Baroque art“Misshapen and Ill-formed” ?
orOrnate and Exquisite?
Counter ReformationItaly---Spain
drama--art as a stage--active lines, diagonal planes
Caravaggio
St. Peter’s demise --- St. Matthew’s conversion
Bernini
St. Teresa in Ecstasy
Apollo and Daphne
Louis XIV’s bust
Velasquez and El Greco
Water CarrierandMaids of Honor
the busy surface ofBurial of Count Orgaz
ARISTOCRATIC ARTArt and Music Academies controlled by the king
“Academic” Poussin
(from France, but hid in Italy)
“Exuberant”Rubens
(from Lowlandsbut stayed and played in Spain and France)
Rapeof the Sabine
Women (left)
versusRape of
daughters ofLuppus(right)
formal, balancedversus
lush, fleshyand active
Bourgeoisie Stillness
Vermeer Rembrandt
Notice the light source
Art of Painting
Dr. Tulip Anatomy Lessoncorporation painting
Self-portraits,the many faces of
Rococo taking frothy and light to new levels
Watteau’sMusic party
Fragonard’s Swing
Baroque Architecturesurface as ornament and sculpture
Italiansculptural surface(Borromini)
Santiago cathedral, Spainornate, embellished surface
St. Paul’s in Londonthe triumph of Christopher Wren
The Common Man Rules
Hogarth---from his oils,created engravings such as Gin Lane, satirizing all levels of society….On to revolution and the Enlightenment
Marriage a la Mode
Rake’s Progress
Belvedere--Viennafrilly but flattened,low relief of “style galant”
Rococo leads to
style galant…the aristocratic approach after 1715
Sans Souciis “carefree”in Germany
Chinoiseriereflects the fascination withthe unknownsof the East
Women join the ranks of the elite….salon leaders and academic painters
Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun1755-1842
held out for the aristocracy
Angelica Kauffmann1741-1807
Cornelia Pointing to Her Children as her Treasuresacademic painter of neoclassical movement
Vigee-LeBrun,Marie Antoinette and her Children, 1789
in the year of the French Revolution,
made Marie Antoinettelook motherly.
Painted shortly before the queen’s beheading.
Child points to an empty cradle.
Neo-Classical Art and Architecturesymbolizing strength, balance and order
Ancient Rome and Greece serve as models for Democracy
How do theRoman ruins of the Forum and Pantheon(100-200 C.E.)
compare withNeo-Classical structures
of the 1800s?
U.S. Treasury, built by our FreeMason Founding Fathers in 1836
Paris’ Pantheon, built in 1789…Rousseau is buried there
Napoleon makes his mark in Paris….the human hero is God
Medieval Notre Dame becomesThe Shrine of the Cult of Reason
Horses are stolenfrom Venice
to sit atop Napoleon’s Victory Arch
(L’Arc du Triomphe du Carrousel, 1806)
Napoleon’s Archlooks suspiciously like the Romans’ Arch of Trajan, 114 C.E., don’t you think?
Jacques Louis David (1748-1825)becomes the painter of the French Revolution
as well as the Classical Period’s leading academic artist
a moralist with a message Heroic, academic,balanced composition
Oath of the Horatii, 1784What “threes” do you see?
Lictors Bringing Back to Brutusthe Bodies of His Sons, 1789Brutus appears in the shadows...What is David warning about?
DAVID, Death of Marat, 1793
• Marat is killed by Charlotte Corday who felt that he was leading the revolution with excessive bloodiness
• Painting is made in same year that Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette are guillotined
• Marat is in a bath due to a crippling skin disease
• Note that Marat clutches says that Corday is taking Marat’s life due to her suffering
• Marat becomes instant martyr for the cause—wound is displayed at funeral
Prints of the times….
Hogarth--Gin Lane
Gillray-New Coalitionthe father ofpolitical prints
Goyakissing a corpse
Hokusai-Great Wave
Sculpture once again becomes a leading art form….Pompeii is unearthed in 1748 C.E.
Statues symbolize the best of Classical art (ancient and Neo-)sturdy, heroic, timeless
Canova (1757-1822)creates togas and fig leaves
Venus Victorious, 1808 Napoleon, 1802
HOUDON, Ben Franklin, 1779
• Houdon was a fellow Freemason, as were Voltaire, Mozart, Haydn, Jefferson and our founding fathers
• Franklin’s wigless image created a stir in France
Voltaire
In the new U.S.A…
and Washington gets a toga, too
Classical architecture emerges….
the heroic is championed….
Benjamin WestThe Death of General Wolfe, 1770
THE END