Beechdrops (Epifagus virginiana) are leaflessplants that lack chlorophyll. Beechdrops gettheir nourishment from the roots of beech trees, which reduces the amount of nutrients available to the trees themselves. This interaction is best described as —
A. predatoryB. parasiticC. commensalisticD. mutualistic
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According to this food web, which of these is an omnivore?
A. Caterpillar
B. Mouse
C. Ant
D. Fly larva
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Which molecule provides most of the energy used to drive chemical reactions in cells?
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. ATP
D.ADP
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Light To create
Purpose: Plants use light to create sugars
What is photosynthesis?
The process in which plants convert light energy into chemical energy
(food glucose).
Happens in the chloroplast
Photosynthesis Equation
PHOTOSYNTHESIS EQUATION:
It will be on every quiz and your unit test!Carbon dioxide + water + E → glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O + E → C6H12O6 + 6O2
(reactants) (products)
Light
Enzymes
light
enzymestakes in produces
ChloroplastChloroplast
ThylakiodThylakiod: sac like membranes
StromaStroma: space between thylakiodsGranaGrana: stack
of thylakiods
Within the chloroplast pictured above are disc like structures arranged in stacks called grana. The stack like membranes contains pigments that absorb light energy. The individual disc-like shaped structures labeled A are called ____.A. chlorophyll
B. thylakoids
C. stroma
D. Golgi apparatus
A
B
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Which word summary word equation best describes a process that directly requires light energy?
A. water + carbon dioxide glucose + oxygen
B. glucose + glucose maltose + water
C. glucose alcohol + carbon dioxide + ATP
D. water + glucose oxygen + carbon dioxide ATP
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Vein
Water enters the plant through the
roots and travels up to the leaf through
the veins.
Water then travels to each cell through a process known as OSMOSIS.
Stomata
Stomata are the little “holes” on a plant leaf that regulates the gas exchange in plants.
Carbon dioxide then travels to each cell through a process known as Diffusion.
Carbon dioxide enters the leaf
through the stomata.
Which structure regulates gas exchange during the processes of photosynthesis and respiration?
A. QB. RC. SD. T
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Products and Reactants in Photosynthesis
Reactants- Carbon Dioxide and Water
Products- Glucose and Oxygen
There is NO ATP gain during photosynthesis! *****Remember the ATP Cycle*****
Light and Pigments
Photosynthesis depends on pigments -proteins that absorb some light and reflect others.Examples: chlorophyll and
carotene
Light and Pigments
Chlorophyll absorbs blue, violet, and red light, but reflects green light. This is why plants are green.
Carotene reflects orange light.
Section 8-3
Figure 8-7 Photosynthesis: An OverviewPhotosynthesis overview:
(PRODUCTS)
LIGHT
O2Sugars(glucose)
CO2
Light-Dependent Reactions
CalvinCycle
H2O
(REACTANTS)
The 2 Steps to Photosynthesis
1. Light-dependent reactions
2. Calvin Cycle (AKA: Light-independent reactions)
Step 1:Light-Dependent Reactions *requires light*
PurposePurpose: To make oxygen used by other organisms
Location:Location: Thylakoid membranes
Step 1: LDR
Reactants Products
6H2O
Light Energy
6O2
Step 1: LDR
How it works:How it works:
H2O is broken up by light into H+ and O2.
O2 is released through stomata
Step 2: The Calvin Cycle (Light-Independent Reactions)
* does not need light*
Purpose:Purpose: To make glucose from CO2
Location:Location: STROMA
Step 2: Calvin cycle
Reactants Products
6CO2 Glucose
Calvin CycleHow it works:How it works:
6 CO2 enter the cycle and are converted into glucose.
With TWO turns of Calvin Cycle, you make ONE glucose.
What are the two steps of Photosynthesis listed in the correct order?
A. Glycolysis & Krebs cycle B. Calvin cycle & L.D.R. C. L.D.R. & Kreb’s cycle D. L.D.R & Calvin cycle
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Which compound is a Which compound is a product of photosynthesis product of photosynthesis and a reactant for cellular and a reactant for cellular respiration?respiration?
A. carbon dioxide
B. water
C. glucose
D. energy
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Why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration often considered opposites?A. Photosynthesis produces twice as many
ATP molecules as cellular respiration does.
B. Water is released during photosynthesis and consumed during cellular respiration.
C. Photosynthesis occurs during the day, and cellular respiration occurs at night.
D. Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and used during cellular respiration
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BIG PICTURE
Plants release oxygen Animals bring in oxygen
Plants create glucose Animals eat glucose
Animals breathe out water Plants bring in water
BIG PICTURE Plants and animals work together to create the carbon cycle:
OxygenOxygen
GlucoseGlucose
Carbon Carbon DioxideDioxide
waterwater