![Page 1: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cadre and CottonCadre and Cotton“A Peanut Producer’s “A Peanut Producer’s
Dilemma”Dilemma”
E. P. Prostko, A. S. Culpepper, T. L. Grey,
C. W. Bednarz, and W. D. Duffie
University of Georgia
Tifton
![Page 2: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Cadre in PeanutsCadre in Peanuts discovered (1981)discovered (1981) field tested (1989)field tested (1989) EUP’s (1993-95)EUP’s (1993-95) labeled (1996)labeled (1996) excellent control of excellent control of
nutsedge complexnutsedge complex G-E control of many G-E control of many
other speciesother species
18 Month Cotton Rotation18 Month Cotton Rotation
![Page 3: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Cotton in GeorgiaCotton in GeorgiaPlanted Acres 1989-2001Planted Acres 1989-2001
0
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
Year
Acr
es (
X 1
000)
Source: GASS
![Page 4: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Cadre Injury SymptomsCadre Injury Symptoms
stuntingstunting shortened shortened
internodes internodes yellowish-orange yellowish-orange
leaf color (lime)leaf color (lime) unpredictableunpredictable
![Page 5: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What do we What do we know about Cadre?know about Cadre?
![Page 6: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CadreCadre Behavior in EnvironmentBehavior in Environment
120 day half life120 day half life upper 12-18”upper 12-18” degradation degradation
* microbial* microbial
* photolysis??* photolysis??
Source: WSSA Herbicide Handbook
![Page 7: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Factors that Promote Microbial Factors that Promote Microbial Degradation of PesticidesDegradation of Pesticides
adequate moistureadequate moisture warm soil temperatures (75-90warm soil temperatures (75-9000F)F) favorable soil pH (> 5.5)favorable soil pH (> 5.5) good aerationgood aeration
![Page 8: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Other Soil Properties that Other Soil Properties that Influence IMI PersistenceInfluence IMI Persistence
higher OM soils higher OM soils heavier soils (i.e. more clay)heavier soils (i.e. more clay) low pH ( low pH ( << 5.5) 5.5)
Why?Why?
* Increased adsorption which reduces * Increased adsorption which reduces herbicide availability for microbial herbicide availability for microbial degradationdegradation
![Page 9: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Now you see it, Now you see it, now you don’t?now you don’t?
![Page 10: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Seed Cotton Yield Response Seed Cotton Yield Response to Cadre Residues in North to Cadre Residues in North
CarolinaCarolina
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
1992 1993-94
Year
kg/h
a
Untreated Cadre (0.5x) Cadre (1X) Cadre (2X)
York et al., 2000 DES 119
![Page 11: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
How much Cadre How much Cadre does it take to does it take to cause injury?cause injury?
![Page 12: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Cotton Yield Response toCotton Yield Response to PPI Applications of Cadre PPI Applications of Cadre
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
0.032 0.016 0.008 0.004 0.002 0.001 0
Cadre Rate (lb ai/A)
See
d C
otto
n Y
ield
(lb
s/A
)
Averaged over 2 varieties(DP33B, SG501BG/RR) Tifton, GA 2000LSD 0.05 = 336
**
![Page 13: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Cotton Yield Response to Cotton Yield Response to PRE Applications of CadrePRE Applications of Cadre
0
1000
2000
3000
0.032 0.016 0.008 0.004 0.002 0.001 0
Cadre Rate (lb ai/A)
See
d C
otto
n Y
ield
(lb
s/A
)
Averaged over 2 varieties(ST4892RR/BG, ST4691BG) Plains, GA 2000LSD 0.05 = 712
**
*
![Page 14: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
How much yield loss How much yield loss does Cadre carryover does Cadre carryover
actually cause?actually cause?
![Page 15: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Cadre Carryover in CottonCadre Carryover in CottonBrooks County, GA - 2000Brooks County, GA - 2000
674 lbs 770 lbs 770 lbs
1540 lbs 1348 lbs 1220 lbs
738 lbs/A738 lbs/A(lint yield)(lint yield)
1369 lbs/A1369 lbs/A
6/09/006/09/00
![Page 16: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Are there variety Are there variety differences?differences?
![Page 17: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Cotton Variety Response to Cotton Variety Response to Cadre at 8 PPB - 9 WATCadre at 8 PPB - 9 WAT
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Delta Pearl
DP33B
DP5415
DP458
ST4892
STX9903
BXN47
FM989
AP6101
GA161
SG125
Injury (%)Tifton, GA
ef
effg
deffg
fgdefdef
fgfg
g
![Page 18: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Cotton Variety Response to Cotton Variety Response to Cadre at 16 PPB - 9 WATCadre at 16 PPB - 9 WAT
0 20 40 60 80 100
Delta Pearl
DP33B
DP5415
DP458
ST4892
STX9903
BXN47
FM989
AP6101
GA161
SG125
Injury (%)Tifton, GA
aaba
abcabab
aabc
cdebcd
a
![Page 19: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
SummarySummary
cotton tolerant of 1/16-1/8X ratescotton tolerant of 1/16-1/8X rates carryover caused 46% yield losscarryover caused 46% yield loss no significant variety differencesno significant variety differences
* AP 6101* AP 6101
* GA 161 (Phytogen)* GA 161 (Phytogen)
![Page 20: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
What can growers do?What can growers do?
follow 18 month restrictionfollow 18 month restriction reduced rates of Cadre?reduced rates of Cadre? banded applicationsbanded applications Cadre on irrigated fields only?Cadre on irrigated fields only? foliar fertilization?foliar fertilization? optimum pH and nutrient levelsoptimum pH and nutrient levels plant suspect fields last plant suspect fields last
![Page 21: Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062500/5681593c550346895dc6788c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
University ofGeorgia
ExtensionWeed Science(gaweed.com)