Download - Biology
![Page 1: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mid-Continent UniversityBarbara Pierpont, Professor
![Page 2: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Prayer needs?Prayer praise?Tell me, very briefly, one miraculous thing that God has done in your life.
![Page 3: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Biology studies living things. Living things grow, develop and reproduce
Living things are made of chemical compounds which are made of atoms.
Atoms combine by ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds.
Water is Awesome!
![Page 4: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Cells go through a process called cellular respiration in which they
1. take in nutrients 2. break them apart further 3. combine them with other enzymes
and molecules 4. produce energy rich ATP
This is the KREBS cycle
![Page 7: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
In cellular respiration, the chemical energy in various nutrients, such as glucose, is transferred to ATP. In this form it can be transported to provide the energy needed to carry out metabolic functions. The diagram illustrates the relationships between various aspects of cellular respiration.
![Page 8: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cells run on ATP ATP is made in the Krebs cycle using sugars and enzymes
A total of 36 ATP are made during the cycle.
![Page 11: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Every living thing has DNASometimes DNA just floats in the cell, sometimes it’s controlled in nucleus
It is the blueprint for life and is unique to each living thing
![Page 12: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Sugar-phosphate ladder “legs” Amino acid ladder “rungs” 4 types of amino acids, 4 types of rungs:
◦ Adenine◦ Thymine◦ Guanine◦ Cytosine
A to T, C to G NEVER AC or CC or GG or AA or etc.
Made from the proteins you eat
![Page 14: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Remember: A to T, C to G
AAT AGG CCC TGC ATA
![Page 15: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Meiosis made my toes-ies!
Every living thing repairs damage to its cells by mitosis.
Mitosis is the creation of a new cell by cellular division.
Since every living thing must have DNA, the DNA must divide, too
![Page 16: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Interphase or G1ProphaseMetaphaseAnaphaseTelophase
![Page 17: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The cell spends most of its time here
We used to think that it was the ‘resting’ phase of the cell but now …
Busy, busy!
![Page 18: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
During this phase the cell gets prepared to divide by moving chromosomes around.
![Page 19: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The purpose of mitosis is to create new cells to 1. repair, 2. replace, and 3. grow
Mitosis does not create a new organism.
![Page 23: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Your new organism must have the same number of chromosomes as you.
Cloning the answer?What do we see instead?
![Page 26: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Meiosis not only divides the cell, but it divides the number of chromosomes in half.
Interphase 1 or G1 Prophase 1 Metaphase 1 Anaphase 1 Teleophase 1 BUT….wait there’s more!!
![Page 29: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Interphase 2 or G2 Prophase 2 plus cross over Metaphase 2 Anaphase 2 Teleophase 2
Difference? Gametes or sex cells.
![Page 30: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Without diversity, we would all be the same as Adam and Eve. Problem with that?
![Page 32: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Same as mitosis for the first part, then….
![Page 34: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Mendel crossed pea plants and came to the conclusion of how some genes can be “dominant” while some are “recessive”
This is can be very simple or very complicated depending on what we’re looking at.
Some are easy – eye color in humans, roll your tongue, your earlobes, your thumb, red hair
![Page 37: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Predilection for diseases like sickle cell, certain cancers, diabetes.
Some are sex linked like hemophilia, deafness
BUT we can figure them out!
![Page 38: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
A little tool for figuring out how an offspring might look.
Learn and Practice
![Page 41: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
XXY females XXX males XYX males
![Page 42: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Discuss: Testing – yes or no? Curing – yes or no? Preventing – yes or no?
![Page 43: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
If we make our DNA from the proteins we eat, what about genetically modified foods?
Are they safe? What are you seeing in the general public that might be GMF related?
How will this work into your final paper?
![Page 44: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Copy this down www.explorelearning.com
Click enroll in class
Class code: GBEHULKFWG
Register for class Look for Cell Division and work now in
class
![Page 45: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Biology](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081519/56813b46550346895da4232e/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)