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PRESENTATION
ONCOMPUTER
PROGRAMMING
TOPICS COVERED:
1. INTERNET
2. TYPES OF CONNECTIVITY
3. OSI MODEL
4. E-MAIL, SMTP, POP3, DNS, FTP.
5. INTRANET AND EXTRANET
6. WORLD WIDE WEB
7. HTML
8. SEARCH ENGINES
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INTERNET
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WHAT IS INTERNET………?
‘Internet’ is a ‘network of networks’ that connects computers ‘all over the world’. It is a collection of government, academic, commercial, individual, and other sites.
The Internet mixes computing and communication technologies.
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INTERNET
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INTERNET AND ITS APPLICATIONS…E-MAIL
ONLINE EDUCATION
TELNET[telecommunications and networks]
VIDEO CONFERENCING
E-COMMERCE
E-MARKETING
E-CRM[customer relationship management]
EFT[electronic fund transfer]
SEARCH ENGINES[global data search]
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TYPES OF CONNECTIONS
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ANALOG MODEMS
ISDN [integrated services digital network]
DSL [digital subscriber lines]
ADSL [asymmetrical digital subscriber lines]
SDSL [symmetrical digital subscriber lines]
HDSL [high-data-rate digital subscriber lines]
LEASED LINES
WIRE-LESS [Wi-Fi and VPN]
SATELLITE
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OSI MODEL
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OSI MODEL [INTRODUCTION]
The OPEN SYSTEM INTERCONNECTION (OSI) model
includes a set of protocols that attempt to define and
standardization the data communication process.
The OSI model is a concept that describes, how data
communications should take place.
It divides the process into seven steps called layers.
The OSI protocols were defined by the International
Standard Organization (ISO) [INCLUDING IEEE].
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E-MAIL, SMTP, POP3, DNS,
FTP
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Email [electronic-mail] allows the user to send
data in the form of text, pictures, sound and video
to a remote computer on the Internet.
These Email services are created by companies on
specific web services and can be accessed by
anyone anywhere in the world at anytime.
Files and data can also be sent through an Email as
like an attachment.
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SMTP[simple mail transfer protocol]
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SMTP is a member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols that governs the exchange of electronic mail between message transfer agents.
It uses a ‘MAIL TRANSFER AGENT’ [MTA] to transfer the commands, replies, e-mails across the internet.
It has a set of predefined rules through which it handles the mail traffic across a particular network.
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POP3[post office protocol {ver.3}]
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Post Office Protocol (POP) is an application-layer Internet standard protocol used by local e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a remote server over a TCP/IP connection.
POP and IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) are the two most prevalent Internet standard protocols for e-mail retrieval.
Virtually all modern e-mail clients and servers support both.
POP has been developed through several versions, with version 3 (POP3) being the current standard.
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Domain names are alphanumeric names for IP addresses e.g., neon.cs.virginia.edu, www.google.com, ietf.org
The domain name system (DNS) is an Internet-wide
distributed database that translates between domain names and IP addresses
The naming system on which DNS is based is a hierarchical and logical tree structure called the DOMAIN NAMESPACE.
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USER RECIEVER[WEB SERVER]FTP
TCP/IP
DATA FLOW
FTP[file transfer protocol]
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File transfer protocol is an Internet tool for uploading and downloading files between computers.
A file transfer must take place between a client and a server.
FTP client software can be a separate stand alone program.
FTP client capability is incorporated into web browsers or provided as part of operating system.
Some files on FTP servers may be accessible to the general public, while others are accessible only by private users such as customers or members of the organization that runs the server.
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INTRANET AND
EXTRANET
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INTRANETIt is a type of local connectivity of computers to share their resources within the organization.It is a type of secured information-sharing system.The data is stored on a local server within the organization.It is based on ‘open standards and protocols’.
BENEFITS: Encrypted access to highly sensitive information. Information is not transferred through the open networks but
is available only to people inside the organization that have the required privileges.
DEMERITS:Security concerns.
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EXTRANETExtranets are private Web communities. They enable companies to use Internet based technologies to communicate and transact business securely with distributors, customers, and other business partners.
BENEFITS: They bring smaller and geographically remote trading
partners into the electronic loop, thereby cutting excess costs and delays associated with standard supply chain processes.
DEMERITS:Because of the commercially-sensitive nature of the information exchanged within an extranet, each system must be buffered.
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WORLD WIDE WEB [WWW]
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The World Wide Web (WWW) can be viewed as a
huge distributed system consisting of millions of
clients and servers for accessing linked
documents.
The WWW is essentially a huge client-server
system with millions of servers distributed
worldwide.
The simplest way to refer to a document is by
means of a reference called a Uniform Resource
Locator (URL).
Most Web documents are expressed by means of
a special language called Hyper Text Markup
Language or simply HTML.
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HTML[Hyper text
markup language]
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Most Web documents are expressed by means of a special language called [Hyper Text Markup Language ] or simply HTML.
Being a markup language means that HTML provides keywords to structure a document into different sections.
It is also possible to insert images or animations at specific positions in a document.
Besides these structural elements, HTML provides various keywords to instruct the browser how to present the document.
One of its most powerful features is the ability to express parts of a document in the form of a script [JAVA SCRIPT].
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SEARCH ENGINES
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VIJAY KUMAR L. SAROJ
ABHINAV AWASTHI
[S.Y.Bcom]