Download - Central Lect1
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
1/25
Central radiographic positioning
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
2/25
Introduction
Radiography of the skull requires a goodunderstanding of the related anatomy
The anatomy of the skull is very complexand requires careful and detailed study
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
3/25
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
4/25
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
5/25
Cranial bones
Cranial bones are divided into two mainparts:
Clavarium,4 bones, (skull cap)
Floor of the skul, 4 bones.
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
6/25
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
7/25
Floor
Right temporal
Left temporal
Sphenoid Ethmoid
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
8/25
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
9/25
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
10/25
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
11/25
Frontal bone
Forms the forehead (the squamous orvertical portion) and the superior part ofeach orbit (orbital or horizontal portion)
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
12/25
Landmarks of frontal bone (frontaland lateral views)
Glabella: is the smooth raised prominencebetween the eyebrows just above thebridge of the nose
Supraorbital groove (SOG): is the slightdepression above each eyebrow
Supraorbital margin (SOM): the superiorrim of each orbit
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
13/25
Skull landmarks (frontal and lateralviews)
Supraorbital notch (foramen): is a smallhole or opening within the supraorbitalmargin slightly medial to its midpoint
Sperciliary ridge (arch): the ridge of bonebeneath each eyebrow (the glabella islocated between the superciliary arches)
Frontal tuberosity (eminence): is a largerounded prominence above thesupraorbital grooves
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
14/25
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
15/25
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
16/25
Skull landmarks (inferior view)
Orbital plate: forms the superior part ofeach orbit
The nasal spine: found at the anterior endof the ethmoidal notch
Each orbital plate is separated from theother by the ethmoidal notch
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
17/25
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
18/25
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
19/25
Articulations of frontal bone
The frontal bone articulates with fourcranial bones: right and left parietals, thesphenoid, and the ethmoid
The frontal bone articulates with eightfacial bones
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
20/25
Parietal bones
Is roughly square in shape
It has a concave internal surface
Forms the lateral walls of the cranium and part
of the roof The widest portion of the entire skull is located
between the parietal tubercles
The frontal bone is primarily anterior to the
parietals, the occipital is posterior, the temporalsare inferior, and the greater wings of thesphenoid are inferior and anterior.
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
21/25
Articulation
Each parietal bone articulates with fivecranial bones:
1. The frontal
2. The occipital
3. A temporal
4. The sphenoid5. The opposite parietal
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
22/25
Occipital bone
Forms the inferoposterior portion of theclavarium
Squamous portion: a rounded part which
forms the external surface of the occipitalbone (superior to the external occipitalprotuberance)
external occipital protuberance or
inion: the prominent bump orprotuberance at the inferoposterior portionof the skull
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
23/25
Occipital bone
Foramen magnum: the large opening atthe base of the occipital bone throughwhich the spinal cord passes
Occipital condyles: oval processes withconvex surfaces on each side of theforamen magnum
Occipito-atlantal joint: two-partarticulation between the skull and thecervical spine
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
24/25
Articulations
The occipital articulates with six bones:
1. The two parietals
2. The two temporals3. The sphenoid
4. And the atlas
-
8/4/2019 Central Lect1
25/25
Thank you