Download - China july 2013 Fudan University
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Michael Eriksen, ScDDean, School of Public Health
Georgia State University
July 2013
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The Tobacco Atlas
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Globally, 6 million preventable deaths annually from tobacco…• Tobacco accounts for more than
16% of male and 7% of female deaths globally• 80% of deaths occur in LMIC• 100 million deaths in
20th century and one billion deaths in 21st century
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Smoking harms the entire body…
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Cancer from smoking causes more deaths than all other cancers combined…
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“Forced smoking” kills people…• 600,000 deaths annually from secondhand
smoke exposure (mostly women and children)• Over 50% of the people in the Western Pacific
region are exposed to secondhand smoke (highest rate in the world)
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Say “NO” to forced smoking
Bill Gates and Baidu CEO Robin Li wear shirts reading “Say no to forced smoking”
47% of youth ages 13-15 years were exposed to secondhand smoke in the home (Shanghai in 2005)
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If you are concerned about NCDs, tobacco must be a priority…
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Cigarette smoking is a 20th century phenomenon…
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Cigarette consumption varies greatly by region…• Consumption shifting from West to East (1990-2009)• Western Europe dropped 26%• Middle East and Africa increased 57%
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Five countries smoke more than half of the world’s cigarettes…
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There are over one billion adult smokers in the world…• 1 billion adult smokers worldwide (80% are men)
– nearly 20% of all adults• 80% of male and 50% of female
smokers are in low- and middle-income countries• Men’s smoking rates are ten times
as high as women’s in 49 countries• But there is major progress in many
countries
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800 million men smoke worldwide…
50.4% of male adults in China smoke cigarettes
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200 million women smoke worldwide now, but what about the future?
2.1% of female adults in China smoke cigarettes
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Tobacco prevalence and cessation in China mirrors the U.S. in 1965…
References: CDC 2012, Personal Communication, China GATS 2010
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Chinese cigarette increase40 years after US increase
US adults, 1910-1950 China (men),1950-1990
Year Cigarettesper day
Year Cigarettesper day
1910 1 1952 1
1930 4 1972 4
1950 10 1992 10
Delayed hazard: proportion of all deathsat ages 35-69 due to tobacco
US: All adults China: Men only 1950 12% 1990 12%
1990 33% 2030 ~33%
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Is youth smoking the next epidemic? • Boys’ and girls’ smoking rates
differ by less than 5 percentage points in almost half of the world’s countries• Girls smoke more than boys
in at least 25 countries• 2.7% of boys and 0.8% of girls
ages 13-15 in Shanghai smoke cigarettes (2005)
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Tobacco company advertising can be deceiving…
Shanghai Tobacco Company’s “I Love China” brand circumvents advertising bans
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China leads the world in growing tobacco…
• In 2011, China grew tobacco on more than 1.4 million hectares of land• In 2011, more than 3.1
million tonnes of tobacco were grown in China• In 2011, China grew
41.7% of the world’s tobacco
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The Western Pacific Region leads the world in cigarette manufacturing…
In 2010, 41% of the world’s cigarettes were produced in China.
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Tobacco is very big business and CNTC leads in profits and revenue…• Global cigarette market valued at almost half a
trillion dollars (taxes excluded)• Comparable to GDP of Poland and Sweden
• CNTC manufactured 2.1 trillion of the world’s 5.9 trillion cigarettes (2008)
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Does corporate social responsibility and philanthropy negate global harm?
In 2010, PMI donated only $25 million from their $7.5 billion profits to charitable causes (less than 1% of net profits)
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Tobacco-related costs in China are growing…
2000$7.2 billion
2008$28.9 billion
Between 2000 and 2008, total costs
attributable to tobacco use in China
more than quadrupled
Direct costs of smoking (size of figures proportional to total in USD)
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Tobacco companies profit on each tobacco-related death…• $35 billion in annual profits• 6 million deaths each year• Nearly $6,000 in profit for every death caused by tobacco
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Evidence-based solutions are a must…Outlined in WHO FCTC, MPOWER and U.S. Surgeon General’s Reports• Tax increases• Clean indoor air laws• Advertising bans• Graphic warning labels
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Michael Eriksen, ScDDean, School of Public Health
Georgia State [email protected]
Additional information available at:TobaccoAtlas.orgTobaccoPortal.org