Download - Chap 8s the Transportation Model
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McGraw-Hill/IrwinOperations Management, Seventh Edition, by William J. StevensonCopyright © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Transportation Model
Chapter 8 Supplement
The Transportation Model
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McGraw-Hill/IrwinOperations Management, Seventh Edition, by William J. StevensonCopyright © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Transportation Model
Requirements for Transportation Model
• List of origins and each one’s capacity
• List of destinations and each one’s demand
• Unit cost of shipping
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McGraw-Hill/IrwinOperations Management, Seventh Edition, by William J. StevensonCopyright © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Transportation Model
Transportation Model Assumptions
• Items to be shipped are homogeneous
• Shipping cost per unit is the same
• Only one route between origin and destination
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McGraw-Hill/IrwinOperations Management, Seventh Edition, by William J. StevensonCopyright © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Transportation Model
The Transportation Problem
D(demand)
D(demand)
D(demand)
D(demand)
S(supply)
S(supply)
S(supply)
Figure 8S-1
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McGraw-Hill/IrwinOperations Management, Seventh Edition, by William J. StevensonCopyright © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Transportation Model
A Transportation Table
Warehouse
4 7 7 1100
12 3 8 8200
8 10 16 5150
450
45080 90 120 160
A B C D
1
2
3
Factory Factory 1can supply 100units per period
Total supplycapacity perperiod
Total demandper period
Demand
Warehouse B can use 90 units per period
Table 8S-1
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McGraw-Hill/IrwinOperations Management, Seventh Edition, by William J. StevensonCopyright © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Transportation Model
Special Problems
• Unequal supply and demand
• Dummy: Imaginary number added equal to the difference between supply and demand when these are unequal
• Degeneracy: The condition of too few completed cells to allow all necessary paths to be constructed
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McGraw-Hill/IrwinOperations Management, Seventh Edition, by William J. StevensonCopyright © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Transportation Model
Summary of Procedure
• Make certain that supply and demand are equal
• Develop an initial solution using intuitive, low-cost approach
• Check that completed cells = R+C-1
• Evaluate each empty cell
• Repeat until all cells are zero or positive
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McGraw-Hill/IrwinOperations Management, Seventh Edition, by William J. StevensonCopyright © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Transportation Model
Excel TemplateFigure 8S-2