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Outline
• Objectives
• Statistic
• Anatomy
• Scalp injury
• Skull fracture
• Meningeal injury
• Brain injury
• 28 slides
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Objectives
• Understand the mechanism of head injury
• Recognize the patterns of different injuries
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Statistic
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Statistic
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Anatomy
• Scalp
• Skull
• Meninges
• Brain
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Classification
• Direct impact
• Acceleration and deceleration
• Closed or penetrating
• Primary or secondary
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Direct impact
• Head static
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Acceleration and deceleration
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Acceleration and deceleration
• Inertia
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Coup and contrecoup
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Scalp Injury
• Contusion
• Laceration
• Incision
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Skull Fracture
• Linear
• Depressed
• Comminuted
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Skull fracture
• Hinge fracture
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Skull fracture
• Ring fracture
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Skull fracture
• Diastatic suture
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Skull fracture
• Spider web
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Skull fracture
• Puppe’s rule
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Meningeal Injury
• Dura
• Arachnoid and pia
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Epidural / extradural hemorrhage
• Meningeal artery or vein
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Subdural hemorrhage
• Bridging vein
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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Brain Injury
• Concussion
• Contusion
• Laceration
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Concussion
• Loss of function without gross damage
• Diffuse axonal injury
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Contusion
• Surface
• Deep structure
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Consequence
• Swelling
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Consequence
• Herniation
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Hemorrhage
• Duret hemorrhages