Mohamed Keddam
September 2011
CO2 geological sequestration
In Salah Gas
Algeria
Project location Hassi Messaoud
Gour Mahmoud
Hassi R’Mel
Hassi
Moumene
Krechba
Teg
Reg
Garet el
BefinatIn Salah
14
3
3
10
10
12
30”/37 km
24”/62 km
32”/36 km
24”/13 km
32”/83 km
21
38”/60 km
32”/39 km
CNDG38”/5 km
Compression
Station
Phase 1:
Drilling of 25 wells
- 22 producers
- 3 injectors
Construction of 3 CPF
Compression Station at Hassi R’Mel
A 48” Pipeline, 460 km long
CNDG
Hassi R’Mel
Krechba
Teguentour
Reg
Reserves: 24 BCM
CO2: 1%
173 bars / 102C
Reserves: 21.4 BCM
CO2: 9.1%
325 bars / 144C
Reserves: 76.5 BCM
CO2: 8.6%
290 bars / 149C
Reserves: 45.4 BCM
CO2: 3.8%
178 bars / 108C
Phase 1
Carb.
Dev.
Key elements
Start of the Project, phase 1 November 2001
First gas July 2004
Plateau 9 BCM / year
Duration of the plateau 14 years
Duration of the Contract 30 years
Compression start up As from 2010
A multi-phase Project, of multiples fields
Investment phase 1 1.7 billion dollars
Reserves in place 340 BCM
Recoverable Reserves 232 BCM
Investment for Compression 0.8 Billion dollars
Southern Fields Production As from 2012
Estimated investment for Southern Fields 2.3 billion dollars
Total number of wells for the two phases 73
0.42
0.35
0.21
0.14
0.07
0.00
0.28
Pro
du
cti
on
(B
CM
)
12
10
6
4
2
0
8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Year
(tcf)
Production profiles
Compression
CO2 extrait du gaz
Autre CO2
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
Year
CO2 produced by source
Year
CO2 extracted from gas
sequestrated
• 0,7 billion of m3 per year of CO2 re-injected
• 60% reduction of greenhouse effect gas
• 20 Million tons of CO2 re-injected through out the
life of the project
• Analogies• Equivalent of 200 000 cars running 30 000 km / year
• 200 km2 forest equivalent
• Re-injection Capex: 100 Million
• Estimated Re-injection Opex: 10 Million/year
Some Figures
SEQUESTRATION OPTIONS
• Site choice criteria• Integrity and tightness of the reservoirs
• Sufficient storage capacity
• Good porosity
• Moderate Pressure
• Carboniferous Reservoir at Krechba• Tight reservoir and high storage capacity
• Availability of seismic data.
• Existence of exploration and evaluation wells
• A unique facility of CO2 extraction
Krechba
Inter-field
pipelines To amine regeneration
Glycol
regeneration
Glycol Contactor
CO2
AbsorberFuture
Compression
Train 2
Water contentCO2 content
Pigging
PipelineTo R'Mel
Gas
preheating
Stripper
Pigging trap FuelGas
CO2 extraction
and dehydration
Amine regeneration
CO2 to re-injection
Wells location
CO2 injection pattern
Carboniferous Reservoir
~20 metres thick
Carboniferous Mudstones
~950 metres thick
Cretaceous Sandstones &
Mudstones ~900 metres
thick (Regional Aquifer) 4 Gas
Production
Wells
3 CO2
Injection
Wells
Processing Facilities
Amine CO2
Removal
The CO2 Storage Scheme
at Krechba
Carboniferous Reservoir
~20 metres thick
4 Gas
Production
Wells
3 CO2
Injection
Wells
Processing Facilities
Amine CO2
Removal
Carboniferous Reservoir
~20 metres thick
4 Gas
Production
Wells
3 CO2
Injection
Wells
Processing Facilities
Amine CO2
Removal
Carboniferous reservoir
~20 meters
Production
wells Injection
wells
Amine CO2
Removal
CO2 compression system
parameters
CO2 Extraction from produced gas (average content 7%) using
Amine
Extracted CO2 is sent to the re-injection system
2 compressors disposed in parallel are used for the compression
of the whole extracted CO2
– Suction Pressure : 0,15 to 0,30 bars
– Discharge Pressure : 150 to 200 bars
– 4 stages of compression
– All the casings and impellers are made of stainless steel
CO2 Compression
Glycol
contactor
QR
Dew point
Glycol
regeneration
ASCASCASC
ASC
M
From
Train 2
To Train 2
To venting drum
PC
PC
Stage 4
From
de-carbonation
To CO2
Injection
wells
Stage 3Stage 2Stage 1
5 ans 15 ans
Simulation of CO2 migration
• Injection pressure limited to 160 bars in order to avoid any
risk of fracturing the reservoir
• Low absorption at the start of the project. Stimulation
required
Reservoir challenges
The experience of CO2 sequestration introduced by In Salah
Gas Project showed that:
• The solution is technically feasible
• Is Economically acceptable
• The monitoring and satellite pictures show that the CO2
evolves in accordance with predictions and simulations
• Geologically, the solution is viable
• Could be generalized, provided that there be a receiving
reservoir
Conclusion