Download - Carbon & Carbohydrates Review
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Carbon &
Carbohydrates
Review
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compounds that contain carbon are called______________
•Organic
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compounds that DO NOT contain carbon are ________________
• Inorganic
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Carbon forms______ covalent bonds to become stable
•Four
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______________ is the simplest carbon compound (CH4)
•Methane
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Any molecule made ONLY of hydrogen and carbon atoms is a
______________________
•Hydrocarbon
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compounds that have the same formula but different structures are
called ___________________
• Isomers
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extremely large compounds made of smaller ones are called __________________.
•macromolecules
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large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together, usually in long chains is called a
_______________________________
•Polymer
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What is the basic building block of carbohydrates?
•monosaccharide
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What process allows body cells to make large compounds from building
blocks?
•Dehydration Synthesis
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The removal of –H and –OH (water)from the individual molecules so that a bond may form between them and result in a
more complex molecule is called ___________
•Dehydration synthesis
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The following, Monosaccharide + Monosaccharide---> Disaccharide + water
is an example of what process?
•Dehydration synthesis
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What process allows the digestive system to breakdown nutrients?
•Hydrolysis
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WHAT DO ATHLETES EAT THE DAY BEFORE A BIG GAME? WHY?
•Carbs. Because carbs. store and release
energy
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What is the function of carbohydrates?
•Compounds used for storage and release of
energy
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What atoms make up all carbohydrates?
•C,H,O
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What is the ratio of oxygen to hydrogen atoms in all
carbohydrates?
•Ratio is 1 Oxygen atom : 2 Hydrogen atoms
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List 2 types of Carbohydrates.
•Monosaccharides•Disaccharides•Polysaccharides
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List two examples of monosaccharides.
•Glucose•Fructose•Galactose
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What is the chemical formula for all monosaccharides?
•C6H12O6
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What is the chemical formula for all disaccharides?
•C12H22O11
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Double sugar made of 2 simple is called a ____________
•disaccharide
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List two examples of disaccharides
•Lactose•Maltose•Sucrose
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Lactose is commonly called what?
•Milk Sugar
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Sucrose is commonly called what?
•Table sugar
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The breaking of a large compound (polymer) into smaller compounds
(building blocks) through the addition of -H and –OH (water).
•Hydrolysis
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More than 2 monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis are called
__________
•Polysaccharide
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List two examples of polysaccharides.
•Starch•Glycogen•Cellulose
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What is starch’s function?
•Plant’s food storage
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What is glycogen’s function?
•Animals food storage
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What is cellulose’s function?
•provides structure in plant cell walls
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What is the alcohol group?
• -OH
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What is the amino group?
• -NH2
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What is the carboxyl group?
• -COOH
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What substance is the repeating unit that makes up starch, cellulose, and glycogen?
•Monosaccharide