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Capacitors
© 2011 Project Lead The Way, Inc.Magic of Electrons
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Capacitors
• Capacitors• Charging the Capacitor• Discharging the Capacitor
This presentation is intended to be used with Activity 6.2.5 Capacitors.
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CapacitorsCapacitor: An electrical device used to store electrical charge
Symbol for Circuit Diagrams
or
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DC
Capacitors
Capacitors allow current to flow through a circuit as they fill with a charge.
When the capacitor’s voltage supply matches the power source, current stops flowing.
DC_
+
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Capacitors
• Made of two layers of conductor and a layer of insulator.
• Electrolytic Capacitors
• Capacitance, measured in Farads (F)– 1 F = 6.28 x 1018 electrons– 1 µF = 6.28 x 1012 electrons
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Capacitors
• Stored energy in the capacitor is released in a quick burst unless slowed by resistance.
• Capacitors are found in almost all electronic devices.– They store energy, provide quick bursts of power, even out power if there is a small loss, etc.
• Capacitors are used for the flash in cameras.
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Charging CircuitDraw a schematic diagram of the following charging circuit, which includes a capacitor, a push switch, a LED, powered by a 6V DC power supply.
Just as an LED is polarity-sensitive, many capacitors are too. Look for an indication on the capacitor to verify.
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Discharging CircuitDraw a schematic diagram of the discharging circuit with a pushbutton switch, a LED, and a place for the charged capacitor to be placed.
Will the polarity of the capacitor affect this circuit? Explain.
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Charging the Capacitor
Place the smallest capacitor in the circuit. Push the switch, completing the circuit.
What did the LED do after the capacitor was plugged in?
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Discharging the CapacitorPlug the capacitor into the discharge circuit. Press the push switch.
What did the LED do?
Repeat the charge and discharge with the other capacitors provided.
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Image Resources
Microsoft, Inc. (2009). Clip Art. Retrieved January 22, 2009, from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx