Download - C5 simple covalent-bonding
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Covalent bonding
Learning objectives:
1. How can I draw covalent bonds?2. What are covalent bonds?
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Starter - match these up!
• Carbon dioxide
• Water
• Chlorine
• Oxygen
• Methane
• Hydrogen
• Cl2
• O2
• CO2
• CH4
• H2
• H2O
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Metals and Non-metals
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Complete exam questions on the next slide.
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(a) What is the formula of methane? ..........................................................................(1) (b) Choose a word from the box to answer the question.Which of the words best describes the methane particle shown in the diagram?
(1)
(c) Choose a word from the box to answer the question.What is the type of bonding shown in the diagram?
(1)
(Total 3 marks)
atom ion molecule
covalent ionic metallic
1. The diagram represents a particle of methane.
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Study and take notesFind out what covalent bond is and how
to draw covalent bonds.
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Cl
incomplete outer shells
The shared electrons join the atoms together. This is called a covalent bond.
The two non-metal atoms cannot form a bond by transferring electrons from one to another. Instead, they share electrons.
Each atom now has a full, stable outer shell.
Cl Cl
Cl
What is a covalent bond?
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solid
line
Cl Cl–
–Cl Cl
A covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons.
Cl Cl
covalent bond
Cl
outer shell
dot and cross
diagram
Cl
Drawing covalent bonds
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Rules of Covalent bonding
o Needs 2 or more NON-METAL ATOMS
o Electrons are SHARED to complete the shells
o The electron shells overlap.
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Drawing Molymods
To do:
Next practice drawing covalent bonds for different molecules.
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How many bonds?
What element
s?
1 2 3 4
O
Cl
H N C
• Hydrogen (H2)
• Chlorine (Cl2) • Hydrogen chloride (HCl)
•Water (H2O) •Methane (CH4) •Ammonia (NH3)
EXTENSION – draw O2 and CO2
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Plenary – Ionic or Covalent• Using your periodic tables work out which
type of bonding will be shown in these compounds!
• Extension– draw an ionic compound and a covalent compounds
MgOCl2
NaCl
Li2O
HClCaCl2NH3
CH4
Br2
N2
H2O
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O C
ClCl
Hint Sheet
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O C
ClH
Hint Sheet