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BONDINGThe joining together of elements in order to fill their outer shells.
CH4
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3 basic types of bonds
• Ionic
• Covalent
• Metallic
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compound types
• ionic compounds• Metal /non-metal• (+) (-) charges• IONIC BONDS• CONDUCTS electricity
(when dissolved or melted)• usually SOLID at room
temperature• HIGH melting & boiling
points
• molecular compounds• non-metals• SHARE electrons (no
charges)• COVALENT BONDS• NOT CONDUCTIVE
• usually LIQUID or GAS at room temperature
• LOW melting & boiling points
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Ionic Bond
• Between atoms of metals and nonmetals with very different electronegativity
• Bond formed by transfer of electrons from one atom to another (CHARGES FORM)
• Produce charged ions all states. Examples; NaCl, CaCl2, K2O
• METAL + NON-METAL
• Contain charges
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Ionic Bonds: One Big Greedy Thief Dog!
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DETERMINING IONIC FORMULAS
• Metal written 1st
• Non-metals written 2nd
• Determine charges
• If charges not equal and opposite CRISS-CROSS the numbers (not the charges
• Sodium chloride
• Na Cl• Calcium oxide
• Ca O• Potassium sulfide
• K S• Calcium nitride
• Ca N
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COVALENT BONDbond formed by the sharing of electrons
NO CHARGES!!!
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Covalent Bond• Formed by sharing
electron pairs• When NON-METAL
joins with another NON-METAL.
• Non-metal + non-metal
• Examples; O2, CO2, C2H6, H2O, SiC
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Ionic vs. Covalent? complete e- dot symbols
• CaCl2 (I or C) SO2 (I or C)
• CO2 (I or C) Al2O3 (I or C)
• FeCl3 (I or C) Na2O (I or C)
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Determine the proper formula for each of the following ionic compounds
• Ca O Al S
• K O Na Cl
• B O Sr F
• Li S Al P
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General Chemistry – Unit 6 Worksheet 3
Electron-Dot DiagramsPart 1
Use electron dot symbols to represent the formation of the stable ionic compounds from neutral atoms.
• 1. K and I 2. Sr and F
• 3. Na and S 4. Al and Cl
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Part 2Draw electron dot diagrams for the following
covalent molecules.
• 5. Br2 6. NF3
• 7. CH4 8. HOF
• 9. H2O2 10. N2H4
• 11. C2H4 12. N2