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CONFINED SPACE
HAZARD ASSESSMENTS
Andrew Ross,
City of Vancouver
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Objectives – Participants will understand the importance of:
• Identifying Confined Spaces
• Documenting Confined Space Access and
Configuration
• Conducting Confined Space Hazard
Assessments
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Objectives – Participants will understand the importance of:
• Confined Space HA and Contractor
requirements
• Confined Space Rescue
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Hazard Assessment- What is it?
Definition:
• documentation and evaluation of
hazardous conditions
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Hazard Assessment- What is it?
• How do we get in and out?
• What is in the confined space?
• How bad is it?
• Are we making it worse while working?
• How easily could we be rescued?
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CS Hazard Assessment – the whole space
Identification
Access and configuration
Pre – entry hazards
Work task hazards
Rescue issues
Hazard assessment
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Identification
Confined Spaces need to be identified:
By signage
Or be easily recognized
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Access and Configuration - Where is it?
• Accurate description of location
– Address
– Location at address
– Floor plan
– Map
– GPS coordinates
– Photos
– Grouping of spaces is acceptable
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Access and Configuration - What does it look like?
• Accurate description of entry point and
space
– Describe area around entry point – traffic!
– Describe entry point – dimensions and
orientation
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Access and Configuration - What does it look like?
• Accurate description of entry point and
space
– Access into space – ladder?
– Internal configuration – sloped or slippery
floor
– Contents and equipment inside
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Hazard Assessment
Two Part assessment process:
1. Pre-entry hazardous conditions
2. Entry conditions and work task hazards
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Hazard Assessment
• What is the hazard? Oxygen deficiency
• Is it present? Yes - possibly
• Why (Pre-existing)?
– Sludge in bottom of chamber, bacteria can live in sludge and use up the oxygen.
– Rusty equipment in space
– Past monitoring had low O2 readings.
• How bad is it (pre-existing)?
– Oxygen deficiency hazard is high if no precautions are taken
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Hazard Assessment
• What is the hazard? Oxygen deficiency
• Is it present? Yes
• Why (work task)?
– Need torch to cut bolts off of water meter.
– Need a power saw to cut bolts off of a water meter
– Need to paint water meter with alkyd spray paint
• How bad is it (work task)?
– Oxygen deficiency hazard is high if no precautions are taken
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Hazard Assessment - Types of pre-entry hazards in
municipal CS
• Oxygen deficiency
• Methane gas
• Hydrogen sulfide gas
• Biohazardous aerosol (sewage aerosol)
• Biohazards
• Ingestion/ skin absorption hazard
• Tanks containing chemicals
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Hazard Assessment - Types of pre-entry hazards in
municipal CS
• Traffic
• Engulfment (water, sewage, fill)
• Personal confinement
• Mechanical
• Electrical
• Hydraulic
• Structural weakness
• Fire/explosion
Lockout
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Hazard Assessment - Types of pre-entry hazards in
municipal CS
• Fall
• Slip/trip
• Sharp objects
• Insects/ animals
• Noise
• Visibility/light level
• Heat or cold stress
• Radiation or laser
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Hazard Assessment - Types of hazards created by
work in CS
• Biohazardous aerosols
• Silica dust
• PVC solvent/cement
• Hot work (NO2, CO, CO2, metal fume)
• Chlorine or by-products (chloramines)
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Hazard Assessment - Types of hazards created by
work in CS
• Silicone sealant vapours (ammonia
ethanol)
• Epoxy
• Paint
• Plumbing solder
• Welding fume
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Hazard Assessment - Types of hazards created by
work in CS?
• Noise
• Structural
• Electrical (non GFCI)
• Fire
• Engulfment
• Mechanical/physical
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Hazard Assessment - Strategies
• First attempt started by non-qualified individual but checked by qualified individual
• Group similar spaces
• Group similar work tasks for grouped spaces
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Hazard Assessment - Rescue Issues
• Location
• Internal barriers
• Point of entry details important
– axis of entry
– height
– dimensions
– shape
• Difficult Space-contact Rescue service
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Hazard Assessment - Rescue Issues
• Plan for rescue before entry
• Ensure contractors plan for rescue of their
own staff they cannot rely on the local fire
fighters to rescue them.
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Confined Space contractor coordination
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5 ft
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Questions...
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Hazard Assessment – Sewer Wet well
• Oxygen deficiency
• Methane gas
• Hydrogen sulfide gas
• Biohazardous aerosol (sewage aerosol)
• Biohazards
• Ingestion/ skin absorption hazard
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Hazard Assessment – Sewer Wet well
• Traffic
• Engulfment (sewage, gravity and force main sides)
• Personal confinement
• Mechanical
• Structural weakness (ladder rungs)
• Fire/explosion (methane or dumped solvents)
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Hazard Assessment - Types of pre-entry hazards in
municipal CS
• Fall
• Slip/trip
• Sharp objects
• Insects/ animals
• Noise
• Visibility/light level
• Radiation (some sensors)
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Questions...