BY RICKY BENNER AND STEFANIE RICHMAN
Penny Stacking
Procedure for Penny Stacking
Subjects had to stack as many pennies in piles of 10 as they could in 60 seconds, but they could only stack them on the table one at a time Though subjects were not supposed to stack pennies
in their hand and before placing them on the table, lack of consistent clarity in rules caused the collection of an outlier
Subjects could pick pennies out of the cup, or place them in their hand or on the table
Graphical Display of Penny Stacking
1
2
3
4
5
6
Pennies_Stacked
30 40 50 60 70
Penny Collection HistogramPenny Collection
Pennies_Stacked
39.9688
29
33
39.6316
43
63
7.69897
S1 = meanS2 = minS3 = Q1S4 = medianS5 = Q3S6 = maxS7 = s
Pennies Stacked vs. Normal Model
-2
-1
0
1
2
Pennies_Stacked
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65
Normal Quantile = 0.13Pennies_Stacked - 5.2
Penny Collection Normal Quantile Plot
Comparison between Ricky and StefR
icky
Ste
f
Pennies_Stacked
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65
Penny Collection Box Plot
Two-Way Table of Eyewear and First Block Class
Penny Collection
RowSummary
Column Summary
First_Block_ClassFirst_Block_ClassFirst_Block_ClassFirst_Block_ClassFirst_Block_ClassFirst_Block_Class
English Gym Late Arrival Math Science Social Studies
First_Block_Class
Elective
Contacts
Glasses
Nothing
Eye_Wear
1 2 2 1 1 0 2
0 0 0 0 0 1 0
1 6 2 4 0 4 0
2 8 4 5 1 5 2
9
1
17
27
S1 = count
Marginal Distributions
Eyewear Contacts:
9/27=33.3333% Glasses:
1/27=3.7037% Nothing:
17/27=62.9630%
First Block Class Elective:
2/27=7.4074% English:
8/27=29.6296% Gym: 4/27=14.8148% Late Arrival:
5/27=18.5185% Math: 1/27=3.7037% Science:
5/27=18.5185% Social Studies:
2/27=7.4074%
Conditional Distributions: Eyewear
Contacts Elective: 1/9=11.1111% English: 2/9=22.2222% Gym: 2/9=22.2222% Late Arrival: 1/9=11.1111% Math: 1/9=11.1111% Science: 0/9=0% Social Studies: 2/9=22.2222%
Glasses Elective: 0/1=0% English: 0/1=0% Gym: 0/1=0% Late Arrival: 0/1=0% Math: 0/1=0% Science: 1/1=100% Social Studies: 0/1=0%
Nothing Elective:
1/17=5.8824% English:
6/17=35.2941% Gym: 2/17=11.7647% Late Arrival:
4/17=23.5294% Math: 0/17=0% Science:
4/17=23.5294% Social Studies:
0/17=0%
Conditional Distributions: First Block Class
Elective Contacts: ½=50% Glasses: 0/2=0% Nothing: ½=50%
English Contacts: 2/8=25% Glasses: 0/8=0% Nothing: 6/8=75%
Gym Contacts: 2/4=50% Glasses: 0/4=0% Nothing: 2/4=50%
Late Arrival Contacts: 1/5=20% Glasses: 0/5=0% Nothing: 4/5=80%
Math Contacts: 1/1=100% Glasses: 0/1=0% Nothing: 0/1=0%
Science Contacts: 0/5=0% Glasses: 1/5=20% Nothing: 4/5=80%
Social Studies Contacts: 2/2= 100% Glasses: 0/2= 0% Nothing: 0/2= 0%
Association between Eye Wear and First Block Class
There is an association between eyewear and first block class because the marginal distribution of eyewear does not equal the conditional distribution of first block class Same with the marginal distribution of first block
class and the conditional distribution of eyewear
Conclusion
Distribution Slightly right skewed Median and IQR should be used in data’s description Outlier present Close to a normal model Ricky’s data collection is very different from Stef’s
due to differing procedural measuresAssociation
Eyewear and first block class are not independent of one another
