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Chapter 5
Operating Systems
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The Operating System When working with multimedia, the
operating system is perhaps the most important, the most complex, and the least visible software that your computer uses.
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The Four Layers of a ComputerYour computer is a system of four interdependent layers:
Hardware
BIOS
Operating System
Application Software
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What do the four layers do?
Hardware activates the BIOS
BIOS (basic input/output system) starts the operating system
Operating System loads drivers, networking services, and application software into the computer’s RAM
Application Software allows you to create your multimedia project
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What are programming languages? Programming languages provide instructions to operating systems.
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Types of Programming Languages
Machine language: the only language a computer’s CPU can readAssembly language: a programming language that the CPU can quickly encode to machine languageLow-level programming language: Programming languages that computers can interpret quickly but are not like human language
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More Programming LanguagesHigh-level programming languages:
Are programming languages that resemble human language
Need compilers to convert high-level languages to machine language
Examples: C++, Java, Visual Basic
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Graphical User Interface (GUI)Microsoft Windows
Created in 1985The most used PC operating systemRuns a huge number of applications
Apple Mac OS Derived from the first PCs to use GUIPreferred by many designers and multimedia producersApplications are often not compatible with Windows
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PDA Operating Systems The two most popular PDA operating
systems are:Palm OS
Windows CE
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Network Operating Systems Network operating systems are
designed to allow many users to share files and resources.
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Types of Network OSNetwork operating systems include:
UNIX: designed to work with many kinds of computers
Linux: a version of UNIX distributed for free
Mac OS X: for networks by Apple
Windows NT: Microsoft’s network OS
Apache: Web server software distributed for free