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Chapter 8Percentage Composition
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Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen. How many grams of each are in the sample of water below?
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Percent Composition
Mass of elementMass of elementFormula Mass of compoundFormula Mass of compound X 100X 100% =% =
Percent composition is the percent by mass of an element within a compound.
• Divide the mass of each element by the formula mass of the compound
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Percent Composition of H2O2 X H = 2 X 1.0 g = 2.0 g1 X O = 1 X 16.0 g = 16.0 g
gram formula mass = 2.0 g + 16.0 g = 18.0 g
% H = 2.0g X 100 = 11.2% 18.0g
% O = 16.0g X 100 = 88.8% 18.0g
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Percent Composition of H2O2 X H = 2 X 1.0 g = 2.0 g1 X O = 1 X 16.0 g = 16.0 g
gram formula mass = 2.0 g + 16.0 g = 18.0 g
% H = 2.0g X 100 = 11.2% 18.0g
% O = 16.0g X 100 = 88.8% 18.0g
What does this mean?
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Pure water’s mass is 11.2% hydrogen and 88.8% oxygen.
(0.112)(128.98g) = 14.45g H
(.888)(128.98g) = 114.53g O
or
128.98g – 14.45g = 114.53g O
11.2% H
88.8% O
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Percentage Composition
• Remember that you have to calculate the formula mass!
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Determine the Percent Composition of C6H12O6
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Determine the Percent Composition of C6H12O6
6 X C = 6 X 12.0 g = 72.0g12 X H = 12 X 1.0g = 12.0g6 X O = 6 X 16.0g = 96.0ggfm = 180.0 grams/mole
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Determine the Percent Composition of C6H12O6
6 X C = 6 X 12.0 g = 72.0g12 X H = 12 X 1.0g = 12.0g6 X O = 6 X 16.0g = 96.0ggfm = 180.0 grams/mole
% C =% H = % O =
(72.0g/180.0g) X 100 =(72.0g/180.0g) X 100 = 40.0%40.0%(12.0g/180.0g) X 100 =(12.0g/180.0g) X 100 = 6.67%6.67%(96.0g/180.0g) X 100 =(96.0g/180.0g) X 100 = 53.3%53.3%
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How many grams of carbon are in 156g C6H12O6
6 (156g)(0.400) = 62.4g carbon126 Molar
% C =% H = % O =
(72.0g/180.0g) X 100 =(72.0g/180.0g) X 100 = 40.0%40.0%(12.0g/180.0g) X 100 =(12.0g/180.0g) X 100 = 6.67%6.67%(96.0g/180.0g) X 100 =(96.0g/180.0g) X 100 = 53.3%53.3%
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What is this?
a
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Iron Pyrite “Fool’s Gold” (FeS2)
a
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How many grams of sulfur are in this 28.8g sample of iron pyrite FeS2?
a
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How many grams of sulfur are in this 28.8g sample of iron pyrite FeS2?
a
15.4g S
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How many grams of sulfur are in this 28.8g sample of iron pyrite FeS2?
a
15.4g S
Fe + 2(S)
55.8 + 2( 32.1) = 120.0 g/mol
%S = 64.2/120.0 x 100= 53.5%S
28.8g x 0.535 = 15.4g S
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Homework
Molarity Worksheet (Due Tomorrow). Percentage Composition Worksheet (Due
in 2 Days).