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By Rini Agustin
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Introduction Radioctive and How radioactive is
produced : atom, radioactivity and radioactive decay
Radiopharmaceutical preparation Label compound Kit radiopharmacy Quality control of radiopharmaceutical Protection of Radiation Clinical application of radiopharmaceuical in
organ system of body
Radio Pharmacy (2 SKS)
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Saha.B.Gopal,( 2004), Fundamentals of Nuclear Pharmacy, fifth ed, New York.
Anonym ( 1994), Dep Kes RI, Farmakope Indonesia, ed IV
European Association of Nuclear Medicine, The Radiopharmacy : A technology Guide
cGRPP-guidelines, version2 March 2007,EANM Radiopharmacy Committee, Guidelines On Current Good Radiopharmacy Practice (Cgrpp) In The Preparation of Radiopharmaceuticals
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Trefoil first appeared in 1946
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SRA plus syndroma kutanius Chernobyl
An accident in Radiography industry, in Yanango, Lima PERUIr-192 (37 Ci / 1,37 TBq), 20 Feb. 1999
What is on your mind if you hear radioactive ?
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Radioactive/radioisotope is unstable isotope which are distinguishable by radioactive transformation.
Isotope of an atom have the same number of protons (atomic number), but a different number of neutrons.
nucleus:
neutron
protonnucleon
XZ
A A = mass number
= proton + netron
Z = atomic number
Do you know radioactive?
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Radioactivity: the process in which an unstable isotope undergoes changes until a stable state is reached and in the transformation emits energy in the form of radiation (alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays).
Radiation refers to particles or waves coming from the nucleus of the atom (radioisotope or radionuclide) through which the atom attempts to attain a more stable configuration.
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1- Natural radioactivity: Nuclear reactions occur spontaneously (cosmic radiation, water, solar radiation, terrestrial
radionuclides))
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Radiation have used in health, Industry, Agriculture, Army, Power supply, Chemistry and nuclear medicineIn Health : RadiopharmaceuticalsIndustry : Cs-137, Co-60, Ir-192 for radiography, Logging dan Gauging (Cs 137 & Co-60).Agronomy : P-32, for fertilizer.Army: Th-237, Cs-137Nuclear medicine : organ Imaging , Gamma Camera, MRI
Radioactive is not always something that we affraid of it, but it is also helpfull to human life
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A radiopharmaceutical (Radiopharmacy) is
a radioactive compound used for the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of human diseases
( Melichart, saha )
Radiopharmaceuticals
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In Nuclear Medicine - in the form of diagnostics, treatment, reasearch and
clinical trials. Radiopharmacy = Nuclear Pharmacy medicinal products for use in diagnosis and therapy =
radiopharmaceuticals
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Sagital
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Barium swallow – examination of upper GI tract Non-imaging diagnostics
Radioactive Isotope labelling for tracing i.e. More specific tests for thyroid function, renal function
and vitamin adsorption. used in tracer techniques for measuring physiological
parameters (e.g. 51 Cr-EDTA for measuring glomerular filtration rate).
Radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic imaging
(e.g.99m TC-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) used in bone scanning, Non-osseus uptake Tc-99m MDP : Pulmonary Carcinoma).
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Chromic phosphate P32 for lung, ovarian, uterine, and
prostate cancers
Sodium iodide I 131 for thyroid cancer
Samarium Sm 153 for cancerous bone tissue
Sodium phosphate P 32 for cancerous bone tissue and other
types of cancers
Strontium chloride Sr 89 for cancerous bone tissue
Palliative treatment - refers to the management of symptoms
when the underlying disease is untreatable or terminal.
Radiotherapy may aid in prolonging the life of dying patients.
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The use of Radioactive in clinical application : in
nuclear medicine and radiopharmacy, medicinal
products used for diagnostic and therapy
It require very specialist radioactive substances, A
specialist discipline, “Specials” licensure, specialist
knowledge and skill