Download - Communication for a Digital Society
Communicating Effectively
Why It Matters
Communication is of vital importance to every
business. Employees who understand and
apply the communication process can
contribute to a more productive and
successful workplace.
Employers seek individuals who are well
spoken, possess good writing skills, and
demonstrate effectiveness when interacting
with others one-on-one and in groups.
People with excellent technology skills and the
professionalism to use those skills appropriately
in our digital society are essential to workplace
success.
Definitions
Communication is the process of using words, sounds,
signs, or actions to exchange information or express
thoughts.
Professional communication incorporates written, verbal,
visual, and digital communication to provide information
that is usable in the workplace.
The purpose of professional
communication will usually fall into
one of these categories:
Inform*
Persuade*
Instruct*
Make a request
Respond to a request
Tips for Effective Presentations
Start Strongly
Show your Passion and Connect with your Audience
Be enthusiastic and honest, and the audience will respond.
Smile and Make Eye Contact with your Audience
Keep your slideshow simple
Tell Stories
Use your Voice Effectively
Use your Body Too
Relax, Breathe and Enjoy
Pre-test
http://www.g-wlearning.com/communication/1282/ch01/pre.htm
The
Communication
Process
http://www.g-
wlearning.com/careereducation/8267/ch06/vid
eo01.htm
The Communication Process
Sender – the person who sends the message
Encoding – the process of turning the idea or message into symbols that can be
communicated. Most people convert their messages into a language of words or
symbols the receiver can understand.
Message – the sender decides the formation the message will take. They might
choose to use written words, spoken words, pictures, or other visuals such as
YouTube.
Channel – how the message is transmitted, such as face-to-face, telephone, text,
email, etc.
Receiver – the person who reads, hears, or sees the text.
Interpersonal communication is communication between the sender and one
other person
Small group communication involves 3 – 20 people
Public communication involves 20 or more people.
Decoding is the translation of a message into terms that the receiver can
understand (the process of understanding a message). The message is
not received if the receiver does not understand.
Feedback is the receivers’ response to the sender and concludes the
communication process. Tells the sender the person understood the
message.
Formal Communication
Formal communication is sharing information that conforms to specific protocol.
Protocol is a set of customs or rules of etiquette.
Formal communication typically takes place in letters, e-mails, presentations or others messages that are planned and put into words and is used for internal and external communication.
Informal Communication
Informal communication is casual sharing of
information with no customs or rules of etiquette.
Etiquette is the art of using good manners in any
situation.
Informal communication could be text
messaging, telephone calls, or just talking in the
hallway. It is necessary to build teamwork,
cooperation and rapport within an organization.
Text messaging: Informal or Formal??
Convenience, speed and efficiency have turned texting into a
primary form of personal communication for many of us. Text
messages are becoming increasingly common in business for the
same reasons.
While it’s fun and easy to send an abbreviation-filled, emoji-studded
message to a friend, the rules are different when texting clients,
colleagues and your boss.
Types of Communication
Written: Recording words through writing to communicate.
Verbal: Speaking words to communicate.
Nonverbal Communication: often used in conjunction with verbal
communication - is an action, behaviour, or attitude that sends a
message to the receiver. Nonverbal communication can be subtle,
or it can send loud messages in spite of what
is said. It communicates something without the use of oral or
written language. Even if you do not say a word, your silence
can communicate in a non-verbal way.
Research suggests that very little
of our communication is actually
verbal. In fact, about 93% of the
information we give and receive
is actually nonverbal.
So . . . sometimes . . . It’s not what
you say but what you don’t say
that’s really important!
Types of nonverbal communication:
Body language – gestures, facial expressions, posture, and other body actions. Being aware of body language is an essential professional skill.
Eye contact – looking directly at the other person while engaged in conversation, but not staring too intently.
Touch – also known as haptics communication. An example would be a handshake.
Attitude
Behavior
Personal space – the physical space between two individuals.
North Americans generally use a slightly greater distance
between themselves and others than do other cultures.
Attitude – also known as paralanguage in communication, which
refers to the attitude you project with the tone and pitch of your
voice
Example "I'm so excited." or "I'm so excited!!!!"
Positive body language:
Moving or leaning closer to you
Relaxed, uncrossed limbs
Long periods of eye contact
Looking down and away out of shyness
Genuine smiles
Negative body language:
Moving or leaning away from you
Crossed arms
Looking away to the side
Feet pointed away from you, or towards and exit
Fidgeting: rubbing/scratching their nose, eyes, or the back of
their neck
Keep in mind…
A single cue can mean a myriad of things.
For example, crossed arms falls under the category of negative
body language and can suggest that a person is physically cold,
closed off, or frustrated. It can even indicate that they've simply
had too much to eat. It's necessary to pay attention to multiple
behavioral cues as a single one can be misleading. While it will help
to indicate comfort level, to really understand why you need to
look deeper. This means paying attention to other cues as well as
their context.
Barriers to Effective Communication
A Barrier is anything that prevents clear, effective communication.
Barriers may occur in written, verbal, and nonverbal communication.
A Sending Barrier can occur when the sender says or does something
that causes the receiver to stop listening. Sending barriers can
include using poor grammar and spelling, assuming too much or too
little about what the receiver knows, speaking too softly or too loudly.
A Receiving Barrier can occur when the receiver says or does
something that causes the senders message not to be received; most
commonly being the receiver being distracted, not paying attention
or not asking for clarification if necessary.
Diversity in the Workplace
Diversity is having people from different backgrounds, cultures, or demographics come together in a group. Diversity includes, age, race, nationality, gender, mental ability, physical ability, and other qualities that make an individual unique.
A diverse workforce has many advantages including helping organizations be more creative, be receptive to customer needs, inclusive company and find new ways of completing tasks.
Diverse employees can help a company create products and services that may be new in the marketplace.
Diversity can come with challenges – special training, employees may have to adjust way of thinking and daily habits.
Culture is the shared beliefs, customs, practices and social behavior of a particular group of people.
Intercultural Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages between people of various cultures. Not understanding another person’s culture may result in the misinterpretation of verbal and nonverbal communication.
Communicative means being willing to talk to people or share information. Diversity should never be a communication barrier or create situations of stereotyping.
Diversity is not limited to people from other countries or cultures. It includes age, gender, abilities, and ethnicity.
Communicating in a Diverse Workplace
Communicating in a Digital Society
Digital communication – is the exchange of information through
electronic means. Digital communication is comprised of digital literacy
and digital citizenship.
Digital citizen – is someone who regularly and skillfully engages in the
use of technology such as the Internet, computers, and other digital
devices.
Digital citizenship is the standard of appropriate behaviour when
using technology to communicate. Good digital citizenship focuses
on using technology in a positive way rather than using it for
negative or illegal purposes.
Digital literacy – the ability to use technology to create, locate,
evaluate and communicate information. Includes using:
computer or mobile devices
software and applications such as word processing,
spreadsheets, tables, databases
using internet, email
communicating online
Ethics
Ethics are the principals of what is right and wrong that
help people make decisions.
Cyberbullying is using the Internet to harass or threated
an individual through social media, text messages, or e-
mails.
Netiquette, also known as digital etiquette, is etiquette used when
communication electronically. It includes accepted social and
professional guidelines for Internet communication. For example,
using all capital letters in a message has the effect of yelling.
Having poor netiquette can result in legal ramifications.
Slander is speaking a false statement about someone that
causes others to have a bad opinion of him or her.
Libel – is publishing a false statement about someone that
causes others to have a bad opinion of him or her.
Digital Footprint
What you post on the Internet never really goes away. A Digital Footprint is a data record of all an individuals online activities. Even if you delete something you have posted to the Internet, it stays in your digital footprint. Trail of information you leave behind . . . online.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79IYZVYIVLA&t=5s - digital dossier
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2GpNhYy2l08 – free wifi
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AU66C6HePfg
Communication in a Digital Society
Pretest:
http://www.g-wlearning.com/communication/1282/ch03/pre.htm
Intellectual Property
The Internet provides countless sources for obtaining text, images, video, audio and software. Even though this material is readily available, this does not make it free to use however you choose. Laws exist to govern the use of media and creative works. Intellectual Property is something that comes from a person’s mind,
such as an idea, invention or process; protects a person’s or company's inventions and artistic works.
Plagiarism is claiming another person’s material as your own, which is both unethical and illegal.
Piracy is the unethical and illegal copying or downloading of software, files or other protected material. Example of protected material include images, movies and music.
Intellectual Property cont’d
Copyright – acknowledges ownership of work and specifies that only the owner has the right to sell the work, use it, or give permission for someone else to sell or use it.
Infringement – any use of copyrighted material without permission.
Public Domain – refers to material that is not owned by anybody and can be used without permission. Much of the material created by federal or provincial governments is considered public domain.
Who “owns” posted content??
True or False:
When you post an image/video to Instagram, Twitter or YouTube they
become the owners of that content.
FALSE
Who Owns the Copyrights on Photo,
Video, and Text?
Whoever originally captured the photo or video, or whoever
originally sent the text. In simple terms, if it’s an original status, photo,
or video by you, you own the copyrights to it.
What are the terms?
Facebook/YouTube gets a “non-exclusive, transferable, sub-licensable, royalty-
free, worldwide license” to your content. Let’s break it down.
A “royalty-free worldwide license” means they are free to use your uploaded
content pretty much how they’d like anywhere in the world without paying
you a penny or asking your permission.
“Transferable” and “sub-licensable” means they can either transfer the license
to another entity or just sub-license it, again without your permission.
Finally, “non-exclusive” means that you’re free to license your photo to anyone
else you want. For example, just because you’ve uploaded a photo to
Facebook, it doesn’t mean you can’t share it on Twitter, or do whatever else
you want with it.
Patent – gives a person or company the right to be the sole producer of
a product for a defined period of time. Patents protect an invention that
is functional and mechanical. This means ideas cannot be patented.
http://mentalfloss.com/article/51467/19-things-you-might-not-know-
were-invented-canada
Trademark – a recognizable sign, design, or expression which identifies
products or services of a particular source from those of others, although
trademarks used to identify services are usually called service marks .
They protect taglines, slogans, names, symbols or any unique method to
identify a product or company.
They do not protect a product, only the way in which a product is
described.