Download - Clean Water Services PowerPoint Template
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2006 R&D SEMINAR SERIES
WELCOMETO THE SEPTEMBER EDITION
OF THE 2015 M&R SEMINAR SERIES
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BEFORE WE BEGIN• PLEASE SILENCE CELL PHONES OR SMART PHONES
• QUESTION AND ANSWER SESSION WILL FOLLOW PRESENTATION
• PLEASE FILL EVALUATION FORM
• SEMINAR SLIDES WILL BE POSTED ON MWRD WEBSITE (www. MWRD.org: Home Page ⇒ Reports ⇒ M&R Data and Reports ⇒ M&R Seminar Series ⇒ 2015 Seminar Series)
• STREAM VIDEO WILL BE AVAILABLE ON MWRD WEBSITE (www.MWRD.org: Home Page ⇒ MWRDGC RSS Feeds)
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Peter Schauer, PECurrent: Principal Process Engineer , Clean Water Services, Tigard, OR
Experience: Principal Process Engineer for CWS, - Heading the Technology Development & Research group for CWS- Review, planning, testing, and operational support for the CWS 4 wastewater treatment facilities including processes such as biological nutrient removal, WASSTRIP® process, struvite recovery, fermentation, tertiary treatment, ballasted flocculation and sedimentation, etc.
Process engineer within the Water Technologies Group of Black & Veatch - Wastewater treatment plan upgrades- WASSTRIP process modeling
Civilian Project Engineer for the Navy - Conducting R&D on membrane bioreactors for shipboard waste.
Education: M.S., Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, B.S., Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University,
Profession: Registered Professional Engineer in Florida
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Six Years of Nutrient Recovery at Clean Water Services
Peter Schauer
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Outline
• Background on the District and Facilities• Phosphorus Removal• Drivers for Nutrient Recovery• Nutrient Recovery System Installation• Drivers for WASSTRIP• WASSTRIP Learning Curve• Next Steps
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• Established in 1970• Sanitary sewer and Surface Water Management
provider• Serves over 530,000 customers and industries in urban
Washington County, Oregon• 4 wastewater treatment facilities• 1,000 miles sanitary and storm sewers and 43 pump
stations
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Clean Water Services
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Regional Treatment Facilities
“Summer” Limits 0.1 mg/l T-PO4 Complete nitrification 5 mg/l BOD & TSS
Rock Creek AWWTF35 mgd
Durham AWWTF25 mgd
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Process Diagram
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Phosphorus Removal
PrimaryClarifier
SecondaryClarifiers
Aeration Basins
TertiaryClarifiers
TertiaryFilters
Chemical Addition
Chemical Addition
Chemical Sludge
Chemical Sludge
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Overall Biological Phosphorus Removal
Volatile Fatty Acids
PHB
Anaerobic
Phosphorus
Aerobic
Oxygen
Phosphorus Carbon Dioxide
WaterPHB
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Primary Sludge Fermentation
System
Efforts to Optimize Bio-P Stability
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No Good Deed Goes Unpunished => Struvite
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Struvite Reactions• NH3 + PO4 + Mg + 6 H2O
NH4PO4Mg * 6 H2O ↓
• 1:1:1 mole ratio NH3:PO4:Mg
• Mg usually limiting nutrient
• pH dependent. CO2↑ = pH↑ = struvite↓
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Drivers for Nutrient Recovery
PrimaryClarifier
SecondaryClarifiers
Aeration Basins
TertiaryClarifiers
TertiaryFilters
RecycledFlow
• Recycled flow increases the phosphorus load to the process by 20 – 30 %
• Increased load can lead to process instability
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Benefits of RemovingPhosphorus Recycle
• Reduction of recycle phosphorus load
• Increased process (EBPR) stability
• Reduction in alum needed• Reduction in lime needed
• Reduction in biosolids dry tonnes
• Struvite revenue
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Phosphorus is an “Emerging Issue”
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Crystal Green®
• 5-28-0 10% Mg fertilizer
• Slow release 6 to 9 months on surface, 3 months in soil, 1 month in a river. Larger prills slower, smaller faster
• Container plants & golf courses and custom blends
• NOT A BIOSOLID. Licensed by Oregon Department of Agriculture as a fertilizer manufacturer. Not waste derived
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Anyone Can Turn Fish into Sewage, We Turn Sewage into Fish
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Durham SRF
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Water Separation
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Water Removal, Dryingand Sorting
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Silos, Bagging and Hoist
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On Site Storage
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Rock Creek NRF
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Seasonal Alum Dose
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Alum
Dos
e, m
g/L
Durham AWWTFSeasonal Alum Dose
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Struvite in the digesters- still an operational issue
• Large excess of ammonia and phosphorus exist in the digester• Magnesium is the key to struvite• Struvite is still generated in the digester and piping Lost chance to recover P Nuisance in digester and piping
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Uptake of P and Mg (& K) in EBPR
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Overall Biological Phosphorus Removal
Volatile Fatty Acids
PHB
Anaerobic
Phosphorus
Magnesium
Aerobic
Oxygen
Phosphorus Carbon Dioxide
WaterPHB
Magnesium
Release - Mg:OP ratio is ~0.3Struvite - 1:1:1 mole ratio NH3:PO4:Mg Mg usually limiting nutrientpH dependent. CO2↑ = pH↑ = struvite↓
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WASSTRIPSolution• Diverting Mg from the
digester to the Ostara reactor reduces the amount of struvite formed in the digester and increases the struvite formed in the reactor as product and revenue
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• Release rate for phosphorus is zero-order with respect to VFA concentration
• Mg : P release was consistent
LAB-SCALE RELEASE
05
10152025303540
0 50 100 150 200
Mg
per
L of
WA
S, m
g
75 mg VFA / L RAS186 mg VFA / L RAS374 mg VFA / L RAS571 mg VFA / L RAS
32
Time, min
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PILOT TEST –OPERATION
33
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
% P
hosp
horu
s Re
leas
e
Residence Time, hr
VFA/VSS < 0.013
0.020 > VFA/VSS > 0.013
VFA/VSS > 0.02
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14
% P
hosp
horu
s R
elea
se
VFA/VSS Ratio, mg/mg
Residence Time < 8 hr Residence Time > 8 hr
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WASSTRIP Installation
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WASSTRIP Installation
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WASSTRIP 2.0
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Phosphorus Release
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Phosphorus Loading to Recovery Facility
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Phosphorus Release & HRT
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Annual Struvite Production
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Tons
of C
ryst
al G
reen
Calendar Year
Annual Struvite Production
WASSTRIP Started mid-2011
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Positive WASSTRIP Impacts
• Decreased struvite production in the digesters/solids process (200 – 800 kg/d)
• Increased beneficial struvite product production
? Decreased phosphorus content in sludge? Improved dewaterability
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WASSTRIPTM ImpactImhoff cone with washed sludge shows drastic reduction in digester struvite formation
Sludge Sample prior to WASSTRIP Implementation
with 15 ml/L of struvite crystals
~60 days after WASSTRIP Implementation with 1 ml/L
of struvite crystals
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WASSTRIP ImpactImproved Dewaterability
• One aspect that may impact the dewaterabilty is cationbridging
Higgins (2014)
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WASSTRIP ImpactImproved Dewaterability
• Biological Phosphorus Removal can shift the M:D ratio
Volatile Fatty Acids
PHB
Anaerobic
Phosphorus
Magnesium and Potassium
Magnesium turns into struvite in the digester
And potassium is left behind therefore M:D ratio goes up
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Cation Ratio
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Cake
Sol
ids
%
M/D
Rat
io (K
+NH3
)/(M
g+Ca
)
M/D Ratio Cake Solids 30 per. Mov. Avg. (M/D Ratio) 30 per. Mov. Avg. (Cake Solids)
WASSTRIP Started
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Dewatered Cake
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Cake
Sol
ids,
%
M/D
Rat
io (K
+NH3
)/(M
g+Ca
)
Cake Solids M/D Ratio
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Monovalent Cations
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100
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300
400
500
600
700
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Pota
ssiu
m C
once
ntra
tion,
mg/
L
Amm
onia
Con
cent
ratio
n, m
g/L
Ammonia Potassium
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Wet Biosolids
0
1
2
3
4
5
6Lb
s Wet
Bio
solid
s Ha
uled
/Lbs
CBO
D in
fluen
t
Wet Biosolids Hauled 30 per. Mov. Avg. (Wet Biosolids Hauled)
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Polymer Requirements
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35
40
45
0
10
20
30
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50
60
70
80
90
100
Poly
mer
lbs/
DT
M/D
Rat
io (K
+NH3
)/(M
g+Ca
)
M/D ratio Polymer lb/DT
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Conclusions
• Reduction in returned phosphorus load improved process stability
• Use of WASSTRIP process increased nutrient recovery
• Shift from nutrient removal to nutrient recovery also caused a shift in the philosophy for operations throughout the year
• Improved dewaterability may occur