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C. Tenopir 1
Scholarly Publishing at the Crossroads
Carol TenopirUniversity of Tennessee
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2C. Tenopir
Scholarly Publishing at the Crossroads
SPARCSociety Publishers
Commercial Publishers
Bio
Med
Cen
tral
Inst
itutio
nal R
epos
itorie
s
E-Print Service
Self-Archives
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3C. Tenopir
Three Main Models
1. With Traditional Publishers
2. New Relationship with Publishers
3. Without Traditional Publishers
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4C. Tenopir
With Traditional Publishers
• Society Publishers 23%• Commercial Publishers 40%• Other 21%• Educational 16%
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5C. Tenopir
New Relationships
• SPARC (Scholarly Publishing and Academic Researches Coalition)
• BioMed Central• Public Library of Science• Budapest Open Archives Initiative
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6C. Tenopir
Without Traditional Publishers
• Institutional Repositories (“University Archiving”)
• Self-Archiving
• E-Print Service (e.g., arXiv.org)
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7C. Tenopir
Awareness of E-print Services (in percent of respondents)
ArXiv.org PrePrint Other Network
AAS 84.5% 4.7% u/k
ORNL 49% 25% u/k
UTK 8% 6% 4%
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8C. Tenopir
Electronic Articles Reading
E-journals E-prints Other Total
AAS 58.6% 18.3% 2% 78.9%
ORNL 17.3% 3.6% 14% 34.9%
UTK 15% ~15% 5% ~35%
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9C. Tenopir
Periodicals
Number of online refereed scholarly periodicals ~12,000
Number of refereed scholarly periodicals ~15,000
Total number of periodicals ~250,000
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10C. Tenopir
Costs for a 500-Subscriber Print Journal
• Reproduction/ Distribution 11%
• Fixed (front-end) 89% -- Intellectual/ Educational
75%
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11C. Tenopir
Publishing Chain
Reader AuthorLi
bra
ry
Consorti
a
Indexer
Vendo
r
Publis
he
r
Editor
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12C. Tenopir
Publishing Chain
Reader AuthorLi
bra
ry
Consorti
a
Indexer
Vendo
r
Publis
he
r
Editor
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13C. Tenopir
Publishing Chain
Reader AuthorLi
bra
ry
Consorti
a
Indexer
Vendo
r
Publis
he
r
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14C. Tenopir
Publishing Chain
Reader AuthorLi
bra
ry
Consorti
a
Indexer
Vendo
r
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15C. Tenopir
Publishing Chain
Reader AuthorLi
bra
ry
Consorti
a
Indexer
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16C. Tenopir
Publishing Chain
Reader AuthorLi
bra
ry
Consorti
a
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17C. Tenopir
Publishing Chain
Reader AuthorLi
bra
ry
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18C. Tenopir
Publishing Chain
Reader Author
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19C. Tenopir
Purposes of Scholarly Publishing
• Authority• Quality• Accessibility• Longevity• Priority and Recognition
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20C. Tenopir
What is Needed to Substitute?
• Authors
• Universities
• Another not-for-profit body
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21C. Tenopir
What is Needed?
• Commitment
• Adherence to Standards
• Multiple Solutions
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22C. Tenopir
Closing Words
• Electronic publishing doesn’t drastically reduce costs
• Intellectual costs are highest• Must work together• Multiple co-existing alternatives