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Ch. 3 India & ChinaSection Two: New
Empires in India
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I. The Mauryan Dynasty
•400 B.C. Persia threatened the Dynasty
•Alexander the Great invaded in 327 B.C.
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A. The Founding of the Mauryan Dynasty
•Chandragupta Maurya 324 to 301 B.C.
•Highly centralized & impartial power
•Provinces, ruled by governors
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B. The Reign of Asoka
•Asoka, grandson of Chandragupta Maurya
•*Asoka is considered the greatest ruler in the history of India
•Converted to Buddhism
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II. The Kushan Kingdom & the Silk Road
•100 B.C. founded by nomadic warriors, in Afghanistan
•Prospered on trade•Silk Road – a route between the
Roman Empire & China, so called because silk was China’s most valuable product (p. 83)
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The Kushan Kingdom & the Silk Road
•Stretched from the city of Changan in China to Antioch a port city in Syria on the Mediterranean Sea
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III. The Kingdom of the Guptas
•Chandragupta & son Samudragupta
•Dominate political force in northern India
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The Kingdom of the Guptas
•Faxian, a Chinese Buddhist monk spent years in northern India
•The Gupta Empire actively engaged in trade with China, Southeast Asia & the Mediterranean
•Mines of gold, silver
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Caves
Prince Gautama
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The Kingdom of the Guptas
•Profited from religious trade•Pilgrim – a person who travels to a shrine or other holy place (p.85)
•Invaded by the Huns in 5th century A.D.
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IV. The World of Indian Culture
•Literature, architecture and Science
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A. Literature: A Lasting Legacy
•Vedas, earliest known Indian literature
•Epic poems: Mahabharata & Ramayana
•Recount deeds of great warriors
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Literature: A Lasting Legacy
•Most famous poem, Bhagavad Gita
•The Ramayana was an account of the fictional ruler Rama
•Kalidasa most famous Indian author
•The Cloud Messenger
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B. Architecture
•The pillar, marked sites pertinent to the Buddha’s life
•The stupa, burial mounds & held relics
•The rock chamber, carved out of mountainsides
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stupa
http://www.sudarshanaloka.org/images/stupa2.JPG
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http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/000aa/000aab23.jpg
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C. Science•Astronomy•Aryabhata, the most famous mathematician
•*Created Algebra•Devised a decimal system of counting in tens
•Introduced the concept of zero