Ben Veihelmann
Atmospheric Section of the Mission Science Division ESA/ESTEC
[email protected], +31-72-565-5210
ESA Atmospheric Satellite Missions
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements
Task Team Meeting #1, 10-13 Nov 2014, WMO, Geneva, Switzerland
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 2
ESA Atmospheric Satellite Missions
Copernicus Sentinel Missions Earth Explorer Missions
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 3
ESA Atmospheric Satellite Missions
Mission Year 20** 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Sentinel-3
Sentinel-4
Sentinel-5
Sentinel-5 Precursor
EarthCARE
ADM Aeolus
CarbonSat
FLEX
Earth Explorer 8 Candidate Mission
Copernicus Sentinel Mission
Earth Explorer Mission
Expected Mission Lifetime
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 4
ESA Atmospheric Satellite Missions
Mission Service
Stratospheric Processes
Global & Regional Air Quality
Climate Volcanic Emissions
Sentinel-3
Sentinel-4
Sentinel-5
Sentinel-5 Precursor
EarthCARE
ADM Aeolus aerosol by-product aerosol by-product
CarbonSat aerosol by-product
FLEX aerosol by-product aerosol by-product
Earth Explorer 8 Candidate Mission
Copernicus Sentinel Mission
Earth Explorer Mission
Atmospheric Composition Monitoring Services Themes addressed per Mission
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 5
Atmospheric Composition Products Of Sentinels
Product
Application Copernicus Sentinel Mission
Air Quality
ClimateStratosp. processes
other S3 S4(#) S5(#) S5P
O3 total & trop. col. X X X X X X
O3 enhanced sensitivity
to lower trop.X
Synergy MTG-IRS
O3 stratospheric profile X X X
NO2 total & trop. col. X X X X
SO2 total column X volcanic emission X X X
CHOCHO total column X NMVOC emission X X TBC
CH2O total column VOC emission X X X
Aerosol optical depth / type / index
X Xvolcanic emission & aux
X X X
Aerosol height X X volcanic emission X X X
CH4 X X X
CO X X X X
H2O X? NWP? X
CO2 X X
HDO X X UT/LS exchange X
Cloud characteristics auxiliary X X X
Surface characteristics auxiliary X X X X
#) Sentinel-4 and -5 Level-2 product lists are TBC ; grey X: priority 2
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 6
Atmospheric Composition Products of Earth Explorer (Candidate) Missions
Product
Application Earth Explorer Mission
Air Quality
Climate otherADM
Aeolus EarthCARE CarbonSat FLEX
Aerosol
optical thickness X X auxiliary X By-product By-product
Ext. coeff. profile X X X X
Type X X X
Ångström coeff. X X auxiliary X By-product
Cloud characteristics X X
CH4 X X
H2O auxiliary X
CO2 X X
Earth Explorer 8 Candidate Mission
Earth Explorer Mission
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 7
Applications of Atmospheric Composition User Requirements
• Sentinel-4/-5 Air quality protocol monitoring & near-real time services, climate protocol monitoring
– Capacity Study Final report
– IGACO report (GAW 159)
– GMES Atmosphere Services Implementation Group Final Report
– Science Requirements Document for TROPOMI (S5P)
– Camelot study results, S-4/-5 Mission Advisory Group advice
• CarbonSat climate protocol monitoring & scientific assessment– Mission Requirement Document v1.2
• Climate Change Initiative Fundamental Climate Data Records of EVCs meeting requirements of GCOS, MACC, CMUG
– GHG-CCI URD v2 (CO2 and CH4 regional sources & sinks)
– Ozone-CCI URD v2.1
– Aerosol-CCI URD v1.4
Driving application areas in red
Later than IGACO 2004, consider URs for update
User Reqs.
Mission Reqs.
System Reqs.
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 8
Lessons Learnt from Applying these User Requirements in S-4/-5/-5P
• UR tables in TROPOMI Science Requirements Doc
• Relax threshold for HCHO (OSCAR 15%) and SO2 (OSCAR 20%).
Measurements useful after temporal and/or spatial averaging
• Define abundance lower limit (x0) for relative error
and absolute error (sx) for background conditions
• Distinguish systematic and random errors (already in IGACO 2004)
• Specify UR for glyoxal? ( non-methane VOC emission estimates)
• Specify UR for ammonia? ( PM formation, human and plant health)
s x
x0
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 9
Lessons Learnt from Applying these User Requirements in CCI
• UR Tables in CCI URDs for GHG, O3 and aerosol
• Distinguish bias and temporal stability of bias for CO2 and CH4
• Combine GHG single-measurement precision with number of (useful) data in a given spatio-temporal interval
• Associate aerosol accuracy and stability to spatial and temporal resolution
• Define absolute accuracy limit for low AOD and instantaneous local scale data; relative limit for larger regions and detection of trends.
s xx0
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 10
Thank you for your attention!
Ben Veihelmann
Atmospheric Section of the Mission Science Division ESA/ESTEC
[email protected], +31-72-565-5210
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 11
Backup slides
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 12
Sentinel-3
Mission Objective: European global land and ocean monitoring. 2 day global coverage, real-time (<3h) products
Key Facts• Launch 2015 with Rockot/Vega• 7 year lifetime (consumables for 12 years)• Sun-synchronous orbit 10h at desc. node, 27-days repeat• Operational configuration 2 satellites
Payload• OLCI (Ocean and Land Colour Instrument)• SLSTR (Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer)• SRAL (Sentinel-3 Ku/C Radar Altimeter)• MWR (MicroWave Radiometer)• POD (Precise Orbit Determination)
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 13
Sentinel-4 Mission Implementation
Application: • Air quality
Instrumentation: • UV-VIS-NIR spectrometer • Use of thermal IR sounder (IRS)
and imager (FCI) on MTG-I
UV-VIS-NIR with spectral bands 305 – 500 nm and 750 – 775
nm Spatial sampling of 8 km at 45°N and spectral resolution
between 0.12 nm and 0.5 nm Geostationary orbit, at about 0o longitude Embarked on MTG-Sounder Satellite and operated by
EUMETSAT
Yaw-flip at equinox
UVN
IRS
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 14
Sentinel–5 Mission Implementation
Instrumentation: • UV-VIS-NIR-SWIR spectrometer• Use of thermal IR sounder, cloud
imager and polarisation imager
UV-Visible (270-500nm) NIR (685-775nm) SWIR (1590–1675nm; 2305-2385nm) Spectrometers with spectral resolutions between 0.25 nm and 1.0 nm Spatial sampling with 50 (T)/15 (G) km < 300nm and 15 (T)/5(G) km >
300 nm Global daily coverage Sun-synchronous Low Earth Orbit platform at 824 km mean altitude Embarked on EPS-SG, operated by EUMETSAT
Applications: • air quality, climate forcing and
stratospheric ozone, tropospheric chemistry
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 15
Sentinel–5 Precursor Mission Implementation
Applications: • air quality, climate forcing and
stratospheric ozone, tropospheric chemistry
Instrumentation: • UV-VIS-NIR-SWIR spectrometer
(UVN = NL, SWIR = ESA) UV-Visible (270-500nm) NIR (675-775nm) and SWIR (2305-2385nm) Grating spectrometer Global daily coverage with 7 km
sampling at nadir Sun-synchronous Low Earth Orbit
platform at 824 km mean altitude Guarantees data delivery for GMES
Atmospheric Services 2016-2020
Atmospheric Composition Observational Requirements Meeting #1 | Nov 2014 | WMO, Geneva, Switzerland | Slide 16
Sentinel-4/-5/-5P Mission Implementation
Mission Platform InstrumentUtilization of data from
Imager Infrared sounder Other
Sentinel-4 MTG-S UVN spectrometer FCI IRS LI
Sentinel-5 Metop-SG UVNS spectrometer VII IAS 3MI
Sentinel-5 Precursor
dedicated LEO
UVNS spectrometer
TROPOMI VIIRS CrIS OMPS
UVNS = UVN + Short wave infraredVII = Visible/Infrared Imager (MetImage)IAS = Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (IASI-NG)3MI = Multi-viewing, -channel, -polarisation Imager
TROPOMI = TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument VIIRS = Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite CrIS = Cross-track Infrared Sounder OMPS = Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite
MTG-S/I = Meteosat Third Generation Sounder/Imager MetOp-SG = MetOp-Second GenerationSNPP = Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership JPSS = Joint Polar Satellite System
UVN = Ultraviolet + Visible + Near infraredFCI = Flexible Combined Imager (on MTG-I)IRS = InfraRed Sounder LI = Lightning Imager (on MTG-I)