Download - Case of the dividing cell
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The Case of the Dividing Cell
By Lauren and Robert
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Life Cycle of a Cell - Mitosis
Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis
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Interphase Longest stage 3 stages: G1, S, G2 G1 – cell accelerates biochemical processes that
were slowed down by mitosis S – DNA replication G2 – chromosomes condense
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Prophase
Spindle fiber is formed Centrioles are duplicated Nuclear envelope begins to break up
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Metaphase
Chromosomes line up in center of cell
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Anaphase
Chromosomes split Move to opposite sides of the cell
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Telophase
Chromosomes are completely separate Nuclear envelope begins to reform
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Cytokenesis
Cells split apart Two daughter cells result
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Cell Division – Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes use binary fission
DNA replicates; strands attach to membrane
Cell elongates; DNA separates
Cell wall and membrane grow from the center of cell causing division
Eukaryotes must go through all the steps of either mitosis or meiosis
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Meiosis
1st half (Meiosis 1) is the same as mitosis 2nd round skips the DNA replication 4 haploid daughter cells result
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Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Mitosis Asexual
reproduction 2 diploid cells result
Meiosis Sexual reproduction 4 haploid cells result
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Crossing Over Exchange of genetic material between
homologous chromosomes Occurs during Prophase 1 of Meiosis However, similarities in sequences can
cause non-homologous chromosomes to cross over with each other.
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Why is Meiosis Important for Sexual Reproduction?
Sexual reproduction uses two haploid cells They combine to produce a diploid offspring If the cells didn't divide a second time to
make a haploid, the offspring would have double the diploid