J ILL PAVICH, NBCTJ I L L . PAV I CH@PAL MBE ACHS CHO O L S . O RG
* * *BOCA RATON COMMUNITY HIGH SCHOOL
Cambridge Teacher “Best Practices”
Workshop Program
BELLRINGER:
Leisurely “tour” the classroom stations as you enter.
Begin jotting down questions you have regarding the AICE: General Paper course.
Chat with those around you to generate and deepen your inquiries.
Continue to write questions down as the workshop progresses…answers often lead to more questions, so keep track of what you wonder, and hopefully, by the end of the session, you will learn all you need to know about AICE: GP!!
INTRODUCTIONS ACTIVATING INQUIRY SYLLABUS AIMS & ASSESSMENT
OBJECTIVES GP TOPICS “WHAT TO EXPECT WHEN YOU’RE
PREPPING”
WORKSHOP SESSION 1: Overview
Jill Pavich, Workshop Facilitator
Boca Raton High School, English Department (7 years)
AICE: General Paper, grades 9 & 10 (3 years)
Kent State University, English Education/Writing minor
Florida Atlantic University, Curriculum & Instruction/ELA
Nationally Board Certified (NBCT) in 2009
Reading Endorsed
ESOL Endorsed
I like the Pittsburgh Steelers and Yoga; and I’ll be a new mommy in just 8 weeks!
Boca Raton High School, AICE Accredited School
School Year:
AICE Course Offerings:
# of GP Students Tested:
BRHS Passing Rate:
Global Passing Rate:
2008-2009
3 97 100% 79.8%
2009-2010
5 214 96% 79.8%
2010-2011
19 490 95% 80.5%
2011-2012
19 (A & AS)
545 TBA TBA
What is AICE? What is GP?
AICE: Advanced International Certificate of
EducationGP:
General Paper Which means that the “Paper,” or essay, is about “General” topics that span the curriculum, from science and math all the way to literature and the arts.
The General Paper…what does it look like?
Administered in MAY/June and Oct./Nov.WRITTEN examination, 2 ESSAYS in 2
HOURS (1 day of testing)The exam paper is divided into three sections,
with five prompt options in each for a total of 15.Candidates must choose two questions, each
from a different section.Each essay is weighted at 50% of the final mark.Each essay written carries up to 30 marks for
Content and up to 20 marks for Use of English/ Conventions.
Sample Test/Mark Scheme Links:
May/June 2012 Exam http://lcamp.pbworks.com/f/Paper%20Topics.pdf
May/June 2012 Mark Scheme http://lcamp.pbworks.com/f/Marking%20Scheme(1).pd
f
Syllabus AIMS
promote the skills of rational thought, persuasion, analysis, interpretation and evaluation;
encourage the broad exploration and appraisal of social, cultural, economic, philosophical, scientific and technological issues;
promote maturity of thought and clarity of expression;
promote understanding and appreciation of individual, societal and cultural diversity;
encourage independent, critical reading.
Sample Syllabus Link:
2012 Syllabus Link: http://www.isz.co.tz/attachments/article/69/CIE%20A
%20level%20General%20studies%202.pdf
PLEASE NOTE: This is the former syllabus for the exam just recently administered. A more updated version can be found at www.cie.org.uk
Assessment Objectives
In the assessment, candidates should be able to demonstrate the following skills in relation to what they’ve learned in GP:
KNOWLEDGE
UNDERSTANDING
ANALYSIS
APPLICATION
COMMUNICATION
EVALUATION
Topic Areas and Essay Question Focus
The topics for this course span the curriculum.
The good news is…students will arrive with at least ONE area of interest or expertise, which will naturally enhance the learning environment.
The downside is…there is still much to be covered in terms of topics.
Luckily…after all of your hard work is through, the students will thank you for how much they’ve learned in this course, deeming it well worth it!
SECTION 1: Historical, Social, Economic, Political and
Philosophical
the role of history and war; terrorism the role of the individual in society – the family, marriage, peer
pressure, social class cultural changes – youth and drug culture education and welfare sport, leisure, international competition wealth; changes in work practice the importance and impact of tourism on a country – implications for
the economy, employment public transport, environmental concerns aid provision the State and its institutions; development of State, democracy post-
imperialism, nationalism minority groups, pressure groups freedom of speech, action, thought Judiciary matters of conscience, faith, tolerance, equality.
SECTION 2: Science, Geography, Math
medical dilemmas and issues of research and ethics; concept of progress in science
drug manufacture and provision diet, health education old and new industries spin-offs from space industry; weaponry information and communications technology; the Internet environmental concerns; renewable energy resources; climate
change migration; population dynamics feeding the global population; farming techniques for the twenty-
first century public transport and travel the uses and applications of mathematics in everyday life.
SECTION 3: Literature , Language, Arts and Crafts
literature, biography, diary, science fictionlanguage – heritage, tradition, dialectthe global media – tv, radio, satellite; influence and
controls; effects on lifestyle, culture and habitscultural dilution and diversification; advertising; role
modelscensorship; privacy; the right to know; freedom of the
press, etc. uses and abusestraditional arts and crafts; creativity; national
heritage/preservation; effects of tourismarchitecture; painting; fashion; photography;
sculpture; music; heritage, etc.
Cambridge VS. Pavich:
CAMBRIDGE: The GP exam is “not primarily a test of general
knowledge” and “teachers [need not] cover all topic areas when teaching the course, as candidates should be able to draw upon knowledge and understanding gained when studying other subjects.”
THE KEY WORD HERE IS “SHOULD”…
PAVICH: In my experiences teaching both freshmen and
sophomore GP, here’s what I’ve noticed…
9th Grade: 10th Grade:
No history class
General scienceRestrictions on
coursework (STEM)Limited exposure
to AP and certain electives
AP World History or AICE: International
AP or AICE Biology
Students more apt to take more AP as they mature
Less limits on electives
High School Curriculum:
The Fact of the Matter is…
We really do have our work cut out for us if we want our students to walk IN to the exam with a smile and also come OUT with a smile…
This course is not for the faint of heart (students and teachers included!)
This course is not your average English class, which can scare students…
Teachers are somewhat expected to be the “jack of all trades,” which can be intimidating!
BUT NOT TO WORRY…WE’VE GOT ANSWERS FOR YOU AS YOU BEGIN YOUR AWESOME GP JOURNEY!!!
What To Expect While You’re Prepping
FOOD FOR THOUGHT…
Anticipate the “snags” while you navigate the curriculum and steer the student population…
Any Burning Questions So Far?
EMAIL ME!
Through the blog: www.theglobalpen.com [email protected]
Through the school district: [email protected]
TYPES OF ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS-IDENTIFYING & INTERPRETING
WORKSHOP SESSION 2: Curriculum Discussion
Essay Simulation
“You gotta go there to know there.” –Zora Neale Hurston
The best way to know the curriculum is to experience it for yourself! As soon as you receive your “exam,” read the directions on the front and begin:
Select the 2 essay prompts you would pick if this were a real test situation.
Take about 5-7 minutes to jot a few ideas you’d explore as support for each.
Talk to Me:Are you smarter than a high schooler? Did you pick essay prompts from different
sections?Did you notice the different essay styles
contained on the exam? Did this play a role in your selection of prompts?
What prompts did you avoid? Why?What prompts enticed you? Why?What support ideas did you come up with as
you brainstormed? Share them!
Prompt Identification
There are three basic types of essay tasks that the GP assesses. Look at the Sample Test; carefully consider each prompt.
Discussing your thoughts with a partner, determine whether the prompt is:
• EXPOSITORY,• PERSUASIVE, or• DISCURSIVE
Underline any key words that help you to arrive at your answer.
Write your answer in the left-hand margin of the test next to the prompt.
Essay Styles EXPOSITORY
GOAL: to provide information; to objectively EXPLAIN, define,
clarify or interpret… UNIQUENESSES:
doesn’t require an argument! Just tell it like it is!
PERSUASIVE GOAL:
to take a specific stance on an issue in order to CONVINCE the reader to adopt your way of thinking; to anticipate opposing viewpoints and refute via counter-argument
UNIQUENESSES: biased! Takes ONE side and defends that side ONLY!!
Never supports the opposition, not even for a minute.
Essay Styles Con’t
The third style of essay is, perhaps, brand new to you… DISCURSIVE (most advanced…pros and cons, oh
my!) GOAL:
asks you to consider BOTH sides of a single issue, objectively analyzing each before arriving at any kind of value judgment.
Basic Layout: Begin with a neutral introduction, provide evidence
for the case, provide evidence against the case, conclude by either adopting one side of the argument or maintaining a neutral (middle-of-the- road) standpoint.
Prompt Identification: Section 1
1. How far do you agree that an [sic] hereditary monarch as Head of State is preferable to an elected president?
2. “History repeats itself.” To what extent do you agree?
3. Should every country have the right to possess weapons of war?
4. “No man is an island.” Discuss. 5. Should women be more prominent in public
life in your country?
KEY: Prompt Identification: Section 11. How far do you agree that an [sic]
hereditary monarch as Head of State is preferable to an elected president? (Discursive)
2. “History repeats itself.” To what extent do you agree? (Discursive)
3. Should every country have the right to possess weapons of war? (Persuasive)
4. “No man is an island.” Discuss. (Discursive)
5. Should women be more prominent in public life in your country? (Persuasive)
Prompt Identification: Section 2
6. ‘Human beings should look forward to the next century with pessimism, not optimism.’ Discuss.
7. Assess the ability of technology to ensure human happiness in the present society.
8. Account for the ever-increasing popularity of numbers and word puzzles.
9. Consider the problem of noise in society and ways to reduce it.
10. Consider the case for and against stem cell research.
KEY: Prompt Identification: Section 2
6. ‘Human beings should look forward to the next century with pessimism, not optimism.’ Discuss. (Discursive)
7. Assess the ability of technology to ensure human happiness in the present society. (Discursive)
8. Account for the ever-increasing popularity of numbers and word puzzles. (Expository)
9. Consider the problem of noise in society and ways to reduce it. (Expository)
10. Consider the case for and against stem cell research. (Discursive)
Prompt Identification: Section 3
11. “A book has one purpose: to entertain.” Evaluate this statement.
12. What music appeals to you and why?13. Is it important to preserve old buildings or
to encourage new forms of architecture?
14. Explain the popularity of designer labels. 15. Consider the artistic and social value of
cartoons and/or animated films.
KEY: Prompt Identification: Section 3
11. “A book has one purpose: to entertain.” Evaluate this statement. (Discursive)
12. What music appeals to you and why? (Expository)
13. Is it important to preserve old buildings or to encourage new forms of architecture? (Persuasive)
14. Explain the popularity of designer labels. (Expository)
15. Consider the artistic and social value of cartoons and/or animated films. (Discursive)
PROMPT TASKS…a Guide to SuccessWe will discuss much when it comes to
decoding prompts, but here are your GOLDEN RULES when determining the style of your essay:
GOLDEN RULE #1… Once a Discursive, always a Discursive.
GOLDEN RULE #2… Persuasive is fine, but add to refine!
GOLDEN RULE #3… It might be expository, but don’t get freaked if you
feel like the force is with you…(every time we put the pen to paper we are arguing-ish!)
Prompt Interpretation
Students learn to decode the style of the essay pretty easily, but the hard part of prompt selection often lies in interpreting what it wants you to talk about.
Interpret the following prompt:
How successfully is crime being tackled in your
society?
Prompt Interpretation
How successfully is crime
tackled in your society?
Discursive Style required
Political crime, social crime, environmental crime, white-collar crime, cyber-crime, etc.
“Your” involves YOU! You may discuss your AMERICAN society, OR if you indicate that you consider yourself a member of GLOBAL society or MODERN society, for example, you can broaden your coverage.
Handled, Halted, Minimized
Broad Term? Get Your Hands Dirty!
CRIME
Science/Tech.Environment
Politics/Gov’t
Social/Cultural
Media, Entertainment
Prompt Interpretation: Freedoms and Limitations
Take a second look at the test…identify valuable TRIGGER WORDS by indicating which words open up or set limits on the prompt itself. WIDE-OPEN INTERPRETATION:
Should teenagers be more actively involved in politics? Teens in America? China? Cuba? Canada? Politics regarding the elections? Human rights? Education?
The environment? LIMITS SET:
Consider the case for and against stem cell research. Very specific…you may only talk about stem cell research, no
other kind of scientific innovation. Other words that tend to limit: always, only, alone, certain, most,
etc. Adjectives that suggest/emphasize: powerful, meaningless
Prompt Picking: Terms to Consider Closely
1. How far do you agree that an [sic] hereditary monarch as Head of State is preferable to an elected president?
2. “History repeats itself.” To what extent do you agree? 3. Should every country have the right to possess weapons of war?4. “No man is an island.” Discuss. 5. Should women be more prominent in public life in your country? 6. ‘Human beings should look forward to the next century with pessimism, not
optimism.’ Discuss.7. Assess the ability of technology to ensure human happiness in the present
society.8. Account for the ever-increasing popularity of numbers and word puzzles. 9. Consider the problem of noise in society and ways to reduce it. 10. Consider the case for and against stem cell research. 11. “A book has one purpose: to entertain.” Evaluate this statement. 12. What music appeals to you and why?13. Is it important to preserve old buildings or to encourage new forms of
architecture?14. Explain the popularity of designer labels. 15. Consider the artistic and social value of cartoons and/or animated films.
Hand-picked Prompts: What We Can Learn From This List…
“Scary” prompts exist. Look the monster in the face and move on. (# 1, 9, 14)
Many terms are broader than students realize…use the Hand Approach to open up options! (# 2, 4)
Upgrades enhance. (# 3)
Attempt to anticipate ‘hot buttons’ and classic debates, and research them. (# 5, 10)
Hand-picked Prompts: What We Can Learn From This List…
Pop culture beware! Fluff zone ahead… (# 7, 12, 14, 15)
We sure can’t teach it all (or we’d be slaves to fashion, apparently!) (# 14, 8)
Old vs. New…a Cambridge favorite (# 13)
Watch out for multi-tasking…read carefully and answer all aspects of the question! (# 15, 7)
Seeing Double: Prompt Recycling
Want to know a TOP SECRET bit of information?
What does that mean? Observe:__________________________________________
Technology is more of a curse than a blessing in the workplace. Do you agree?
Discuss the view that the Internet can be more harmful than helpful.
Are mobile phones more of a nuisance than a benefit?
The AICE: GP Exam RECYCLES prompts!! (How ‘green’ of them…!)
How does this impact you? STUDENTS can RECYCLE Content!!!!
Other Considerations When Decoding Prompts:
How important are local artists, such as painters, writers and musicians in your society?
Consider adverts you know well and suggest reasons for their impact.
Can child labour ever be justified? (favourite, criticise)
Evaluate the characteristics that make the people of your country unique as a nation.
Do economic sanctions serve any useful purpose? (globalization, modernization, privatization, outsourcing, etc.)
‘Knowledge is power.’ Discuss.
CIE RESOURCES + TEACHER SUPPORT WEBSITE
RUBRIC & SCORING BASICS JUNE 2011: EXAM, MARK
SCHEME, EXAMINER’S REPORTS
COMMENT TRENDS
WORKSHOP SESSION 3: Past Examinations
SCORING
The AICE: General Paper exam grades students on two aspects of the final product essay: CONTENT (30 points) CONVENTIONS (20 points)……………………..2 ESSAYS = 100pts max
So do their facts need to be accurate? YES!!!Do they need to cross all t’s and dot all i’s? YES!!!!
BAND 1 = BESTBAND 5 = WORST
View the RUBRICS for a quick understanding of the scoring process.
PREPARING TO WRITE A DISCURSIVE ESSAY…
Sample Lesson:STUDENT SIMULATION
PROMPT
(-)(+)
A
A B
BLOGICAL POINT / THEME primary example * details secondary example * details
LOGICAL POINT / THEME
primary example * details secondary example * details
LOGICAL POINT / THEME primary example * details secondary example * details
LOGICAL POINT / THEME
primary example * details secondary example * details
Assess society’s record on human rights.
Assess society’s record on human rights.
Discursive promptGood or bad…
• Civil rights/liberties• Women’s rights• Gay rights• Equality: race/culture• Labor rights• Children’s rights
(-) (+)
Assess society’s record regarding human rights.
(-)(+)A
A B
B RIGHTS IN THE U.S. Women’s Rights 1920’s Suffragette Movement Habeus Corpus/Fair Trial Rights “innocent until proven guilty”; “protection against cruel and unusual punishment”; “Miranda Rights”
RIGHTS ABROAD Labor Rights Honda Factory Strike; Child Labor policies Democratic Rights Botswana—new dem. gov’t; Afghanistan—efforts to instill democratic values
RIGHTS ABROAD Women’s Rights Iraq-wearing the abaya as trad’l garb; China’s one-child policy Children’s Rights Child soldiers in: - Somalia - Sierra Leone
RIGHTS IN THE U.S. Gay Rights “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” Policy; Proposition 8 Religious Rights Mosque-building in NYC
Generating Ideas
But how do I find ideas?? T h i n k G P R E L E VA N C E … ! ! !
State, national, international Past history, current events Consider all academic categories
Use the Hand Approach to help you…
THUMB: SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
INDEX: GOVERNMEN
T and POLITICS
MIDDLE: ENVIRONMEN
T
RING: SOCIAL
RELATIONSHIPS
PINKY: MEDIA,
SPORTS and ENTERTAINM
ENT
PROMPT
CREDITS: Teaching the General Paper: Strategies That Work, By Teachers, For TeachersNational Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological UniversityEdited by Caroline Ho, Peter Teo, Tay May Yin (2006)
“History repeats itself.” Discuss.
“History repeats itself.” Discuss.
SCI/TECH: Repeats—
nuclear threats with USSR then
and Iran now are similar Doesn’t—innovative
military technology
i.e. drones of today replace
kamikazi missions of
old
GOV’T: Repeats—economic slump:
the Great Depression and the 2008 Recession.
Doesn’t—terrorist invasion ie. 9/11 heightened awareness and security precautions
ENVIRON.: Repeats—effects of oil
spills on ecosystem i.e. Exxon Valdez
and Deepwater
Horizon Doesn’t—
epidemics and pandemics no
longer as drastic i.e. Bubonic
Plague vs. Swine Flu
SOCIAL: Repeats—
religious unrest in ie. Irish
Catholics then similar to Muslim
Americans nowDoesn’t—
women’s rights i.e. suffragette
movement; political
leadership
ENTERTAINMENT: Repeats—violence in sports ie. Political riots during Yugoslavic war
then and terrorist threats at recent World
Cup (Uganda) now Doesn’t—reality t.v. phenomenon in 21st
century
Now You Try It:
Writing the discursive essay requires one to think BEYOND one’s own personal world. Look at the prompt below:
“The truth should always be told, whatever the cost.” Discuss.
As an AICE writer, students must elevate their discussion of this topic beyond the personal realm…
TASK: Bring “GP Relevance” to the essay by applying the Hand Approach to this prompt.
THUMB: Science and Technology
Medical field TELL THE TRUTH…
Hippocratic Oath VS. WITHHOLD THE TRUTH…
Placebo Effect
INDEX: Government and Politics
TELL THE TRUTH… Obama’s “open door” policy
VS.WITHHOLD THE TRUTH…
FDR, who hid his polio to avoid appearing “weak” to the public eye
MIDDLE: Environment
TELL THE TRUTH… Al Gore’s, An Inconvenient Truth
VS.WITHHOLD THE TRUTH…
Resource-rich areas that reveal such truths/ discoveries may be taken advantage of as a result
RING: Social Relationships
TELL THE TRUTH… AIDS patients
VS.WITHHOLD THE TRUTH…
“Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” Policy (note: recently abolished…)
PINKY: Media, Sports and Entertainment
TELL THE TRUTH… Libel/Slander
VS.WITHHOLD THE TRUTH…
Gambling for sport and the “poker face”
NOW WE KNOW WHAT THE QUESTION IS ASKING US (BY BREAKING DOWN THE
PROMPT)
AND WE KNOW HOW TO GENERATE IDEAS (THAT ARE “GP RELEVANT”)…
NEXT STEP?
WE WILL LEARN HOW TO ACTUALLY PUT THIS DIRECTION AND THESE IDEAS INTO
AN ESSAY!! ! GET READY TO ROCK, GP-STYLE!
Discuss prompt identification and interpretation with students before
writing. Then ask them: WHAT DID WE LEARN?
THE GLOBAL PEN:WWW.THEGLOBALPEN.COM
EMAIL ME: [email protected]
Visit my BLOG for GP Teacher SUPPORT!!!