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Controlled Substances Act
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Drugs and Crime
A drug is a natural or synthetic substance designed to affect the subject psychologically or physiologically.
“Controlled substances” are drugs that are restricted by law.
The Controlled Substances Act is a law that was enacted in 1970; it lists illegal drugs, their categories, and penalties for possession, sale, or use.
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Controlled Substances Act
Schedule I—high potential for abuse; no currently accepted medical use in the U.S.; a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision
Examples: heroin (diacetylmorphine), LSD, marijuana, ecstasy (MDMA)
Schedule II—high potential for abuse; a currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions; abuse may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence
Examples: cocaine, morphine, amphetamines (including methamphetamines), PCP, Ritalin
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Controlled Substances Act, continuedSchedule III—lower potential for abuse than the drugs in I or II; a
currently accepted medical use in the U.S.; abuse may lead to moderate physical dependence or high psychological dependence
Examples: intermediate-acting barbiturates, anabolic steroids, ketamine
Schedule IV—low potential for abuse relative to drugs in III; a currently accepted medical use in the U.S.; abuse may lead to limited physical or psychological dependence relative to drugs in IIIExamples: stimulants and depressants including Valium, Xanax, Librium, phenobarbital, Darvon
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Controlled Substances Act, continuedSchedule V—low potential for abuse relative to drugs in IV; currently
accepted medical use in the U.S.; abuse may lead to limited physical or psychological dependence relative to drugs in IV
Examples: codeine found in low doses in cough medicines
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Illegal or Illicit?
An illegal drug is a drug that is against the law to have, use, or distribute.
An illicit drug is a legal drug used in an inappropriate or illegal way.
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Human Components Used for Drug Analysis
Blood
Urine
Hair
Gastric contents
Bile
Liver tissue
Brain tissue
Kidney tissue
Spleen tissue
Vitreous humor of the eye
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