Collaborative Filtering for Teaching in a Learning of 3.0
Environment
Juhaida Abdul AzizParilah M Shah
Rosseni DinRashidah Rahamat
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Abstract
Who involve?
Educators
Teachers
Interested in web application
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Abstract
diverse life styles
cultures
religion
Collaborative T & L
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Web 2.0 in education e.g. Wikis, Blogs,
Multimodal online
information
Previous studies
What to look?
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
What to look?
Knowledge repositories
Compare & contrast of Web 1.0 & web 2.0 technologies
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
What to look?
• How it could be combined with 2.0 in T & L?
Web 3.0(Semantic
Web)
• Filter out whatever unwanted and allow what the users want.
Intelligent Agents
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Introduction
WWW RS CF AHS
World Wide Web (www) search anything, anytime and anywhere without boundaries.
Recommender systems (RS) commonly used to help search the desired items,depending on the objects to be recommended; e.g. course to enrol, learning materials etc.
Collaborative Filtering (CF), a system that can find users with similar interests and preferences.
Adaptive Hypermedia System (AHS) share the same goal; personalize the materials to learners’ needs.
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Related Studies
DMT CBF C & KD
Collaborative filtering
Data mining techniques
Content-based filtering
Clustering, knowledge discovery, etc
Researches use several recommendation strategies namely:
CF
(Ghauth & Abdullah 2009)
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Related Studies
RS
Factor of limited time hinders learners from locating suitable learning information, they may end up with unsuitable material.
Nachmais(2003):
Some researchers identified these in RS & AHS, proposed some solutions to overcome the problems.
Though the technologies are personalized , improvement is necessary to suit the learners’ quality preferences and expectations.
AHS
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Table1. Recommendation strategies, input, and output of the current research
Researchers Recommendation
Strategies Input Output
Bandura (1997), Brusilovsky (2001) and Adomavicius (2005)
Data mining techniques
learner’s activities/ access history, learners rating, item attributes
related items/ documents, related links,
learning activities, courseware module
Bandura (1997), Brusilovsky (1998), and Castells (2007)
Collaborative filtering
Bandura (1997), Brusilovsky (2007)
Content-based filtering
Brusilovsky (2007), Castells (2007), Chen (2005)
Clustering, Knowledge discovery, metadata (Ghauth & Abdullah 2009)
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
What is WWW ??
Users use and navigate hyperlinks to view pages that consist of texts, images and other multimodal sources to suit their needs (Kekre, et al. 2009).
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Evolution of Web
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0PC Era
The desktop
The world wide
web
The social web
The semantic
webWeb 4.0
The intelligent
web
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Evolution of Web
source: http://hlwiki.slais.ubc.ca/index.php/Web_3.0
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Point to Ponder
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
History of Web
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
History of Web
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Web 1.0- The Information Portal
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Web 1.0- The Information Portal
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Web 2.0- The Web as Platform
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Web 2.0- The Web as Platform
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Web 2.0- The Web as Platform
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Web 3.0- Semantic & Intelligent Web
Wheeler (2009) predicted the e-learning of web 3.0 is to have at least four key drivers:
Distributed Computing
Collaborative intelligent filtering
Extended smart mobile technology
3D visualisation interaction
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Web 3.0- Semantic & Intelligent Web
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
What is Web 3.0 - based T & L?
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
What is Web 3.0 - based T & L?
WHY???
Web 3.0 technologies; (mobile learning, immersive technologies, and the semantic web are custom made for learning)
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
What is Web 3.0 - based T & L?
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
What is Web 3.0 - based T & L?
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
T & L: Preference prediction
• User-based method• Content-based
method• Matrix Factorization
Collaborative filtering
• Linear/sequential/switching combination
Content-based filtering &
Hybrid
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Collaborative Filtering (CF)
• I have watched so many good & bad movies.
• Would you recommend me watching “Fast and Furious 5”?
Content-based method (2001),
deployed at Amazon; Eg:
• to pick from my previous list 20-40 movies that share similar audience with “Fast and Furious 5”, then how much I will like depend on how much I liked those early movies.
The idea is
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Collaborative Filtering (CF)
• I tend to watch this movie because I have watched those movies … or
In short:
• People who have watched those movies also liked this movie.
(Amazon style)
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Collaborative Filtering (CF)
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Collaborative Filtering
• CF is an alternative method to rate “similar” users to predict the items that have not being rated.
Kangas (2002)
• has the control to filter out whatever unwanted and allow what the users want.
CF
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
What is E-learning Recommender Systems (RS)?
Based on other people like us;Ever heard of
“collectiveintelligence”?
To recommend to us something we may like & it may not be popular
Based on
our
history of
using
services
HOW?
Adapted from http://truyen.vietlabs.com
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Ever heard of……
• GroupLens?• Amazon recommendation?• Netflix Cinematch?• Google News
personalization?• Strands?• TiVo?• Findory?
Adapted from http://truyen.vietlabs.com
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Want some evidences?
• Netflix: 2/3 rented movies are from
recommendation• Google News: 38% more click-through are due to• recommendation• Amazon: 35% sales are from recommendation
Adapted from http://truyen.vietlabs.com
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
But, what do RS do, exactly? 1. Predict how much you may like a certain product/service.2. Compose a list of N best items for you.3. Compose a list of N best users for a certain product/service.4. Explain to you why these items are recommended to you.5. Adjust the prediction and recommendation based on your feedback and other people.
Adapted from http://truyen.vietlabs.com
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Adaptive Hypermedia Systems (AHS)
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Ever heard of Adaptive Hypermedia System?
Using a set of algorithms while interacting to the Adaptive Hypermedia system, (AHS) user can select the most appropriate content to be presented (Bhosale 2006).
Adaptive educational hypermedia tailors what the learner sees to the learner's goals, abilities, needs, interests, and knowledge of the subject, i.e.by providing hyperlinks that are most relevant to the user (Wikipedia).
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
What to recommend for T & L in Malaysian context?
A
Are these aspects fit into the Malaysian educational context? Are the teachers ready to implement in their teaching approach?
CF?
RS? AHS?
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Questions by Wheeler (2009);
• To accept or deny the use of web 3.0.
Users Choice?
• To accept the technologies.
Teachers’ Willingness?
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Questions by Wheeler (2009);
• To be autonomous learners and mind setting towards 3.0 learning environment
• & the success and failure of web 2.0.
Students’ Readiness?
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
As a Matter of Fact,
Malaysian educational system is exam-oriented (The Star Online 2006 &
Tun Hussin 2006).
Malaysians need a fresh and new philosophy in their
approach to exams (Ahmad 2003).
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
As a Matter of Fact,
A big turning point of new policy has been taken by the Malaysian Ministry of Education based on school assessment & in line with other countries like the US, Britain, Germany, Japan and Finland.
Education Comparative in Curriculum for Active Learning Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Conclusion
Future Study
The users need to be involved in a lot of
speculation in the buzz of digital and
education.
Lots of efforts into materialising the
changing for T and L to take place around the
technology.
Ensure technology 3.0 won’t do any harm to
the users.
Teachers/ educators need to discuss and
scrutinise their practice and make explicit pedagogies underpin to meet the
current demands.