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Cooperation between PanSALB and terminology
structures
Dr Mariëtta AlbertsLexicography and Terminology Development
PanSALB
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
The Pan South African Language Board (PanSALB)
PanSALB is a constitutional body established in terms of
the PanSALB Act (Act No. 59 of 1995 as
amended in 1999)
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
The Board was established to promote multilingualism
and develop the official South African Languages, including the Khoe, Nama
and San languages and the South African Sign Language (SASL)
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
The Board operates under three clusters:
♦ Lexicography and Terminology
Development
♦ Development of Languages
♦ Linguistic Human Rights and
Advocacy
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Lexicography and Terminology Development (L&TD)
♦ Empower languages through NLUs
♦ Avail resources towards language development (terminology)
♦ Influence channels of communication
♦ Promote multilingualism in society
♦ Facilitate communication across all languages
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Development of Languages
♦ Language in Education
♦ Development of Literature
♦ Development of previously
marginalised languages
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Linguistic Human Rights and Advocacy
♦ Status Language Planning
♦ Linguistic Human Rights
♦ Translation and Interpreting
♦ Research and Development
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
PanSALB created advisory structures to assist it in achieving its mandate:
♦ to promote multilingualism
♦ to develop languages, and
♦ to protect language rights
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
PanSALB structures
♦ Provincial Language Committees
(PLCs)
♦ National Language Bodies (NLBs)
♦ National Lexicography Units
(NLUs)
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PanSALB structures
NLBs NLUsPLCs
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Nine Provincial Language Committees (PLCs) have
been established.
A PLC is a provincial structure with the aim of
taking care of the languages of that province.
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Each PLC serves the linguistic needs of the
people by determining the needs of the local speech
communities.
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
A PLC ensures language policy implementation and
practice♦ It advises PanSALB
♦ It advises the Member of the
Executive Council responsible for
languages in that province
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Provincial Language Committees (PLCs) (9)
♦ Eastern Cape PLC
♦ Western Cape PLC
♦ North West PLC
♦ Free State PLC
♦ Gauteng PLC
♦ KwaZuluNatal PLC
♦ Mpumalanga PLC
♦ Northern Cape PLC
♦ Limpopo Province
PLC
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
A PLC consists of 13 representatives
proportionally representing each language in the
province, including Sign, Heritage and possibly Khoe,
Nama and San languages
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
National Language Bodies (NLBs)
♦ The NLBs are responsible for
providing advice to PanSALB on
matters affecting a particular
language
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
National Language Bodies (NLBs) (13)
♦ IsiNdebele NLB♦ SiSwati NLB♦ IsiXhosa NLB♦ IsiZulu NLB♦ Afrikaans NLB♦ English NLB
♦ Xitsonga NLB
♦ Tshivenda NLB
♦ Setswana NLB
♦ Sesotho Sa Leboa NLB
♦ Sesotho NLB♦ Khoe & San NLB♦ South African
Sign Language NLB
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
A NLB for the Heritage Languages will be established soon
(e.g. Dutch, French, German, Greek, Gujerati, Hindi, Italian, Portuguese,
Tamil, Urdu, etc.)
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Each of the thirteen NLBs consists of 13 members from across the country representing the speech
community for the specific language group.
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
The NLBs advise PanSALB on issues relating to:
♦ The development, promotion and
maintenance of its particular
language
♦ Literature
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
♦ Spelling, orthography and
language standards
♦ Terminology development and
dictionaries
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
NLBs are the authorising structures of terminology
work in South Africa♦ NLBs are involved in the term
creation process, and
♦ in providing term equivalents
♦ NLBs verify the terminology
♦ NLBs approve terminology
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
National Lexicography Units (NLUs) (11)
Government supports the
preservation and development of
languages in South Africa
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
In the previous dispensation:
♦ South Africa had a bilingual policy
♦ Government supported two
dictionary offices:* The Bureau of the Woordeboek van
die Afrikaanse Taal (WAT)* The Dictionary of South African
English (DSAE)
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
With 11 official languages Government supports 11 national dictionary offices
11 National Lexicography Units (NLUs) were established according to the revised
PanSALB Act of 1999
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
NLUs
♦ Afrikaans NLU: Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal (WAT)
♦ English NLU: Dictionary of South African English (DSAE)
♦ Xitsonga NLU♦ Tshivenda NLU
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
NLUs
♦ IsiNdebele NLU: IsiHlathululi-mezwiSesiNdebele
♦ SiSwati NLU: Silulu SesiSwati National Lexicography Unit
♦ IsiZulu NLU: Isikhungo Sesichazamazwi SesiZulu
♦ IsiXhosa National Lexicography Unit
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
NLUs
♦ Setswana National Lexicography
Unit
♦ Sesotho sa Leboa NLU: Sesotho sa
Leboa Dictionary Unit
♦ Sesotho NLU: Sesiu sa Sesotho
Lexicography Unit
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
NLUs are governed by a Board of Directors (BoD)
♦ BoD members are stakeholders
♦ BoD employs staff
♦ NLUs are Section 21 Companies
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
♦ NLUs are situated at tertiary
institutions
♦ Within boundaries of the
geolinguistic area of most first
language speakers
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Each NLU has to
♦ Document, preserve and develop
♦ Compile monolingual dictionaries
♦ Compile other dictionary projects
that will assist with development
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
PanSALB funds
♦ The 11 NLUs on a monthly basis
♦ Lexicography projects (e.g. Khoekhoegowab - Afrikaans Glossarium)
♦ Terminology projects (e.g. Centre for Legal Terminology in African Languages (IsiZulu project))
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Relationship between PLCs, NLBs and NLUs
♦ Contact and liaison
♦ Determine language needs
♦ Language policy, practice,
implementation
♦ Promotion of multilingualism
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Collaboration between PanSALB structures and the Terminology
Coordination Section (TCS), NLS
NLBsPLCs NLUs
Terminology CoordinationSection (TCS)
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CLIENTREQUEST FOR TERMINOLOGY LIST (X)
(National project) ? (X+SL+def+10 TLs +def)⇑
HEAD OF TERMINOLOGY COORDINATION SECTION, NLS (X+SL+def+10 TLs +def)
⇑SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT & RESEARCH DATA MANAGEMENT & PUBLICATIONS(Needs assessment, determination of priority; (Print dictionary (DTP) = X+SL+def+10TLs+def)registration of project, monitoring of progress) (e.g. multilingual explanatory dictionary, Term bank, Internet)
X
TERMINOGRAPHY SECTION TERMINOLOGY SECTION(excerpt SL terms, define SL terms) (supply translation equivalents in 10 TLs)(Source Language (SL) = English) (supply definitions in 10 TLs)
(TLs = 10 Official South African languages)
X + SL + DEF ⇒ X + SL + 10 TLs + DEF
Natural Life Human & Commercial Sesotho isiXhosa Xitsonga Tshivenda AfrikaansSciences Sciences Sciences Sepedi isiZulu
Setswana isiNdebeleSiswati
CONSULTATION CONSULTATIONSUBJECT SPECIALISTS LINGUISTS (English) LANGUAGE USERS SUBJECT SPECIALISTS LINGUISTS LANGUAGE USERS
TERMINOLOGY SECTION NLS TRANSLATORS ⇔ TERMINOGRAPHY SECTION NLS TRANSLATORSc c
PROVINCIAL LANGUAGE COMMITTEES / NATIONAL LEXICOGRAPHY UNITS / NATIONAL LANGUAGE BODIES
Dr M.Alberts
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
National collaboration
♦ National Terminology
Coordinator: Terminology
Coordination Section (TCS),
National Language Service
♦ External compilers of terminology
lists (e.g. private initiatives)
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
National collaboration
♦ Advisory bodies (subject committees, linguists, NLBs, PLCs, NLUs)
♦ National liaison (Government (national, provincial, local))
♦ External bodies (industry, media, private sector, tertiary institutions)
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
International collaboration
♦ Infoterm
♦ TermNet
♦ ISO TC/37
♦ IOUTN, WBIT, IFTB, Danterm, etc.
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National and International Collaboration
Terminology Coordinator
Compilers of terminology lists or technical dictionaries Advisory bodies
External bodies making use of terminology
KEYBodies already using and providing terminology to National Termbank
Possible interaction in future
International and national liaisonDr M Alberts
TCSNLSDAC
CLTAL NLBsSAAWKprojects
HANSARD Privateinitiatives
Subjectcommittees
Linguists PansalbCEPTSA NLUs PLCs
International liaison, e.g. Infoterm,TermNet, IOUTN, WBIT, IFTB,ISO TC/37, Danterm, etc
NATIONAL TERMBANK managed by
Terminology Coordination Section(TCS)
National Language Service (NLS)Department of Arts and Culture
(DAC)
National liaison: Government, Provincialand local Departments; HLT virtualnetwork, ...
Industrye.g. Sasol
AfrilexProlingua
SATIALASA
EscomSABS
SABCMNET
News Mediae.g. papers
TertiaryInstitutions
SANDFNEC
NGOsStatutory bodies
Privatesector
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Human Language Technology Virtual Network♦ Research, coordination and
consultation re field of HLT
♦ Acquisition, enhancement and
management of digital text and
speech data for all official
languages (including SASL)
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
♦ Usage of digital text and speech
data as reusable resources for
development of HLT applications
♦ Development of open-sourced
software for natural language
processing (NLP)
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
♦ Human resource development
through HLT implementation
♦ Human resource training and
reskilling
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Research, coordination and consultation through HLT♦ Coordinated research
♦ Central knowledge base
♦ Liaison with roleplayers, stakeholders,
funding agencies
♦ Promotion and application of ISO TC37
standards
♦ Technical assistance to NLUs re hardware
and software
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Centre forHuman Language Technologies
Central planning, coordination &consultation
Digital Text and Speech CorporaAcquisition, enhancement, management
NLP Software development
HLT TrainingNLUP
CompanyA
UniversityD
NLUZ
UniversityC
GovtDept B
UniversityA
CompanyB
Resources and Expertise to feed into
NationalLexicographic
Units(NLUs)
GovernmentDepartments
HLT products fore-governance
e-learninge-commerce
Academicresearch anddevelopment
Private sectordevelopmentICT (HLT) job
creationsoftware dev.e-commerce
MEDIA SABC
GovtDept A
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Conclusion
♦ PanSALB structures are in place
♦ Good working relationship between
PanSALB structures and National
Language Service Sections
♦ Stakeholders willing to collaborate
♦ HLT virtual network office to be
established soon
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TAMA Conference, February 2003, Midrand
Speakers of the official and other South African
languages should play the bigger role:
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“They should take pride in their languages, use the
languages in various domains, and exploit the indigenous knowledge systems embedded in
these languages in order to avoid cultural stagnation.”
(Marivate 2001:5)