KEY TERMS
• Indo-Europeans• Steppes• Migration• Hittites• Anatolia
• Aryans• Vedas• Brahmin• Caste• Mahabharata
INDO-EUROPEANS MIGRATE
• Nomadic peoples who came from steppes• Steppes dry
grassland in the Caucasus • Tamed horses for
battle• Two wheel chariots• Lived in tribes
INDO-EUROPEANS MIGRATE
• Ancestors of modern language• Spanish, English,
Persian, Hindi
• Can tell where tribes settled by their language• Aryans spoke
Sanskrit located in India
INDO-EUROPEANS MIGRATE
• 1700-1200 BC started to migrate• Migration-
movements of people from one region to another• Happens in waves• Long period of time
THE HITTITE EMPIRE
• 2000 BC occupied Anatolia (Turkey)• Timber• Minerals agriculture
• Occupied Babylon• Signed a peace
treaty with Egyptians over Syria
THE HITTITE EMPIRE
• Adopted Akkadian language of the Babylonians• Ideas, laws politics,
literature from Mesopotamians• Chariots new in
warfare• Iron weapons
(sharper)• Empire fell 1190 BC
ARYANS TRANSFORM INDIA
• Aryans from the Caspian sea• No archaeological
record• Vedas-collection of
spells, prayers, rituals• Big Rig Veda- 1028
hymns• Elders passed on
from generation to generation
ARYANS TRANSFORM INDIA
• Caste System• Brahmins- priests• Warriors• Traders, landowners• Peasants or traders• The group you
belonged to determined your role in society
AYRANS TRANSFORM INDIA
• Class restrictions– Shudras-laborers–Varna- skin color
distinguishing feature– 4 groups became
the Varnas– Portuguese called it
a caste system–Determined what
you did–Who you married
AYRAN KINGDOMS ARISE
• Chiefs were elected by the entire tribe• 1000 BC minor kings
wanted to set up territories.• Magda- major
kingdom• By 200 BC Magda
occupied almost the entire subcontinent