/
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Databases • A recipe index containing tens of thousands of existing
dishes that allows the system to infer basics like “what makes a quiche a quiche”
•
• Hedonic psychophysics, which is essentially a quantification of whether people like certain flavor compounds at the molecular level
• Chemoinformatics, which sort of marries these two other databases, as it connects molecular flavor compounds to actual foods they’re in
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Computational Creativity
http://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/view_group.php?id=5077
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Stages in the cognitive process of creativity . In computational creativity, blue/gold stages may have significant human-computer interaction whereas blue stages involve autonomous computer operation.
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Computational Creativity
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mr-1JAnairs#t=30
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By using large databases of recipes, the flavor compounds in thousands of ingredients, and a great deal of psychological data on human perception, we can build up novel, flavorful, and healthy foods.
http://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/view_group.php?id=5077
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Creating Creativity:
Computers May Someday Beat Chefs At Creating Flavors We Crave
How about some chocolate drizzled over blue cheese?
Does bell pepper and black tea sound appetizing? A computer may think so.
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IBM’s Chef Watson
• http://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/inside-our-kitchen/article/chef-watson-in-the-ba-test-kitchen
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IBM Food Truck • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VejjnUDw8o
0 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yrfMcNE0y9
s • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAnJ4kauAN
c • http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/cognitiv
ecooking/truck.html?cmp=usbrb&cm=s&csr=cognitive_cooking_site&cr=home&ct=usbrb301
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Food Truck Revolution
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fjDsMg9C9es
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AI Taste+Smell to Create the next Star Chef
(Human assisted by Computational Creativity)!
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Gastronomy and Modernist Cuisine
Background introduction: Harvard’s Food and Science Lectures
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Ft0cwxjBKE&feature=youtu.be http://modernistcuisine.com/
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Egg-Drop Soup vs Poached Egg
Drop an egg into a pot of hot, still water, and you 're likely to end up with something closer to egg-drop soup than a poached egg
Stir the pot vigorously before the egg goes in , however, and a phenomenon known as Ekman pumping will gather the egg for you into a nice , compact mass at the center.
Courtesy of Modernist Cuisine by Nathan Myhrvold
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Which one you like!
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qqqG8kCeOgc/TqjgkgYJK3I/AAAAAAAAC18/rfooAGsZJpk/s1600/eggchartfull.jpg
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How to Make a Perfect Soft Egg:
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Cont. what you get
Courtesy of Modernist Cuisine vol.4 by Nathan Myhrvold
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More!
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Which one is more likeable!
Courtesy of Modernist Cuisine by Nathan Myhrvold
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Courtesy of Modernist Cuisine by Nathan Myhrvold
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How to cook this fish! (optimum: serving temp. = cooking temp.)
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How to grind herbs into powder without mashing them into a paste!
Courtesy of Modernist Cuisine by Nathan Myhrvold
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCBxGwzNhmg
Molecular Gastronomy
The application of scientific methods and tools to cooking Subdiscipline of food science that seeks to investigate, explain, and make practical use of the physical and chemical transformations of ingredients that occur while cooking
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Classical Molecular Gastronomy: Examples
• Sous-Vide Cooking – (vacuum sealed, low-controlled temperature
in an immersion circulator) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQD3os7OVIs
• Chemical/Enzymatic Cooking – Example: Ceviche
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJdYIVx_91s
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Modern Molecular Gastronomy: Examples
• Gelification • Spherification • Emulsification • Transformation
http://www.moleculargastronomynetwork.com/additives.html
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Gelification
• Gelatins: substances that when heated become a viscous liquid that recovers its original texture on cooling
• They are used to give texture to liquids by making it into a gel
• Traditionally: gelatin in the form of sheets from fish • Animal-based gelatins do not make stable gelatins when
heated • Late 1990’s: Ferran Adrià made a hot cod and black
truffle gelatin using Agar-Agar - a natural thickening agent obtained from seaweed and used in Japan since the 18th century
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kpezxm-nlsE
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Spherification
• Process of shaping a liquid into spheres which visually and texturally resemble caviar
• Developed at elBuille under the direction of Ferran Adrià • Two main methods:
– For substances containing no calcium, the liquid is mixed with sodium alginate, and dripped into a cold solution of calcium chloride
– 'Reverse' spherification, for use with substances which contain calcium, requires dripping the substance into an alginate bath (more versatile).
• Can be used to develop caviar equivalents of just about anything
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBoII-HXHrk
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Emulsification
• Emulsion: mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible (un-blendable)
• In an emulsion, one liquid (the dispersed phase) is dispersed in the other (the continuous phase)
• Emulsifiers are a must for maintaining a uniform dispersion of one liquid in another, such as oil in water
• Popular emulsifiers: soy lecithin and xanthan gum • Examples: vinaigrettes
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bd-6SgNnqww&feature=c4-overview-vl&list=PL9Vifd4YLOLJoTTOkyyeGdg6xNNsff0Oh
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdv6gPYOM8g
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Transformation
• Technique of converting a high-fat liquid into a powder using Tapioca Maltodextrin
• The powder melts in your mouth as soon as it gets in contact with your tongue.
• Examples: – Milk Wonder – Olive Oil Powder – Nutella Powder
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7fBp9DqqfA
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Molecular Recipes
• Sous Vide Egg Yolk Croquette with Gruyere Foam http://www.molecularrecipes.com/eggs/sous-vide-egg-yolk-croquette-gruyere-foam/
• http://www.molecularrecipes.com/molecular-gastronomy-restaurants-molecular-mixology-bars/
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-- More
• Sous Vide http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HokQ26SCZ5U
• Combi Steamer/Oven automatic food preparation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHQ_OwfZJH0
• Foams http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-nTMHsZhMLY&list=PL9Vifd4YLOLJNXUSn6EWMMCSHeYv8v5Il
• Liquid Nitrogen http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yktlibR7ywE&list=PL9Vifd4YLOLJNXUSn6EWMMCSHeYv8v5Il
• 3D Printed Food http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6WzyUgbT5A
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Combi Steamer/Oven • Cooking appliance that combines the functionality of a convection oven and a steam
cooker. That is, it can produce dry heat, moist heat or a combination of the two at various temperatures. The appliance is therefore fit for many culinary applications, including baking, roasting, grilling, steaming, braising, blanching and poaching. The advantages of this technology are short cooking times and a gentle preparation method, both of which lead to enhanced vitamin and nutritional preservation when compared to traditional cooking methods.
• The advantages of a combi steamer over other thermal equipment include: – prepared at the same time, each preserves its flavour, vitamins and nutritional value – simultaneous processing of different products (up to 10-12 dishes) without smell mixture – food preparation without oil, grease crust and carcinogen formation – space saving due to fcontrol of both temperature and humidity in the chamber, which
reduces cooking time – uniform preparation – no need to reverse products – if different dishes are ewer kitchen appliances – reduction of final product shrinkage losses – electricity savings – reduction of labour costs – self-cleaning
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Combi Steamer/Oven: Precision Control of Temperature/Time/Humidity
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Courtesy of Modernist Cuisine by Nathan Myhrvold
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Courtesy of Modernist Cuisine by Nathan Myhrvold
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Courtesy of Modernist Cuisine by Nathan Myhrvold