BB: Asexual vs. Sexual ReproductionPlease copy this chart in your notebook – use the WHOLE page.
NameType
(asexual or
sexual)
What happe
ns?
Organisms that use this
type
+Positives
-Negative
s
1. Binary Fission
2. Bacterial Conjugation
3. Fragmentation
4. Budding
5. Pollination
6. Sexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction
A form of reproduction which does not involve meiosis or fertilization. Asexual reproduction = one parent. The primary form of reproduction for single-celled organisms such as archaea, bacteria, and protists.Many plants and fungi reproduce mostly asexually as well.
Sexual Reproduction
Results in increasing genetic diversity of the offspring. Characterized by two processes:
meiosis, halving of the number of chromosomesfertilization, combination of two gametes and the restoration of the original number of chromosomes
During meiosis, chromosomes usually cross over = genetic recombination.Primary method of reproduction for the vast majority of visible organisms, including almost all animals and plants.
Binary Fission
AsexualCell splits and replicated DNA goes with each partProkaryotes, Bacteria+ Fast and easy- Everybody has the same DNA
Bacterial Conjugation
Asexual, “Sexual” A bacteria shoots out a tube and sends a piece of its DNA to another bacteriaBacteria+ Mixes DNA- “Parent” loses a little piece of DNA
Fragmentation/ regeneration
AsexualBody of parent breaks and produces offspringFungi, moss, sea stars, planarian+ Easy- Parent broken, same DNA
Pollination
SexualPollen is delivered to female part of plantFlowering plants+ Plants don’t have to move, mixes DNA- Need external source for pollination to take place; wind, bee, bat, butterfly etc.
Sexual Reproduction
SexualDNA from 2 individuals merge to form oneAnimals, Plants+ Diverse DNA- Takes a long time, 2 individuals needed
Numbers! (20 minutes or 1 year, 8 months)
Core Bacteria (Binary Fission)
Hydra(Budding)
Planaria, Starfish (Fragmentation)
Rabbits, Kittens, Humans(Sexual Reproduction)
Dandelions, Pine trees(Pollination)
1 12,731 (6)
504 (6) 2640 (5) 20,10,2 (2) 46, 3 (3)
2 23,313 (7)
610 (4) 3626 (6) 20,10,2 (4) 20, 2 (4)
3 20,697 (10)
450 (6) 2578 (8) 20, 10, 2 (3) 21, 1.5 (4)
4 22,994 (10)
613 (6) 2982 (5) 20, 10, 1.5 (4) 20, 1.5 (4)