Chapter 3, Section 4
The Southern Colonies relied
on cash crops, while the
French and Spanish tried to
establish their own
settlements.
List the names of the five Southern colonies & the names
for French & Spanish settlements in North America.
In Southern Colonies,
plantations made huge profits.
There was a growing demand
for workers.
Criminals, prisoners of war, and
those who could not afford
passage to America often
arrived as indentured servants.
African slaves were captured
and shipped to America in
growing numbers.
The Calvert family was
given a grant to establish
a colony as a safe place
for Catholics.
Maryland grew quickly,
mainly from the sale of
tobacco crops.
Baltimore became the
largest city.
Virginia continued to grow.
Wealthy tobacco planters
had taken the best land by
the coast.
Others moved west where
they fought with Indians.
Bacon’s Rebellion showed
that colonists would not be
stopped from expanding
westward.
Bacon’s Rebellion
Carolina was founded in the 1660’s a one big proprietary colony.
Charles Town became the largest city in all the Southern Colonies. Later, it would become Charleston.
In 1729, Carolina split into two royal colonies.
In North Carolina, tobacco
was the main cash crop.
In South Carolina, rice &
indigo were the leading
cash crops.
Because growing these cash
crops took much labor, by
the early-1700’s, more than
half the people living in the
Carolinas were enslaved
Africans.
Georgia was the last English
colony to form to America
General James Oglethorpe
received a charter to create
a colony where debtors, and
poor people, could start
over.
The city of Savannah was
built in 1733. Soon, Georgia
was being populated by
people from many European
countries.
Oglethorpe Square
Savannah, Georgia
French settlement in North America advanced slowly.
They made profits from fishing and fur trading than building large colonies.
Their largest settlement was New France with its capital, Quebec.
The French enjoyed better relations with Native Americans.
By 1700, Spain still controlled
most of Mexico, the Caribbean, Central & South America.
They built missions and
presidios throughout the American Southwest (San Diego, San Antonio & Santa Fe).
Rivalries between European countries in America would lead to war in the 1700’s.