Facilitator
Climate neutral buildings and districts – first projects
in Germany
Oliver Rosebrock, November 14, New York
Facilitator
Where are we located?
14.11.2017 | Page 2
253.000
624.000
1.250 people / km²
2.855 people / km² Germany
Braunschweig
Stuttgart
8.500.000 NYC
10.350 people / km²
Facilitator
Who we are…
14.11.2017 | Page 3
renewable energy applications
integralenergy concepts
building physics
Technology and Innovation Network MNFUNIV.-PROF. DR.-ING. M. NORBERT FISCH
Stuttgart · Braunschweig · Aachen · Shanghai · Bangkok
Steinbeis-TZStuttgart
EGS-planStuttgart
energydesignBraunschweig
Institut für Gebäude-und Solartechnik IGS
TU Braunschweig
renewable energy applications
integralenergy concepts
building physics
building services
Partner in Research + Science
renewable energy applications
integralenergy concepts
building physics
renewable energy applications
integralenergy concepts
building services
building physics
renewable energy applications
integralenergy concepts
SynavisionRWTH Aachen
TU Braunschweig
EGSplan Int.Bangkok
Facilitator
Goals of the future in Germany
14.11.2017| Page 4
electricity
consump.
– 25 %
ch
an
ge
[%]
100
80
60
40
20
0
1990 2020 2030 2040 2050
RE + 60 %
primary energy
consump.– 50 %
CO2- emission
– 80 %
2050 Long term objectives
Facilitator
Energy supply today
14.11.2017 | Page 5
PE-consumption
natural gas
PE PE
electricity
households,
trade, commerce
and services
industry
traffic
MW power plants
PE
How?
Facilitator
PE
PE-consumption
natural gas
PE PE
electricity
households,
trade, commerce
and services
industry
traffic
MW power plants
future – strategy 1 - RE
14.11.2017 | Page 6
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 7
future – strategy 2 – E-Mobility
PE
PE-consumption
natural gas
PE PE
electricity
households,
trade, commerce
and services
industry
traffic
MW power plants
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 8
future – strategy 3 – efficiency
PE
PE-consumption
natural gas
PE PE
electricity
households,
trade, commerce
and services
industry
traffic
MW power plants
η
η
η
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 9
Vision of energy supply - decentraliaztion
e-mobility
industry
non-
residential builidngs
residential buildings
district
Smart Homes
Smart
Buildings
E--
Mobility
CO2- neutral
academy
Green City
Tower
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 10
Roadmap Germany
German National Roadmap
„Energy efficient buildings and cities“
Goal:
By 2020 all new buildings are
nearly zero-energy buildings”
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 11
The road to climate neutral city districts
from buildings to districts
Leonberg
Frankfurt
Berghalde, Warmbronn
Aktivhaus+, Ffm-Riedberg
AktivStadthaus, Frankfurt
Konstanz
Schmidtenbühl
Neumarkt
Neu-Ulm
WGG, Neumarkt
EPA, Neu-Ulm
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 12
EnergyPlus SFH (2010) Berghalde, Leonberg
lighting
battery-storage
heat pump
photovoltaics
household appliances
Building Management System (BMS)
e-mobil
LED
Facilitator
EnergyPlus SFH (2010) Berghalde, Leonberg
14.11.2017 | Page 14
En
erg
yP
lus
ele
ctr
icit
y
su
pp
lyg
rid
PV
-dir
ec
t
se
lfu
se
en
erg
y q
ua
nti
ty[k
Wh
]
total electricity
consumption
total solar (PV)
energy gain
Facilitator
EnergyPlus MFH (2015) Speicherstraße, Frankfurt
14.11.2017 | Page 15
pictures to be found here:
https://www.abg-fh.com/bauen/aktuelle-
projekte/aktiv-stadthaus.html
Facilitator
EnergyPlus MFH (2015) Speicherstraße, Frankfurt
14.11.2017 | Page 16
heat pump
PV
grid sewage
PV- power
330 kWp
annual gain
300.000 kWh/a
Energy payback time
7–8 years
appartment house
74 flats
living area
6.500 m2
250 kWP
80 kWP
120 kWth
250 kWh
Facilitator
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Apr 16 Mai 16 Jun 16 Jul 16 Aug 16 Sep 16 Okt 16 Nov 16 Dez 16 Jan 17 Feb 17 Mrz 17
ele
ctri
cal e
ne
rgy
[MW
h]
total consumption pv-production PV-self use
EnergyPlus MFH (2015) Speicherstraße, Frankfurt
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EnergyPlus
PV-direct
self use
electricity
supply grid
Facilitator
Key facts for Energy Plus - residential buildings
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EnergyPlus up to 5 - 7 floors achievable
Key role: PV + heat pump + Low temperature systems
Larger thermal energy storage required
Demand site management (DSM)
Self-use of PV-electricity more important than „EnergyPLUS“
Interaction between building and grid required
Facilitator
EnergyPlus school (2015) WGG, Neumarkt
14.11.2017 | Page 19
pictures:
http://www.berschneider.com/projekte/oeffentliche-baut
en/ab-2010/neubau-wgg-neumarkt/
Facilitator
EnergyPlus school (2015) WGG, Neumarkt
14.11.2017 | Page 20
216 kWp
130 kWh
96 x 8 -12 m 4.400 m²
75 kWp
Serverabwärme
86 kWth
96 x 8-12 m 4.400 m²
130 kWh
75 kWp
216 kWp
Serverabwärme
400 kWth
planned PV: 600 kWp
implemented PV: 290 kWp
Facilitator
EnergyPlus school (2015) WGG, Neumarkt
14.11.2017 | Page 21
self use
electricity total
pv-total
fin
al e
ne
rgy
[k
Wh
]
2016
PV-direct self use
electricity supply grid
gas
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 22
(smart) single
family house
climate neutral city district
(smart) multi
family house
e-mobilitylocal renewable
energy
local storage
systems
cross-linked
building functions
Climate neutral districts
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 23
Climate neutral districts – innovation cycle
climate neutral cities and urban districts
holistic sustainable renovation of urban settlements
Integrated approach
buildings and mobility
EFH MFH
Optimization
of building operation
Building as power plant
Net Zero / Surplus energy
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 24
Climate neutrality for districts - definition
CO2 - Consumption
Fuels
Electricity
production
credits
input output
CO2 - Credits
Electricity
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 25
Climate neutrality – how?
reduction of heat-
and electricity-demand
efficient conversion of energy
Use of renewable energy
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 26
The road to climate neutral city districts
from buildings to districts
Esslingen
Campus TU BS, Braunschweig
Esslingen
WolfsburgBraunschweig
Wolfsburg
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 28
EnEff Campus – TU Braunschweig
2020: primary energy minus 40% improvement of learn and living conditions
2035: climate-neutral Campus nearly balanced CO2- footprint
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 29
EnEff Campus – TU Braunschweig
phase I – master plan
project term: 2012 – 2015
• delivery BMWi: (1,6 Mio. €)
phase II - realization
2015 – 2018
• 1,7 Mio. €
vision
04/2012 09/2015
realization
monitoring
2020 2030 2050 phase III - continuation…. ?
master plan
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 30
EnEff Campus – TU Braunschweig
TU Braunschweig
6 faculties
120 institutes
3.500 employees
19.500 students
200 buildings (80 % older than 40 years)
400.000 m² net floor area (NGF)
energy consumption
heat: 106 kWh/m²NGF a (43 GWh/a)
electricity: 87 kWh/m²NGF a (35 GWh/a)
energy costs: ca. 11 Mio. €/a
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 32
EnEff Campus – TU Braunschweig
(primary energy savings)
- 8 % building envelope
120 Mio. € (300 €/m²NFA)
> 20 a
- 14 % building services
4 Mio. €
2,5 a
- 6 % photovoltaics
5 Mio. €
10 a
- 2 % integration CHP
0.6 Mio. €
2 a
- 8 % lighting
2.6 Mio. €
3 a
- 3 % technical equipment
1 Mio. €
5 a
- 3 % area efficiency
- €
? a
- 8 % integration CHP
0.1 Mio. €
< 1 a
user information
-40 % PE
13 Mio. € invest
< 10 a amortisation time
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 33
EnEff Campus – TU Braunschweig
measures
9 PV-plants 615 kWp
3 big ventilation units
3 buildings „Verkehrsflächen“ LED-lighting
assumption 100% renewable electricity
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 34
EnEff Campus – TU Braunschweig
electricity
heat
electricity
heat
electricity
heat
electricity
heat
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 36
Neue Weststadt Esslingen
Total gross floor area: ~ 105.000 m²
residential ~ 56.000 m² ; commercial ~ 24.000 m² ; university ~ 25.000 m²
Time schedule: 2016 - 2022
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 37
Neue Weststadt Esslingen – energy concept
gas grid
Blocks C + B:
electr. grid
Blocks E + D:
H2 - Mobility,
buses
Sewage water
H2
„Second–Life
Battery“
~ 500 kWh/Block
Infrastructure
H2- / e-Mobility
Electrolyser PEMFC
Power to gas
Siemens AG; PEM-ElektrolyseurBosch AG; SOFC, Solide Oxide Fuel Cell
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 39
Neue Weststadt Esslingen – energy concept
Additional generation of „green“ electricity necessary! (CHP, additional PV area, regional production of electricity and biomethane)
resid. + commerial
~ 1.250 kWp
university
~ 1.000 kWp
parkade
~ 250 kWp
PV production ~ 2.250 MWh/a
total
~ 2.500 kWp
Electricity consumption ~ 4.500 MWh/a ~ 50% solar coverage!
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 41
Outlook: Zukunftsraum Wolfsburg H
EL
LW
INK
EL
NO
RD
ST
EIM
KE
ST
EIM
KE
R G
ÄR
TE
N
750 AU
Facilitator
Integral research team TU Braunschweig
14.11.2017 | Page 42
Outlook: Zukunftsraum Wolfsburg
Institut für Gebäude- und Solartechnik
Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre
actors/stakeholders Wolfsburg
Stadt Wolfsburg
Stadtwerke Wolfsburg
Wolfsburg AG VW Zukunftsforschung
real estate
Volkswagen Immobilien
Neuland
Institut für Städtebau und Entwurfsmethodik
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 43
Outlook: Zukunftsraum Wolfsburg
•Scenarios for a systemic cross-linked
(nearly) CO2-neutral energy supply
1. district level
2. Zukunftsraum Wolfsburg (total system)
• maximum renewable energies
• high self-use of local generated electricty
• cross-linking new build and existing stock
• linking heat-electricity-mobility
• benchmarks for CO2-reduction costs
• Know-How-Transfer for urban planning,
energy supplier, investors and planning
engineers
Facilitator
14.11.2017 | Page 44
districts: summary
City district
single
family house
multi
family house
- investigations on districts required!
- various actors and ownerships – challenge!
- more technical flexibility for cogeneration and implementation of renewable energy
- storage systems necessary
Facilitator
Thank you for your attention!
Oliver Rosebrock
Institute for Building Services and Energy Design
TU Braunschweig
+49 531 391 3598