Download - Challenge the future Delft University of Technology Institutional Analysis and MAS Amineh Ghorbani
Challenge the future
DelftUniversity ofTechnology
Institutional Analysis and MAS
Amineh Ghorbani
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Outline
• Introduction
• What are institutions?
• What is institutional analysis?
• The IAD framework
• Common pool resource management
• How we are using all this?
• Current Work
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Institutions… Definitions….
• Definition used in AI:• An institution is any structure or mechanism of social
order and cooperation governing the behavior of a set of individuals within a given human community.
• Humanly devised constraints that structure political, economic and social interactions.
• Institutionalized electronic organization
• An institutional economic definition:• The set of rules actually used by a set of individuals to organize
repetitive activities that produce outcomes affecting those individuals and potentially affecting others.
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Institutional Analysis
• To (re)design institutions• We need to understand the system
• Insitutional Analysis frameworks designed for this
purpose.
• Insitutional Analysis and Design framework (IAD)
• Williamson’s four layer model
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Common Pool Resource (CPR)
• A type of good consisting of a natural or human-made
resource system (also commons)
• Problem of congestion or overuse (misuse?), subtractable.
• Consists of• Stock variable (e.g. water, fish, air, internet, information…)• Flow variable (fringe unit, can be consumed)
• CPR only exists if there are institutional arrangements,
otherwise they are just open access resources.
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Common Pool Resource (CPR) & Institutions
•Ostrom many common pool resources observations:• Contradict claims that CPR should be privatized or else face destruction.• Tragedy of the commons
• Should forget about their own economical benefits
•Almost every problem is formed around a common…
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Institutional Analysis and Development Framework (IAD)
Physical world
Community
Rules
Action Arena
Patterns of interaction
Action Situation
Participants
Outcomes
Evaluation Criteria
1. Position rules2. Boundary rules3. Authority rules4. Aggregation
rules5. Scope rules6. Information rules7. Payoff rules
Resources, preferences, information and selection
criteria
1. Participants 2. Positions3. Actions4. Potential
outcomes5. Functions
that map actions into outcomes
6. Information7. Cost and
benefits
1. Operational Rules
2. Collective Choice
Rules3. Constitutional
Rules
• Difference in preferences and inequal assets
• Accepted behavior(culture)
• The level of common understanding
• Physical and Material conditions
• Mostly about resources• Size• Mobility• Availibility• …
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ADICO Institutional Statements
• This decomposition for• summarizing and analyzing institutional statements• distinguishing between the different types• understanding the formation and evolution of these
statements.
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ADICO Institutional Statements
1. Attributes: positions, roles
2. Deontic Type: obligation, prohibition, permission
3. Aim (action)
4. Condition
5. Or else
Students can use computers if they are registered in the university.
Attribute
deonticaction condition
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A student can take the X course if he has passed the exam for Y
course
or else he must register for the y course again.
ADICO Institutional Statements
Attribute
deontic action condition
Or else
Attribute deontic action
Or else……
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ADICO Institutional Statements
Three different types of institutional statements:1. Regulatory Rules A D I C O
People younger than 18 are not allowed to buy cigarettes
or else they will be fined.
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ADICO Institutional Statements
Three different types of institutional statements:2. Shared Strategies A D I C O
The person who places a phone call,
calls back when the call gets disconnected.
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ADICO Institutional Statements
Three different types of institutional statements:3. Norms A D I C O
If you use a microwave, you must
Clean up your own mess.
Attribute + condition Deontic
Action