Drug Dependence & Types of DrugsDrug Dependence & Types of Drugs
Objectives:Objectives:
1.1. Students will be able to compare and Students will be able to compare and contrast psychological and physical contrast psychological and physical dependence. dependence.
2.2. Students will be able to name and Students will be able to name and classify the commonly abused drugs.classify the commonly abused drugs.
IntroductionIntroduction
What is a drug?What is a drug? A natural or synthetic substance that A natural or synthetic substance that
is used to produce physiological or is used to produce physiological or psychological effects.psychological effects.
Importance to forensic science?Importance to forensic science? 75% of evidence evaluated by crime 75% of evidence evaluated by crime
labs is drug related.labs is drug related.
Drug DependenceDrug Dependence
Factors affecting drug dependence Factors affecting drug dependence include:include:
Nature of the drugNature of the drug Route of administrationRoute of administration DoseDose Frequency of administrationFrequency of administration An individual’s rate of metabolismAn individual’s rate of metabolism
Drug DependenceDrug Dependence
Non-drug factors affecting drug Non-drug factors affecting drug dependence include:dependence include:
Personality of the userPersonality of the user Expectations about drug useExpectations about drug use Society’s attitudes and possible Society’s attitudes and possible
responsesresponses Setting in which the drug is usedSetting in which the drug is used
Drug dependenceDrug dependence
Psychological dependence:Psychological dependence:The conditioned use of a drug caused by The conditioned use of a drug caused by
underlying emotional needsunderlying emotional needs
Physical dependence:Physical dependence:Physiological need for a drug brought Physiological need for a drug brought
about by its regular use and about by its regular use and characterized by withdrawal sickness characterized by withdrawal sickness when administration of the drug is when administration of the drug is abruptly stopped.abruptly stopped.
Types of DrugsTypes of Drugs
Narcotic – Narcotic – a drug that induces sleep and a drug that induces sleep and depresses vital body functions such as depresses vital body functions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing ratebreathing rate
Includes:Includes:
Opiates-morphine, heroin, codeineOpiates-morphine, heroin, codeine
Synthetic opiates-methadone, oxy-continSynthetic opiates-methadone, oxy-contin
Analgesics- Analgesics- substances that decrease substances that decrease pain.pain.
Types of DrugsTypes of Drugs
Hallucinogen-Hallucinogen-a substance that a substance that induces changes in normal thought induces changes in normal thought processes, perceptions, and moodsprocesses, perceptions, and moods
Includes:Includes:
Marijuana, LSD, PCPMarijuana, LSD, PCP
Types of DrugsTypes of Drugs
Depressant-Depressant-a substance that slows down, or a substance that slows down, or depresses, the functions of the central depresses, the functions of the central nervous systemnervous system
Includes:Includes:
AlcoholAlcohol
Barbiturates (“Barbitals”, Quaalude)Barbiturates (“Barbitals”, Quaalude)
Anti-psychotic/anti-anxiety drugs (Miltown, Anti-psychotic/anti-anxiety drugs (Miltown, Librium, Valium)Librium, Valium)
Inhaled volatile substances (glue, gasoline, Inhaled volatile substances (glue, gasoline, etc.)etc.)
Types of DrugsTypes of Drugs
Stimulant-Stimulant-a substance that speeds a substance that speeds up, or stimulates, the central nervous up, or stimulates, the central nervous systemsystem
Includes:Includes:
Amphetamines/methamphetaminesAmphetamines/methamphetamines
Cocaine/CrackCocaine/Crack
Types of DrugsTypes of Drugs
Club drugs-Club drugs-synthetic drugs often synthetic drugs often used at clubs, bars, etc.used at clubs, bars, etc.
Includes:Includes:
MDMA (Ecstasy)MDMA (Ecstasy)
GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate)GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate)
Rohypnol (“Roofie”)Rohypnol (“Roofie”)
KetamineKetamine
MethamphetamineMethamphetamine