BloodChapter 9Section 1
1. Functions of Blood 1. carries oxygen from lungs to body cells
and carries carbon dioxide from body cells to lungs to be exhaled
2. carries waste products from cells to kidneys
3. transports nutrients and other substances to body cells
4. cells and molecules in blood fight infections and help heal wounds
2. Blood
-tissue made of plasma, red and white blood cells, and platelets
- makes up 8% of body’s total mass
Parts of Blood
Plasma – liquid part of blood made up mostly
of water. Nutrients, minerals, and oxygen
are dissolved here. Wastes are carried away
in the plasma
White blood cells – cells that destroy
bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances;
Parts of Blood
Red blood cells – they contain hemoglobin.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide attaches to the
hemoglobin, and is carried throughout the body.
Platelets – help stop bleeding by clotting
7. Steps in Blood Clotting
1. Platelets and clotting factors in your blood make a
blood clot that plugs the wounded blood vessels
2. Platelets stick to the wound and fibrin creates a
threadlike, sticky net to trap blood cells and plasma to
form a clot
3. The clot hardens to form a scab
7. Steps in Blood Clotting…continued
4. Under the scab, skin cells begin repairing underneath
5. Bacteria that get under the wound during healing are
usually destroyed by white blood cells
8. Hemophilia
• genetic condition where a person lacks a clotting
factor that begins the clotting process
• person could bleed to death from a minor wound
8. Why is knowing your blood type important?
• In case of a blood transfusion, the Dr. needs to the
right type of blood to be given, or the blood cells will
clump together
• Clots then form in the blood vessels and the person
could die, because antibodies try to destroy the
foreign antigen
9.Blood Types
• People inherit 4 types of blood - A,B, AB, O
• A, B, and AB have antigens on their red blood cells
• O red blood cells have no antigens
10. Rh Factor
• People inherit 2 types of Rh factors – Rh+, Rh-
• If the Rh factor is present, then the blood is Rh+, if it
is absent, then it’s Rh-
• If an Rh- mother is pregnant, then she can make
antibodies against her Rh+ baby during pregnancy
11. Anemia (a blood disease)
• body tissues cannot get
enough oxygen and are
unable to carry on their usual
activities
• Caused by loss of blood, lack
of iron, or are inherited by
the shape of red blood cells
(sickle-cell anemia)
12. Leukemia (another blood disease)
• One type of white blood cells are made in excess and
cannot fight infections, these crowd out healthy cells
• low red blood cell count, normal white blood cell and
platelet count
• Can affect children, but more common in adults
• Treated by medicine, blood transfusions, and bone
marrow transplants