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Civil War Weapons
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Civil war means “war between organized
groups within a single nation state”
American Civil War broke out in late
December, 1860, at Fort Sumter in South
Carolina
The United States suffered more casualties
during this war than any other before or
since
Preface
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Developed in 1849 with the minie ball
Muzzle loading rifle (load the gun through
the barrel)
Fired by percussion lock (hammer hits a fuse)
Weighed about 11 Lbs
Accurate up to about 600 yards, and can
penetrate 4” of soft pine at 1000 yards
Minie Rifles
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Springfield Model 1861
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Loading action for Minie rifle
Unfortunate victim of Minie rifle
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Used during sieges to weaken bombardments from afar
Designed to fire explosive shells over walls of fortification to destroy buildings within
Had effective ranges between 800 and 900 yards
Many could fall within 40 yards of the target
Mortars and Siege Artillery
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Federal battery with 13-inch seacoast mortars, Model 1861, at siege of Yorktown
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Breech at Fort Pulaski
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Rail-mounted Federal mortar
Model 1841 during siege of Charleston Harbor
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Steam-propelled warship protected by
steel or iron plating
First ironclad battle was between the CSS
Virginia and the USS Monitor in March, 1862
Had the ability to ram other ships
The Monitor had a rotating cannon for 360
degree scope
Ironclads
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CSS Virginia
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Lever-action (reloaded with a lever near the
trigger), breechloading (rounds loaded in the
back) rifle
Firing rate of 20 rounds per minute,
1000% faster than most other rifles
Manufactured in the north for the Union
Army
Most powerful cartridge of any repeating rifle
Spencer Carbine / Repeating Rifle
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Muzzle loading type of artillery
The 20-pound-class size was the largest gun
used during the war
The barrel alone could weigh over 1800 Lbs, but
the 10-pound class size was used more
Could penetrate 6 inches of brick at 3500
yards away
Patented in 1861
Parrott Rifles
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“…equal to the united blows of 200 sledge hammers weighing 100 pounds each, falling from a height of ten feet and acting upon a drill ten inches (254 mm) in diameter
200-pound Parrott rifle, Morris Island, SC
3-inch Parrott rifle
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