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Formoreinforma+onaboutphenologyandtheCaliforniaPhenologyProject(CPP),pleasevisittheCPPwebsite(www.usanpn.org/cpp)andtheUSA-NPNwebsite(www.usanpn.org)
Whatdoesthisspecieslooklike?Commoncowparsnipisaperennial,herbaceousplantgrowing3to10feettall.Thelargebroadleavesarelobedandithasthick,hairystems.Onanindividualplant,thesmallwhiteflowerseitherhavebothmaleandfemalepartsorhaveonlymaleparts.Flowersaregroupedintosmallclustersthatareassembledintolarger,showier,flat-toppedclustersthatresembleumbrellas.Thisisatypeofcompoundinflorescencecalledan“umbel”.
CaliforniaPhenologyProject:speciesprofilefor
CommonCowparsnip(Heracleummaximum)
Photocredit:JerryOldene1el(Flickr)
Speciesfacts!• TheCPPforleOercodeforthisspeciesisHELA(this
specieswasformerlynamedHeracleumlanatum).• Inthecarrotfamily,Apiaceae.• Thisspeciesisphototoxic;meaningwhencompoundsare
exposedtophotonsandcomeintocontactwithskintheyreacttocausearash.
• CommoncowparsnipwasusedbyNa+veAmericansforfoodandmedicine;thetoxiceffectswerereducedavoidedbypeelingthestalks,andselec+ngtheyoungestgrowth.
Whereisthisspeciesfound?• Inmoisttosemi-wet,well-drainedsoils.• Prefersloamandsandyloamsoilsandclayandgravelly
substrates.• Foundinwoodlands,forestopenings,grasslands,and
riparianareas.• Foundateleva+onslessthan2900meters(Note:
accordingtotheJepsonmanual).Photocredit:JamesGaither(Flickr)
CPPsite(s)wherethisspeciesismonitored:GoldenGateNa+onalRecrea+onArea,RedwoodNa+onalPark
Photocredit:JerryOldene1el(Flickr)
Whenmonitoringthisspecies,usetheUSA-NPNforbsdatasheet.
Version3,May2016
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CaliforniaPhenologyProject:speciesprofilefor
CommonCowparsnip(Heracleummaximum)
OpenflowersEachsmallflowertypicallyhasbothmaleandfemaleparts;manysmallflowersmakeupeachcluster.Propor>onofopenflowersshouldberecordedatthescaleofindividualflowers,notinflorescences(i.e.countindividualflowers)!
Ini>algrowth
FlowersorflowerbudsWhenmonitoringflowerorflowerbudabundanceforthisspecies,counteachinflorescenceasasinglefloweringstructure!Forexample,iftherearetwoinflorescenceswithmanyflowersorbudseach,thenabundanceshouldberecordedas<3.
RipefruitsThefruitisripewhenitisdryandlight-green,white,tan,orbrown,anddisplayingfourconspicuousverRcalpurplelines.Note:fruitphenophasesarenested;ifyourecordYfor“ripefruits”youshouldalsorecordYto“fruits”
Phenophasesnotpictured:Recentfruitorseeddrop
FruitsThefruitisaRnyfla1enedcapsulethatchangesfromgreentolight-green,white,tan,orbrownanddisplayingfourconspicuousverRcalpurplelines.
Leaves
BrianHaggerty
BrianHaggerty
StevenKrause BrianHaggerty
BrianHaggerty
MiguelViera
Version3,May2016
Note:flowerphenophasesarenested;ifyourecordYfor“openflowers”youshouldalsorecordYfor“flowersorflowerbuds”
BrianHaggerty