Download - Cisco 3G small cells: products and
Cisco 3G small cells: products and architecture
Djordje Vulovic Consulting Systems Engineer CCIE #16582
Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID Cisco Public
Small Cell Market Drivers
3
Attractive
Economics of
Offload
Growth in
Mobile Data Lack of
Spectrum
Anytime
Anywhere
Access to
Data
Increase in
Indoor
Consumption
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Solving the Mobile Broadband Challenge
4
2x SPECTRUM
1.5x SPECTRAL
EFFICIENCY
6x DENSIFY
17x DEMAND OVER 5 YEARS
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
EB
yte
s /
Mo
nth
Data/Web (35%->28%) File sharing (11%->5%)
Video (52%->63%) M2M (3%->4%)
EVOLVED TECHNOLOGY
GPRS
HSPA
LTE
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
1 2 3 4
SE
bp
s/H
z
G
0
10
20
30
40
Today - 80MHz 2015 - 160MHz+
700 M
Hz
900 M
Hz
900 M
Hz
1800M
Hz
1800M
Hz
2100 M
Hz
2100 M
Hz
2.4
GH
z (
WiF
i)
2.3
/2.6
GH
z
MH
z
MORE SPECTRUM
64QAM/
MIMO
16QAM
QPSK
64QAM/
MIMO
16QAM
QPSK
64QAM/
MIMO
16QAM
QPSK
64QAM/
MIMO
16QAM
QPSK
1 km
SMALLER CELLS
Cisco VNI, Global Mobile Traffic Forecast
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Gaining Capacity: “Outside-In” vs “Inside-Out”
5
Classic “Outside-In”
Deployment
…indoor users are cell
edge users
…only 30-35% traffic
served outdoors
…cell sites are now scarce
and costly
“Inside-Out” deployment
…65-70% usage indoors
…users well served
…costs low
…backhaul/site cheap
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Small Cells: Evolving Terminology to Match Demand
6
Location >
Indoor Outdoor
Home Enterprise Office, campus,
hotel
Rural
Primary
driver >
Coverage
extension
and end user
experience
Voice
coverage
Voice
coverage
Old name >
Primary
driver >
Coverage
extension
and end user
experience
Coverage
(voice and
data)
Data capacity Data capacity Voice
coverage
New name >
Urban City centres
Coverage and capacity
Femtocell Picocell Microcell
Femtocell Metro SC Indoor
Metro SC
Outdoor
Rural
Small Cell
Before the mobile data revolution
After the mobile data revolution
Enterprise
Small Cell
SMALL CELL TECHNOLOGY MACROCELL TECHNOLOGY
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Where are Metro Indoor Hotspots
7
Restaurant
Shopping Mall Supermarket
Café/Shop
Station
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Cisco Small Cells Solutions
8
3G
Comprehensive, Intelligent 3G/LTE/Wi-Fi Small Cells
• Built on industry standards; 3GPP architectures
• Innovative features and capabilities solving coverage & capacity challenges
• Proven optimization & monetization models with robust Policy & Subscriber services
• End-to-end, validated, carrier-grade network solutions (radio, access, backhaul, core, policy/charging)
Minimize deployment OPEX with zero/low touch provisioning
Best of breed SON solution ensuring Macro radio co-existence
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Cisco Small Cells: Built on Unrivaled Expertise
9
• Most widely deployed small cells in the world
• Over 18 million Wi-Fi APs deployed, 55%+
share
• 200+ Service Providers using Cisco SP Wi-Fi
• Over 2 million Licensed Small Cells deployed
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Standards Bodies Involved in Small Cells
Mobile SP organisation defining interoperability and deployment guidelines
– Published guidelines on Femto security and broadband network reqs
www.smallcellforum.org
www.gsmworld.com
www.3gpp.org
www.ngmn.org
www.broadband-forum.org
10
Market representative organization pushing femto as the de facto solution for in home coverage for all technologies (WCDMA, CDMA, WiMAX)
3G/LTE standardization Body
– Defining standards femtocell architecture and interface for 3G and LTE
– R8 contains initial set of standards published. Follow-on functionalities being specified in R9/10/11.
DSL standardization body
– Objective is to reuse TR-069 framework for zero-touch provisioning of Femtocell Access Point. Femto specific data model (WT-196) published in April 2009
Mobile SP organization looking at beyond 3G services and architecture
– Fully supporting FemtoForum work on Femtocell for LT
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3G HNB Reference Architecture
RAN-based achitecture – i.e. connecting to existing 3G core network
Multiple access control modes – Closed, Open, Hybrid
Mobility – Full idle mode mobility support (cell
(re)selection) – Active mode mobility defined over three
releases
Security (38.200) – IPSec tunnel mode with IKEv2 for
negotiation – X.509 based authentication (SIM based is
optional and is complementary to certificate based authentication)
Provisioning – TR-069 based interface
Management (3G TS 32.581, 582, 583, 584) – Standard configuration and performance
management interface(XML based)
Refer to TS 25.467 (R10)
11
HNB GWSecurity
Gateway
HNB
HMS
Iu
HNB
Iurh
Iuh
Iuh
Uu
Uu
L-GW
L-GW
Gn/S5
Gn/S5
Gi
Gi
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3G Femtocell Functional Split
Most 3G RNC functions are moved to the HNB
HNBGW supports
– HNB Aggregation (optionally includes SeGW)
– Connectionless distribution (Paging, Hand-in filtering)
– Iuh termination
12
HNB
HNBGW
MAC MAC-hs
W-CDMA air interface
RRC Connection Oriented
RLC
GTP
CS data PS data Mgmt
Iu control-plane (RANAP)
Iuh over IP
Mgmt
Iu user-plane (CS and PS)
Connectionless handler
Whitelist Handling
TR-069
Stats File
RTP
Iuh Termination
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Iub vs Iuh Comparison
13
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Cisco Small Cell Solution
14
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Small Cell Solution (SCS) Reference Solution Architecture – 5 Key Domains
15
RMS
RAN
AP
Registration, Activation, Care: XML/HTTP
CAR
CNR
DCC
UI
Upload
Server
CMHS
BAC
Radio HW
Radio Stack
RMS Client (TR069, CMHS)
SP NMS
SP OSS
DMZ
ACE 4710
Mgmt
over
TLS
TR-069
HTTP
XMPP
AAA / RADIUS
Whitelists
Alarms
& KPIs
DHCP
SP Firewall or
7600 SeGW
HNB-GW
SGSN, GGSN
ASR5000 NTP
Provided by
Operator
PMG
SP MSC IuCS
SP SGSN or
GGSN
IuPS
Iuh, CS, PS
Iuh,
CS, PS
Over
IPSec
Alarms
& KPIs Alarms
& KPIs
Alarms
& KPIs
NMS Prime Mobility
Prime
Central
Prime
Performance
Prime
Network
Bootstrap
PKI
Cloudbase
Access
Point DMZ
Remote
Management
System Small
Cells
Gateway
ASR5K
Network and Element Management
RAN Optimization/SON
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Small Cell Solution Architecture
16
WiFi Breakout
RAN GW
Small
Cell
Provisioning / Care,
XML /
HTTP, Bulk Import /
Export, AGPS
WiFi
3G
LTE
Network
CM, FM, PM, FW
TR069 / HTTPS
HNB AAA
Whitelists
HNB-GW
HeNB-GW
SaMOG
ASR5000
NTP
S1, Iuh
S1 & Iuh
IPSec
Prime
Central
Prime
Performance
Prime
Network
SeGW
ASR9k
VSM
S1 / S2a /
STa
DHCP for IPSec
TR-069
AGPS HTTPS
IEEE
1588
Clock
WiFi CAPWAP
DTLS
CAPWAP
Over
DTLS PMIPv6
WLC
(WiFi) Prime
Infrastructure
IuCS / IuPS 3G CN
Small Cell PM Counters
PM
Manager
Platform and SC Alarms NMS
FM
OSS /
IT PKI Bootstrap
HTTP/S
LTE
EPC
Hosted
CloudBase
NMS Prime
Mobility Suite
NMS
KPI
Platform KPIs
Internet
Platform
PM / FM,
SC FM
Platform
PM / FM
Platform
PM / FM
Platform
PM / FM
RMS
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SON Capabilities of 3G ActiveRadio
17
Self-Configuring Zero-Touch Activation
Automatic Carrier & PSC Selection: choices defined by network policies but selected autonomously by small cell
Automatic Neighbour List Generation: neighbour list (both 2G & 3G) generated through initial radio environment scan
Self-Optimising Cognitive RRM Strategies
Continuous Fast Sniff: frequent single frame scan of radio environment to detect changes for responsive adaptation
Enhanced Power Adaptation: efficient utilisation of available DL power & adaptation of maximum allowed UL power to provide coverage dominance in locality of small cell whilst simultaneously ensuring served users do not interfere with surrounding 3G macro network
Self-Healing Advanced System Monitoring
Cell Faults/Outage Detection & Recovery: system watchdogs monitor cell status & responses from all internal processes. Factory recovery or soft restart mechanisms invoked post fault/outage detection
Cell Outage Compensation: quasi co-operative power setting amongst neighbouring small cells through detecting known small cells in outage (& presence of new small cells)
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Zero-Touch Activation
18
Download control & configuration parameters: From management system
Initial NWL: Scan neighbours & read SIB messages
2 (Auto) Configuration: Select carrier, code & initial power.
Populate neighbour list.
Report final configuration to management system.
3
Enable Radio: AP is ready to handle calls
4 Power Adaptation: Using UE Measurement Reports
5 6
1
Continuous Fast Sniff: Periodic interference level checks
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Key Highlights of ActiveSON®
19
Group Management
Self-Organising Network
Peer Monitoring
Seamless Mobility
High Capacity Solution
WiFi-Like Install
Small cells assigned to Group ID
Characterisation at first power-up
Small cells sense each through Network Listen & P2P on LAN
Balance power levels & coverage (with overlap)
Build small cell & macro cell neighbour lists
Network Listen & P2P heartbeats
Adjust neighbour & handover lists when units offline
Multicast of changes
Seamless handovers small cell-small cell, hand-out (& hand-in)
No-signalling idle mobility
Bridge units self-detection for “small cell foyer”
Load balancing for small cell network capacity boost
11-12 Erlang for a 16-call grid unit
Coffee cup radio planning
Wall mounted units, PoE, VLAN over Ethernet
Enable Enterprise IT personnel deployment!
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Cisco SON Differentiation
20
• Multi-vendor, multi-technology,
multi-layer Het-Net
orchestration
• Automated closed-loop
optimization
• AP SON orchestration
• Small cell/macro
integration, including
shared carrier
Quantum
SON
Quantum
SON Quantum
SON
Small Cell
SON
Cisco
Hybrid
SON
• Dynamic real-time
optimization and self-
healing
• Measurement-based
adaptiveness
• ActiveSON for peering
among small cell groups
• Scalable, simple
installation experience –
just like Wi-Fi
• Instant AP deployment with auto planning, initialization & optimization
• Enhanced mobility, reduced interference and effective macro offload
• Smart SON agent in AP orchestrated by Quantum SON
• Optimal Het-Net Quality of Experience
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Small Cell Solution Roadmap Key Themes
21
So
luti
on
K
ey T
he
me
s
Solution Releases
Integrated and Tested E2E Cisco Certified Small Cell Solution
So
luti
on
R
ele
ase
3G Baseline
Solution with
Mobility and
Scale
Baseline WiFi
Convergence
SCS 2.0 FCS: Now
Enhanced 3G
Mobility
Baseline SON
Solution
SCS 3.0 EFT: Mar 2014
FCS: June 2014
LTE Baseline
Solution with
Mobility
Enhanced SON
SCS 4.0 EFT: Q3 2014
FCS: Q4 2014
Enhanced LTE
Mobility
VoLTE
SCS 5.0 EFT: Q1 2015
FCS: Q1 2015
Shipping
Committed
Planning
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Cisco USC Product Segmentation
23
SP Wi-Fi RMS, CloudBase (RAN Management) & Prime (EMS)
Quantum SON Suite (Het-Net Manager)
Indoors
USC 3000*
Home / SoHo
USC 5000
Enterprise
USC 7000
Public Space,
Venue
USC 9000
Rural Outdoor
Power 7-13 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 24-33 dBm
Users 4-8 Users 16 Users 16-32 Users 16-64 Users
Access 3G Closed
LTE Open
3G Closed /
Open
LTE Open /
Closed
3G Open
LTE Open
3G Open
LTE Open
Deployment Single Unit 1-10+ Units 1-3 Units per site 1-5 Units per
Macro sector
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Cisco Universal Small Cell
4-8 User 3G Closed / Open Mode
<20mW Transmit Power
Mains power
R99 WCDMA Voice Calls
HSDPA+ 21Mbps* / HSUPA 5.76Mbps (Peak Rates)*
Simple to install. Ethernet and plug top PSU with zero touch configuration.
Committed for 3GPP Band I. Band 2/5 planned for future
USC3310 - 3G/HSPA+ Standalone Indoor Access Point for Residential
24
Available Now!
Product Offer – 3G Standalone
Capability 3G/HSPA
RF Band I or II/V
RF Power 3G 20mW at Ant. Port
Antenna 3G: 1x1 SISO
RF BW 5 MHz
3G Throughput 14.4/5.7 Mbps HSPA+ (peak rate)
3G Feature Set 4-8 Active users; 32 idle ;3GPP
R99 & R7 HSPA ; Iuh / TR-069,
TR-196
Mobility 3G Active CS/PS and Idle Mode
Reselection
SON / HetNet 3G : Network Listen
Power Supply DC 12V using adapter brick 100-
240V AC (50-60 Hz)
Size / Weight 183 x 225 x 44.5mm
<500g (complete unit)
Deployment Free standing Residential/SoHo
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Cisco Universal Small Cell
16 User 3G Open Mode Module
<100mW Transmit Power (same as ETSI 802.11)
Compatible with 3600i/3600e Wi-Fi
Power provided by the Aironet through PoE+ (IEEE 802.3at) or external PSU.
R99 WCDMA Voice Calls
HSDPA+ 21Mbps / HSUPA 5.76Mbps (Peak Rates)*
Available in 3GPP I (Rest of World) and Band II/V (USA/LATAM)
USC5310 - 3G/HSPA+ Plug-in Module for Aironet AP3600/AP3700
25
3G HSPA+ - 21Mbps/5.7Mbps
<100mW/20dBm EiRP
16 Active Users
Product Offer – 3G + Wi-Fi
Capability 3G/HSPA + 802.11n
RF Band II/V or I
802.11n 2.4/5GHz
RF Power 100mW at Ant. Port
Antenna 1x1 SISO
802.11n 4x4 3SS / Beamforming
RF BW 5 MHz
Base
Platform
USC Software Platform
3G
Throughput
21/5.7 Mbps HSDPA+ (peak rate)*
3G Feature
Set
16 Active users; 200 idle ;3GPP
R99 & R8 HSDPA+ ; Iuh / TR-069,
TR-196v1, Open Mode
Mobility 3G Active CS/PS and Idle Mode
Reselection
SON /
HetNet
3G : Network Listen
802.11 : Clean Air
Power
Supply
Provided by the Aironet Product
Size /
Weight
1.5L ; 1.4kg (complete unit)
Deployment Desk/Wall/Ceiling
Available Now!
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Cisco Universal Small Cell
Partner to USC 5310 Module
Module supports (auto-selects)
– 1x1 SISO with 6W PSU (AP3600/AP3700)
– 2x2 MIMO with 10W PSU (USC5030)
LTE FDD
Up to 20 MHz iBW
– 16 Active Users
– 128 RRC Connected Users
100mW Output Power
Available in 3GPP I/III/VII (Rest of World) and Band IV (USA/LATAM)
USC541x – LTE Plug-in Module for Aironet AP3600/AP3700
26
Target FCS –
December 2014
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Cisco Universal Small Cell
Module holder only
– 1x GbE RJ45 ports
Provides 2x10W via Cisco module connector
Module Configurations
– 1x3G
– 1xLTE (When available)
– 2x3G (Planning)
– 2xLTE (When available)
– 1x3G + 1xLTE (When available)
Power PoE+ and/or 48V DC
Compatible with USC 5310 and USC 541x
USC5030 - Dual Module Holder
27
Target FCS – May 2014
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Cisco Universal Small Cell
Standalone Venue product
16 User 3G
250mW Transmit Power
R99 WCDMA Voice Calls
HSDPA+ 21Mbps / HSUPA 5.76Mbps (Peak Rates)*
External PSU or PoE+ support
Available in 3GPP Band II/V (USA/LATAM) or I (Rest of World)
USC7330 – 3G/HSPA+ Standalone Indoor Access Point
28
Product Offer – 3G
Capability 3G/HSPA
RF 3GPP II/V or I
RF Power 250 mW
Antenna SISO
RF BW 5 MHz
Base Platform USC Software Platform
Data
Throughput
21 Mbps DL*; 5.7 Mbps UL
3G Feature
Set
16 Active users; 200 idle ;3GPP
R99 & R7 HSDPA+ ; Iuh / TR-
069, TR-196v1, Open Mode
Mobility Active and idle mode mobility
SON / HetNet Auto-configuration, 3GNetwork
Listen, Cisco SON support
Power Supply 15W
Size / Weight <2L ; <2kg
Deployment Indoors (wall or ceiling mount) /
Cisco Standard Accessories
3G HSPA+ - 21Mbps/5.7Mbps
<250mW/24dBm EiRP
16 Active Users
Available Now!
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Cisco Universal Small Cell
Rural Outdoor product
16 User 3G
Tx Power 1W
Range up to 2km
Power Interface: PoE+ or DC (48V)
IP67
-30 to +45 ºC Ambient, +55 ºC with Solar Loading (1200W/m2)
HSDPA+ 21Mbps / HSUPA 5.76Mbps (Peak Rates)*
Available in 3GPP Band II/V (USA/LATAM) or I (Rest of World)
USC9330 - 3G/HSPA+ Standalone Outdoor Access Point
29
3G HSPA+ - 21Mbps/5.7Mbps
32dBm EiRP
16 Active Users
Product Offer – 3G
Capability 3G/HSPA
RF 3GPP II/V or I
RF Tx Power 1W (30 dBm)
Antenna Gain 2 dB
EIRP 32 dBm
RF BW 5 MHz
Data
Throughput
21 Mbps DL*; 5.7 Mbps UL
Mobility Active and idle mode mobility
SON / HetNet Auto-configuration, 3GNetwork
Listen, Cisco SON support
Power Supply <20W
Weight 3.2kg
Deployment Rural Outdoor
Target FCS – May 2014
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ASR5K HNBGW/HeNBGW/SeGW
Integrated SeGW
– Up to 1M IPSec IKEv2 Tunnels
– HNB Authentication (X.509 & EAP-SIM/AKA)
– NAT Traversal
HNBGW Key Features
– Iuh Standard compliance (3GPP R9)
– IuCS/IuPS/IuFlex over IP or ATM
– Full mobility with F2F through core (pre-Iurh)
– Open/Closed Access mode
– Cell Broadcast Services (Iu-BC interface)
– Intelligent Paging
– Session Recovery, Congestion Control
– Comprehensive Bulkstats
Successful IOT and Commercial Deployments
30
3G Core HNB
HNBGW
HeNB
HeNBGW
EPC
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Small Cell RMS SW Architecture
31
HNB
SP DMZ
Firewall
Upload
Server
SP Order Management
SP CSR UI
ACE 4710
ASR5000
Serving Node Components Central Node Components
IPSec
TLS
XML
over
HTTP
CPNR
CPAR
DCC UI
BAC
RDU
RADIUS
AAA
DHCP
Config, FW,
Live Data, Diag:
TR-069 & HTTP
(no TLS)
CMHS
Performance and log
file upload via HTTP
(no TLS)
NTP
Status monitoring heartbeat and CR
XMPP / TLS
RAN / DMZ HW
RMS SW Components
SP RAN Databases
SP OSS / BSS
RMS Client
Radio Stack
PMG
BAC DPE
PKI-
Bootstrap
Cloudbase
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RMS Solution Components
32
Name Full Name Description
BAC Broadband Access
Center
A versatile TR-069 management system that provides all essential Femto management
functions including configuration, firmware, data retrieval, troubleshooting. Consists of
DPE (SB services) and RDU (central functions).
PMG
Provisioning &
Management
Gateway
Provides NB API to OSS/BSS/IT. XML/HTTP requests and notifications. Femto
activation workflow with the BAC. Enables automatic assignment of GWs, SAI, Cell ID,
location-specific parameters and whitelist management.
DCC Device Command
& Control
UI and CLI tools for Femto-specific provisioning functions. Provides Installer / Technician
UI, CSR interfaces and Administration Tools for ops personnel.
CMHS
Cisco
Management
Heartbeat Server
A highly scalable XMPP-based service which is designed for active status monitoring of
Femtocells. This service provides real-time monitoring and management functions not
covered by TR-069 protocols. Currently supported only for IPA devices
US Upload Server A high-scale service for receiving uploads from the Femtocells, including periodic
performance data, logs & traces.
CPAR Cisco Prime
Access Registrar
Cisco AAA product. Provides AP authorization on HNB-GW and delivers AP whitelists to
HNB-GW via RADIUS.
CPNR Cisco Prime
Network Registrar
Cisco DHCP product. Used to allocate IPSec addresses for SeGW via DHCP. The
lease database can then be queried to discover the current AP IP address.
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Enabling the evolution from 3G to
LTE and driving the convergence
with Wi-Fi
Leveraging multivendor SON and
network intelligence into the radio
access network (RAN)
Building on Cisco’s experience with
Enterprise IT deploying millions of
small cells
Providing SPs with a
comprehensive solution that
extends an intelligence layer across
the mobile network
Mobile Packet Core
Small Cell
Gateway
SON
3G LTE Small Cells
Cisco Service Provider Mobility Software Enabled End-to-end Network Intelligence