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Meghan LaffertySeptember 11, 2006
Brief introduction to materials science for the information professional
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MY AGENDA
• What is materials science?• General trends in research• Resources in materials science
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EARLY MATERIALS SCIENCE
http://www.unisa.ac.za/default.asp?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=14960
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MATERIALS SCIENCE IS…
• Relevant to our lives everyday– Travel
• Airplanes• Cars
– Communication• Cell phones• Laptops
– Home• Silicone kitchen tools• Watches
• And our future– Energy!
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MATERIALS SCIENCE IS…
• Highly interdisciplinary– Chemistry– Physics– Electrical and computer engineering– Mechanical engineering– Chemical engineering and materials science
– Orthopedics– Aerospace engineering– Civil engineering
– And more…
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A LITTLE HISTORY
http://www.iom3.org/divisions/mpem/contents.htm
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PARADIGM OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
Committee on Materials Science and Engineering, Solid State Sciences Committee, Board on Physics and Astronomy, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, and National Materials Advisory Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Resource Council. (1989). Materials science and engineering for the 1990s: maintaining competitiveness in the age of materials. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Retrieved September 5, 2006, from http://www.nap.edu/books/0309039282/html/index.html
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MAJOR CATEGORIES OF MATERIALS
1. http://www.scrap-metal-recovery.co.uk/customers.php2. http://amweb.free.fr/andart/fr/txt/17_portug.htm3. http://peeron.com/inv/sets/8593-1?showpic=3334. http://www.microphotonics.com/labthickness.html5. http://discount-sporting-goods-superstore.ishoproute.com/1506.html
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INCREASE IN STRENGTH TO DENSITY RATIO OF MATERIALS OVER TIME
Committee on Materials Science and Engineering, Solid State Sciences Committee, Board on Physics and Astronomy, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, and National Materials Advisory Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Resource Council. (1989). Materials science and engineering for the 1990s: maintaining competitiveness in the age of materials. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Retrieved September 5, 2006, from http://www.nap.edu/books/0309039282/html/index.html
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MAJOR TRENDS
• Biomaterials & biocompatible materials • Energy• Self-assembled materials • Nanomaterials
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BIOMATERIALS & BIOCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS
• Drug delivery devices• Replacement parts
– Hearts– Joints
• Regeneration of tissues– Blood– Bone– Skin
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ENERGY
• Recognition of problems with fossil fuels– Environmental effects– Dwindling supply and increasing costs
• Two aspects of particular interest– Fuel cells– Solar cells
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FUEL CELLS
• Continuously fueled electrochemical devices– Fuel (hydrogen or hydrocarbons) in anode – Oxygen in cathode
• Output – electrical energy• Important to “hydrogen economy”
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SOLAR CELLS
• AKA photovoltaics• More environmentally friendly• First generation
– Silicon wafers
• Second generation– Thin film technologies
• Third generation– Hot carriers– Multiple electron-hole pair creation– Thermophotonics– Organic-based photovoltaics
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SELF-ASSEMBLED MATERIALS & NANOMATERIALS
• Self-assembled materials– Allows greater control of structure– Of interest for many different kinds of materials
• Nanomaterials– Broad appeal– Numerous applications make use
• Biomaterials– Drug or iron delivery in bloodstream
• Fuel cells– Increasing surface area of catalysts
• Semiconductors
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RESOURCES FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE
• General– Materials science– Other disciplines
• For specific types of materials– Ceramics– Metals– Nanomaterials– Polymers– Semiconductors
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HANDBOOKS AND ENCYCLOPEDIAS
1. http://www.monitor-data.com/books/0849326966.html2. http://maruzen.jp/cgi-bin/mis?Cgifrom=m2-ezy-03&MBN=01598843. http://www.ybp.com/ereference/science_direct/matl_sci_tech.htm
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www.matweb.com
INTERNET SOURCES
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SEARCH OPTIONS IN MATWEB
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NIST MATERIALS RESOURCES
http://www.nist.gov/srd/materials.htm
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CENTER FOR INFORMATION & NUMERICAL DATA ANALYSIS &
SYNTHESIS (CINDAS)
• Purdue University• Microelectronics Packaging Materials Database• Thermophysical Properties of Matter Database• Licensed through CSA (Cambridge Scientific Abstracts)
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DATABASES
• CSA Materials Research Database with METADEX– Aluminium Industry Abstracts– Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts– Copper Data Center Database– Corrosion Abstracts– Engineered Materials Abstracts– Materials Business File– METADEX– WELDASEARCH
• Can search separately
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OLD FAVORITES
1. http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-103461.html2. http://www.ippbooks.com/store/product.php?productid=178443. http://www.samfundslitteratur.dk/shop/books/publisher.do?action=publisher&id=18567
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CORNUCOPIA OF ENGINEERING HANDBOOKS
http://www.knovel.com/knovel2/library/default.jsp
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SAMPLE SEARCH IN KNOVEL
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EVEN MORE ENGINEERING HANDBOOKS
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COMPENDEX
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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LITERATURE
• Literature relevant to applications of interest
• Semiconductors – EE literature
• IEEE Xplore– Journals and magazines– Conference proceedings– Standards– Books
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RESOURCES FOR SPECIFIC MATERIALS
• Ceramics• Metals• Nanomaterials• Polymers
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CERAMICS
http://www.ceramics.nist.gov/webbook/webbook.htm
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STRUCTURAL CERAMICS DATABASE
http://www.ceramics.nist.gov/srd/scd/scdquery.htm
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METALS: PROPERTY DATA
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NANOMATERIALS
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POLYMERS: ENCYCLOPEDIAS
1. http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0471800503?v=glance2. http://www.book-info.com/isbn/0-471-28824-1.htm?ID=405f71c1fc95beee53aa9a917b83ca14
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POLYMERS: PROPERTY DATA
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POLYMERS: PROPERTY DATA
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Any questions?