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Chapter 10: Population Dynamics
13
A B
C D
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12
Chapter 10: Population Dynamics
E
Nt = Noertt
Nt = No
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1 2
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3
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4
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Consequences? Why?
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Sea Lamprey Invasion
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1
Sea Lamprey Invasion
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Lamprey and Lake Trout Populations
http://www.nature.com/nchembio/journal/v1/n6/images/nchembio1105-316-F1.gif
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5 Chinch Bug (Blissus leucopterus)
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6
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Fig. 14-10 in Ricklefs 2000
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Populations are Dynamic!!
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8
9
b
d
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DISPERSAL
i - immigration
e - emmigration
10
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=N f (b, d, i, e)
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Fig. 10.2 in Molles 2006
“The Wild, Wacky World of Dispersal”
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Dispersal: Drift
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Dispersal: Drift
Fremont Cottonwood
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Dispersal: Animal Vectors
4
5
5
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Dispersal: Explosive7
Zygomycete Fungus: Pilobolus
8
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1112
Dispersal: Natal
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Measuring Dispersal Rates22
23
24
2
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Measuring Dispersal Rates26
27
28
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Expanding Populations(Anthropogenic Factors)
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European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
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European Honeybee
African Honeybee Queen
Hybrid: Africanized Honey Bee
Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors)
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Fig. 10.1 in Molles 2006
Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors)
Africanized Honey Bee
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Green Alga Pest: Caulerpa
Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors)
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Jacques Cousteau Institue (Monaco)
Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors)
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Expanding Populations: Anthropogenic Factors
2Eurasian Collared Dove:
Introduction into Bahamas: mid-1970s
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Fig. 10.3 in Molles 2006
Expanding Populations (NON-Anthropogenic Factors)
Eurasian Collared Dove:Spread into Europe from Turkey after 1900
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10
11 12
Expanding Populations: Non-Anthropogenic Factors
Mechanism: Natal Dispersal
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Fig. 10.5 in Molles 2006
Rates of Expansion
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Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)
13
Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)
14
Dispersal in Response to Climate Change
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~ 20,000 Years Ago
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Fig. 10.6 in Molles 2006
Dispersal in Response to Climate Change
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Voles (Microtis sp.)European Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)
DISPERSAL: Response to Short-Term Changes in Food Abundance
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Fig. 10.7 in Molles 2006
NUMERICAL RESPONSEChange in Predator Population Density In Response to Prey Population Density
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1516
Increased Reproduction Increased Dispersal
NUMERICAL RESPONSE MECHANISM:
OR
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Metapopulation
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(Subpopulations living on Habitat Patches connected by Exchange of Individuals among Patches)
Rocky Mountain Parnassian Butterfly(Parnassius smintheus)
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20
18
Alpine Meadow Habitat
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Patch Size and Population Density
22
Fig. 10.11 in Molles 2006
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Metapopulations and Conservation Management
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1 http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/petromyzon_marinus5.JPG
2 http://flickr.com/photos/clbrannan/434745581/&usg=__TO6bcIHgjW65pqa XDwW_0acrf2Y=&h=375&w=500&sz=95&hl=en&start=20&tbnid=ohqI0mQF-Py3IM:&tbnh=98&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dturtle%2Bnotched%2Bshell%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG
3 http://www.tiem.utk.edu/~mmfuller/WebDocs/HTMLfiles/collared-dove.html&usg=__TAlqcRFEO2Ln-BJiQeXqY7S6q-w=&h=629&w=579&sz=140&hl=en&start=29&um=1&tbnid=-4in4-eY61RRpM:&tbnh=137&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Deurasian%2Bcollared%2Bdistribution%2Bunited%2Bstates%26start%3D20%26ndsp%3D20%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN
4 http://parish-wildlife.org.uk/images/Pictures/Visits/Bealsmill/fox%20poo.jpg
5 http://www.ontariowildflower.com/images/common_burdock_seed.jpg
6 http://www.finchester.org/dogs/dog_diary/uploaded_images/CRW_3865BurInFur_cn-797464.jpg
7 http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~simmons/16cm05/1116/31-08-Pilobolus.jpg
8 http://bugs.bio.usyd.edu.au/Mycology/images/Topics/Animal_Interactions/ Pilobolus2.jpg
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9 http://fungalgenomes.org/blog/wpcontent/uploads/2008/09/pone-03-09-moneycut.jpg
10 http://www.hamiltonnature.org/birds/images/CollaredDove1.jpg
11 http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3122/3122330699_0bb43a42c0.jpg
12 http://www.le.ac.uk/ge/genie/vgec/images/bacteria.jpg
13 http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/42906000/jpg/_42906379_6.jpg