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CHEMISTRY UNIT
Studies of Matter
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Matter, Mass, & Volume
MATTER: anything that has mass & takes up space
MASS: the amount of matter in an object
VOLUME: the amount of space an object occupies
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Four States of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
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Solid
Definite volume & shape
Particles are tightly packed
Examples: Ice Wood Coins
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Liquid
Definite volume
Takes the shape of the container
Particles are loosely packed
Examples Water Juice
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Gas
No definite volume or shape
Particles will expand to fill the container
Examples Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Helium
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Plasma
An electrically charged gas
Examples Fluorescent Lights Neon Lights Stars
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Neon & Fluorescent Lights
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Plasma TVs
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Changing States
To change from one state of matter to another,
you add or take away
ENERGY in the form of HEAT.
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States of Matter Quiz
Determine whether each of the following examples represent a…SolidLiquidGasPlasma
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#1
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#2
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#3
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#4
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#5
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#6
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#7
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#8
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#9
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#10
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Answer Key
#1 Liquid
#2 Gas
#3 Solid
#4 Plasma
#5 Plasma
#6 Solid
#7 Plasma
#8 Liquid
#9 Gas
#10 Plasma
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Properties of Matter
Matter can be described in two ways, PHYSICALLY and CHEMICALLY
Physical Properties: qualities or traits that describe the substance itself
Chemical Properties: qualities or traits that describe how a substance reacts with other substances
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Physical Properties
Color
Size
Shape
Mass
Volume
Density
Melting or Boiling Point
State of Matter
Hardness
Magnetic
Malleability
Ability to Conduct Heat Sound Electricity
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Physical Change
The new substance has the same chemical composition as the old substance.
Examples Change of State Cutting Bending Folding Tearing Breaking
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Changes in State
Melting = Solid changing to a liquid
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Changes in State
Evaporation= liquid change to gas
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Changes in State
Sublimation= solid changing to gas
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Changes in State
Deposition = gas changing to solid
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Changes in State
Condensation = gas changing to liquid
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Changes in State
Freezing = liquid changing to solid
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Chemical Properties
Ability to React with Other Substances
Ability to Burn (with fire)
Ability to Fizz
Ability to Rust
Temperature Change
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Changes in Matter
Substances can change form in two ways…PhysicallyChemically
To determine which type of change has occurred, you must compare the new substance with the old substance.
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Chemical Change
The new substance is chemically different than the old substance.A new product has been formed.The new product has different chemical & physical properties than the old substance.Examples Burning Rusting Fizzing Temperature Change Color Change Sound Production of Light
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Chemical Changes
Burning
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Chemical Changes
Rusting
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Chemical Changes
Fizzing
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Identifying Changes Lab
Move from one station to another.
Determine whether each example represents a physical change or a chemical change.
Record your answer.
Return to your desk when finished.
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Identifying ChangesAnswer Key
1. Physical (clay)
2. Physical (notecard)
3. Chemical (match)
4. Physical (paperclip)
5. Chemical (NaCl)
6. Physical (state)
7. Chemical (CO2)
8. Physical (sticks)
9. Physical (state)
10. Chemical (water and oxygen formed)
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Reactants
Substances that undergo a chemical reaction.
Examples:
Manganese Dioxide
Hydrogen Peroxide
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Products
New substances formed by a chemical reaction.
Examples:
CuOH2 (Calumennite)
CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
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Chemical Reaction
Hydrogen + Oxygen = Water
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Endothermic
Type of chemical reaction which uses up heat, resulting in a cooler temperature.
Example:
Water & Ammonium Nitrate
Vinegar and Baking soda
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Exothermic
Type of chemical reaction in which heat is given off, resulting in a warmer temperature.
Example:
Hydrogen Peroxide and Manganese Dioxide
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Precipitate
A solid that forms when a chemical reaction occurs. This solid separates out from the solution during the chemical reaction.
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Physical Properties Lab
Match each of the physical properties listed on your paper with an item in your basket.
Select only one item for each category.
Write the name of the correct item in the appropriate space.
List 4 additional physical properties for each item.
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Textbook Assignment
Read pages 84-88 in your science textbook.
Answer questions #1-3 & 5 on page 90 in your Bellringer spiral.Restate the question in you answer!