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Climate Change and Water Management in Snow Leopard Range Areas
WWF Asia High Mountains Project
Kangchenjunga, 8586 m
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Snow LeopardsSnow Leopards live in the high mountains of:
AfghanistanBhutanChinaIndiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanMongoliaNepalPakistanRussiaTajikistanUzbekistan
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Snow Leopards
endangered with a total population of about 4000 to
7000 individuals
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Snow Leopards
Snow Leopards are solitary and primarily prey on Blue Sheep, Ibex, and Argali that inhabit alpine grasslands
Blue Sheep, Nepal
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Snow Leopards
Apex Predator of Asia’s Alpine Ecosystems and therefore are an Umbrella Species for the protection of these ecosystems
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Snow Leopards
have large home ranges that overlap international boundaries.
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Upper BrahmaputraTibetan Plateau
Snow Leopardslive in the headwaters of Asia’s Great Rivers, including the Yellow, Yangtze, Mekong, Salween, Brahmaputra, Ganges,
Amu Darya, and Syr Darya
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Snow LeopardsThreats include
• Retaliatory Killing by Livestock Herders
• Human Encroachment • Climate Change
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Some Climate Change Impacts on Snow Leopard Range Areas
• Rising Temperatures
• Melting of Glaciers
• Melting of Permafrost
• More Erratic Precipitation
• More Extreme Weather Events
• Disappearance of Surface Springs and Streams
• Degradation of Alpine Grasslands
• Declining Water, Food, and Livelihood Security
• Increased Potential Human Threats to Wildlife
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Map of <-Permafrost Zones
in Central Asia
Map of
Snow Leopard->
Range
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Some WWF Water and Climate Adaptation Actionsin Snow Leopard Range Areas
Ghunsa Village, 3420mKangchenjunga Conservation Area, Nepal
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Bhutan
Gangkhar Puensum, 7570m
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Model Climate Smart Village
Shawa Village, 2280m Lhuntse Province
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Solar-Powered Electric Fence
Shawa Village, Lhuntse Province
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India
Khangchendzonga Biosphere ReserveSikkim
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Sustainable Cordyceps Harvesting
Lachen Village, 2700mSikkim
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Sustainable CordycepsHarvesting Brochure
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Kyrgyzstan
Terskey Ala-Too, Issyk Kul Province
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Drip Irrigation
Kyzyl Suu Village,Issyk Kul Province
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Mongolia
IbexSair Mountain, 3955mBayan Olgii Aimag
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Sair Mountain Local Protected Area
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Nepal
Kangchenjunga, 8586 m
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High Altitude Greenhouses
Ollanchung Gola Village, 3180mKangchenjunga Conservation Area
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Cardamom Irrigation
Tapethok Village, 1430mKangchenjunga Conservation Area
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Cardamom
Sprinkler
Irrigation
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Pakistan
Meir Glacier, Gilgit-Baltistan
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Alfalfa Fodder Crop Planting
Hoper Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan
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Tree Planting
Hoper Valley, 2770mGilgit-Baltistan
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Participatory Watershed Management Planning
The WWF Asia High Mountains Project has also launched participatory watershed Management Planning Processes at Project Sites in:
Nikka Chu River, Wangchuck Centennial Park, Bhutan
• Bhutan• Kyrgyzstan• Mongolia• Nepal• Pakistan
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Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection (GSLEP) Program
• Launched in 2013
• 12 Member States
• Funding Partners: WWF, SLT, UNDP, GEF
• Goal: Protect 20 Snow Leopard Landscapes by 2020
• Strategy: Develop and Implement 20 Climate-smart Snow Leopard Landscape Management Plans
• GSLEP is opening a dialogue on shared environmental issues among the 12 member states
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President Atambayev, Kyrgyzstan
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Prime
Prime Minister Dahal, Nepal
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UN General Secretary Guterres
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Conclusions
• Climate change impacts are leading to declines in the water, food, and livelihood security of mountain peoples.
• These impacts are only expected to worsen in coming decades, increasing threats to Snow Leopards and downstream water resources.
• These high mountain regions are also being rapidly developed. Still, critical data gaps in climate and hydrology. CHARIS is making inroads on filling some of these.
• WWF is helping communities adapt through innovative interventions that benefit both people and local ecosystems - improving water, food, and livelihood security in the process.
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• Through the GSLEP, WWF is supporting snow leopard range states to develop and implement landscape management plans that integrate conservation, development, and climate risks.
• CHARIS and the WWF AHM Project have shown that snow leopard habitat provides vital ecosystem services for millions well beyond the remote mountain peaks of high Asia.
• We hope to make a contribution to improving water security for millions downstream who depend directly on mountain rivers for their livelihoods and economic well-being.
• Still, more effort is needed to demonstrate how upstream conservation can best benefit lowland peoples.
Conclusions
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WWF Asia High Mountains Projectwww.worldwildlife.org/initiatives/asia-high-mountains
Akshyrak Village, 3150m, Issyk Kul Province, Kyrgyzstan
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Khan Tengri, Kyrgyzstan, 6995mPhoto by Pavel Van-Yu-Tsai