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AVENUES
THEIR HISTORY, IMPORTANCE AND THREAT
ANDTHEIR PLACE IN TODAY’S WORLD
Theodor Fontane Alleen – Grüne Haine des Reisens
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AVENUES AND THEIR HISTORY
The word "allée" first appeared in Charles Estienne in 1536 (published 1539).
It was introduced in Germany during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648);
in Sweden since 1663.
Probably the first drawing of a Central European Allee was found on a painting by Isaak van dem Blocke and refers to Gdansk in 1608.
2
Allegory of the Danzig trade, 1608
Quelle: Fischer, Hubertus (2006). Alleen literarisch – vom Barock bis zur Moderne. In: Lehmann, Ingo & Rohde, Michael (Hrsg.). Alleen in Deutschland- Bedeutung, Pflege, Entwicklung. Edition Leipzig, S. 64-69.
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Willhelm Malte Fürst zu Putbus (1783-1854)
Putbus „die weiße Stadt“ - im klassizistischen Stil
Bernd Gerlich
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200 years old – Lime tree avenue
Schloss Bothmer / Klützer Winkel
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„ästhetisch aufgeschmückte“ Garten- und Parkanlagen von Peter Joseph Lenné (1789-1866)
Schlosspark in Ludwigslust
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Use of fruit trees
Birnenallee in Lützow Landkreis Nordwestmecklenburg
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Kopfweidenallee in Nordwestmecklenburg
Use of wood, twigs and leaves
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AVENUES AND THEIR HISTORY
For road safety
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AVENUES AND THEIR IMPORTANCE
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• Natural and cultural value
• Part of regional and also
European landscape
• Highlight of our landscape
• Witness of regional history
• They filter air dust
AVENUES AND THEIR IMPORTANCE
• They join up biotopes
• They are living areas for
animals
• Factor for tourism and
economy
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1 Million Euros for 1 Kilometer1 Million Euros for 1 Kilometer
+ + Cultural valueCultural value
++ Contribution to biodiversityContribution to biodiversity
++ Contribution to air cleaningContribution to air cleaning
+ + Contribution to road safetyContribution to road safety
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AVENUES AND THEIR THREAT
• Increasing traffic
• New road constructions
• Development of public
power and water supply
• Tree cutting
• Tree damage
• Exhaust fumes
• Agriculture
• Age
• Salt
• Disinterest
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large wounds
collision damage
Working in the root zone -no manual digging!
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VITALITY23,9 % 1996 „ significantly damaged“
(today presumably almost 50%,
SALT
road salt sensitive species: 62.4%
damage estimated: 1% per year, or about 9,000 trees
In at least 60% of all avenues of federal and state roads in MV (2048 km in 2010), many long gaps (> 100m)
(Ingo Lehmann, 2014)
.
14Dead trees along B109 Greifswald to Anklam
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Foto: Marlies Preller
AVENUES AND THEIR THREAT
The demand for unlimited mobility
8000 fellings of trees along federal roads, state roads per year in M-V, most of them for reasons of safety obligations
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Avenue register 1992-1996 in Mecklenburg-Pomerania
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Legal protection of trees along roads
• Constitution of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Article 12
• §19 Statute of Nature in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
• Edict: Ministry of economy in collaboration with ministry of
environment; „New plantings of avenues and tree lines in
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania “ for federal roads and state
roads; 19.04.2002
• Edict: Ministry of environment „New plantings of avenues and tree
lines in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ” for smaller roads;
October 2007
• Alleenfonds
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Legal protection of trees along roads
• DIN 18920 „Protection of trees, bushes and plants during building activity"
• RAS-LG 4 " Protection of trees, bushes and plants during road constructions "
- Hand digging
- Protection of the
tree trunk
- root curtains
- skilled experts
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- 2048 km of the 5289 km of federal and state roads are tree lined avenues- 93.687 trees planted between 1996-2010- 38 % of the current avenues consist of young avenue trees- 2010 – 31 individual projects with planting of 7000 trees = 68 km and € 2.8 mill
Regeneration of an avenue with long gaps
Quelle: State office of road traffic
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L 241 Röbel – DambeckGap planting at 4.5 km
Quelle: Straßenbauamt Neustrelitz
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L 12 Rethwisch – Bad Doberan
Dr. Sven Reiter, Straßenbauamt Güstrow – Vorstellung aktueller Alleenplanzungen BUND-Tagung am 07.11.12 in Güstrow:
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1. Protection of the old trees
- Abidance of constitution, statute, edicts, regulations
- Improve control and request for tenders
- No road salt in old avenues – avenue friendly winter sevice
2. High quality of new plantings
- Abidance of the edicts in respect of numbers to
plant and quality and payment into the funds
- Development of local concepts
- Protection strip along the field side
- Proved qualification of the staff
Demands of the BUND for sustainable development of the avenues
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• Meetings and Workshops (get to know each
others problems)
• Public relations for regional concepts
including
financial programs
• Cooperation with authorities in planning
road construction projects
• Conducting educational campaigns for trees
Activities of the Bund
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Cooperation with authorities in planning road construction projects – Sternberg – Groß Raden L 141
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L 141 Sternberg – Groß Raden
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International Conference4th November 2015 in Güstrow
Conferences, Meetings and
Workshops
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AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
Quality control
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Conducting educational campaigns for trees
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WActivities of the Bund
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
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Conducting educational campaigns for trees
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WActivities of the Bund
AVENUES AND THEIR PLACE IN TODAY‘S WORLD
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2900
Since 3rd May 1993 – Deutsche Alleenstraße ellin (Rügen) - Bodensee
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Thank you for your interest [email protected]