Download - Coast Guard 101
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U.S. Coast GuardAmerica’s Maritime Guardian
June 2010
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A few armed vessels, judiciously stationed at the entrances of our ports, might at a small expense be made useful sentinels of the laws.
— Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the TreasuryFederalist No. 12, Nov. 27, 1787
(Earliest recorded reference to what would become the U.S. Coast Guard)
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The Coast Guard is …• Military
– One of the five armed forces
• Multi-mission– Has 11 statutory missions
• Maritime– Oldest, continuous seagoing service
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The U.S. Maritime Environment
• 95,000 miles of shoreline • 3.5 million square miles of
Exclusive Economic Zone – 200 miles out from the
coast• One of every six jobs is
marine-related • More than one-third of the
gross national product originates in coastal areas
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Maritime Transportation
• More than 90% of the world’s trade is carried on the water
• Carries 78% of all U.S. international trade
• Transports 66% of all U.S. crude oil
• Produces thousands of U.S. jobs
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Seas provide opportunities/threats• Avenue for commerce and world trade• Ability to have military power beyond
our shores to protect U.S. interests• Highways for criminal and terrorist
threats that honor no national borders
drug-smuggling submarine
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The Coast Guard is always ready to provide
• Maritime safety
• Maritime security
• Maritime stewardship
… through 11 statutory missions
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1. Ports, Waterways, and Coastal Security In an average day,
the Coast Guard:
•Provides a presence in all major ports•Does security boardings of 5 high interest vessels•Provides a waterside escort for 4 military supply ships
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2. Drug Interdiction
warning shots
off-loading seized drugs
In an average day, the Coast Guard:
•Keeps ½ ton of cocaine off the streets
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3. Aids to Navigation
In an average day, the Coast Guard:
•Services 49 buoys and fixes 21 discrepancies (such as buoys moved by a hurricane)
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4. Search and Rescue
In an average day, the Coast Guard:
•Saves 13 lives•Responds to 64 search and rescue cases•Saves $260 thousand in property•Rescues 77% of mariners in imminent danger
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5. Living Marine Resources In an average day, the Coast Guard:
•Boards 15 fishing boats to ensure compliance with fisheries laws
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6. Marine SafetyIn an average day, the Coast Guard:
•Screens 679 commercial vessels and 170,000 crew and passengers•Investigates 12 marine accidents•Issues 200 credentials to merchant mariners
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7. Defense Readiness
In an average day, the Coast Guard:
•Has 6 patrol boats and 400 personnel:
– Protecting Iraq’s maritime oil infrastructure
– Training Iraqi naval forces
– Keeping sea lanes secure in the Arabian Gulf
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8. Migrant InterdictionIn an average day, the Coast Guard:
•Interdicts 10 undocumented migrants trying to enter the United States
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9. Marine Environmental Protection
In an average day, the Coast Guard:
•Responds to and investigates 10 pollution incidents•Inspects 70 containers•Inspects 33 vessels for compliance with air emissions standards
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10. Ice Operations
In 2009, the Coast Guard:
• Performed domestic icebreaking to keep waterways open for commercial traffic
• Assisted 479 ice transits
• Enabled the transport of $2 billion worth of cargo
• Brought scientists to the Arctic to map the floor of the Arctic Ocean and for studies on polar bears, ocean sediment and methane gas
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11. Other Law Enforcement(foreign fishing vessel law enforcement)
Assisting China with fisheries law enforcement
In 2009, the Coast Guard:
• Detected 112 foreign fishing vessels illegally encroaching the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone
• Conducted cooperative patrols with China for fishery enforcement in the North Pacific
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Where we fit
Dept. of the Army Dept. of the Air Force
U.S. Navy U.S . M arine Corps
Dept. of the Navy
Dept. of Defense
U.S. Coast Guard
Dept. of Homeland Security
U.S. President
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Unique Law Enforcement Authority
• Posse Comitatus Act
– Federal law that prohibits using the
military for law enforcement
– Coast Guard is exempt
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Personnel Strength of Armed Forces
ServiceMilitary
personnel
Percent
of total
Army 558,840 38%
Air Force 335,490 23%
Navy 329,571 22%
Marine Corps
204,133 14%
Coast Guard
43,449 3%
Total 1,471,483 100%(as of February 2010)
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Our People
• Full-time– Military: 42,400– Civilian: 7,900
• Part-time– Reservists: 6,900
• Volunteers– Auxiliarists: 30,000
Our military strength – about the same size as the New York City police force
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Budget and Resources
• Fiscal Year 2010 Budget: $10.1 billion• Resources
– Cutters: 250(65 ft. +)
– Boats: 1,784– Aircraft: 198
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Current Issues
• Deepwater Horizon oil spill response in Gulf of Mexico
• Modernize business practices
• Help develop ocean policy recommendations for the President
• Help create security strategy for threats from small vessels
Small vessel attack on a ship
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Current Issues (cont’d)• Face budget challenges in a fiscally
constrained environment
• Reduce invasive aquatic species
• Replace aging assets (e.g., ships with six decades of service)
Asian Carp: a threat to the Great Lakes
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Current Issues (cont’d)
• Plan for future mission responsibilities in the Arctic
• Create a “green Coast Guard”
Coast Guard four-acre solar array field in Petaluma, Calif.
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America’s Maritime Guardian:
… In the heartland… In the ports… On the seas… Around the globe
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Questions?
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